Optimization of Sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 Receptor Agonists: Effects of Acidic, Basic, and Zwitterionic Chemotypes on Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles
摘要:
The efficacy of the recently approved drug fingolimod (FTY720) in multiple sclerosis patients results from the action of its phosphate metabolite on sphingosine-1-phosphate S1P(1) receptors, while a variety of side effects have been ascribed to its S1P(3) receptor activity. Although S1P and phospho-fingolimod share the same structural elements of a zwitterionic headgroup and lipophilic tail, a variety of chemotypes have been found to show S1P(1) receptor agonism. Here we describe a study of the tolerance of the S1P(1) and S1P(3) receptors toward bicyclic heterocycles of systematically varied shape and connectivity incorporating acidic, basic, or zwitterionic headgroups. We compare their physicochemical properties, their performance in in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic models, and their efficacy in peripheral lymphocyte lowering. The campaign resulted in the identification of several potent S1P(1) receptor agonists with good selectivity vs S1P(3) receptors, efficacy at <1 mg/kg oral doses, and developability properties suitable for progression into preclinical development.
Optimization of Sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 Receptor Agonists: Effects of Acidic, Basic, and Zwitterionic Chemotypes on Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles
摘要:
The efficacy of the recently approved drug fingolimod (FTY720) in multiple sclerosis patients results from the action of its phosphate metabolite on sphingosine-1-phosphate S1P(1) receptors, while a variety of side effects have been ascribed to its S1P(3) receptor activity. Although S1P and phospho-fingolimod share the same structural elements of a zwitterionic headgroup and lipophilic tail, a variety of chemotypes have been found to show S1P(1) receptor agonism. Here we describe a study of the tolerance of the S1P(1) and S1P(3) receptors toward bicyclic heterocycles of systematically varied shape and connectivity incorporating acidic, basic, or zwitterionic headgroups. We compare their physicochemical properties, their performance in in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic models, and their efficacy in peripheral lymphocyte lowering. The campaign resulted in the identification of several potent S1P(1) receptor agonists with good selectivity vs S1P(3) receptors, efficacy at <1 mg/kg oral doses, and developability properties suitable for progression into preclinical development.
phenol as a directing group, high regioselectivity, good substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and high efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a regioselective C−H alkenylation of unprotected phenols utilizing phenolic hydroxyl group as a directing group. The alkenylation of unprotected tyrosine and intramolecular cyclization are also successfully carried out under
Visible-Light-Induced C(sp<sup>2</sup>)–C(sp<sup>3</sup>) Coupling Reaction for the Regioselective Synthesis of 3-Functionalized Coumarins
作者:Ke Zhang、Li Qiao、Jianwei Xie、Zhenwei Lin、Hanjie Li、Ping Lu、Yanguang Wang
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.1c00848
日期:2021.7.16
A photocatalysis strategy for the regioselective synthesis of 3-functionalized coumarins is reported. With visible light irradiation, a direct and regioselective C(sp2)–C(sp3) coupling reaction of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acrylates with ethers or thioethers occurs by using Ru(bpy)3Cl2·6H2O as a photocatalyst and TBHP as an oxidant. The cascade process involves alkenylation of the C(sp3)–H bond of ethers
[EN] 1, 2, 4 -OXADIAZOLE COMPOUNDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE 1,2,4-OXADIAZOLE POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE MALADIES AUTO-IMMUNES
申请人:GLAXO GROUP LTD
公开号:WO2009080730A1
公开(公告)日:2009-07-02
The present invention relates to novel oxadiazole derivatives of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof thereof. Compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are of use in the treatment of conditions or disorders which are mediated via the S1 P1 receptor. In particular the compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are of use in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory disorders, asthma, inflammatory neuropathies, arthritis, transplantation, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosis, psoriasis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, solid tumours, and tumour metastasis, diseases associated with angiogenesis, vascular diseases, pain conditions, acute viral diseases, inflammatory bowel conditions, insulin and non-insulin dependant diabetes.
1, 2, 4 -OXADIAZOLE COMPOUNDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
申请人:Heer Jag Paul
公开号:US20100273770A1
公开(公告)日:2010-10-28
The present invention relates to novel oxadiazole derivatives having pharmacological activity, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of various disorders.