Synthesis and Evaluation of the Cytotoxicities of Tetraindoles: Observation that the 5-Hydroxy Tetraindole (SK228) Induces G2 Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells
摘要:
Current chemical and biological interest in indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its metabolites has resulted in the discovery of new biologically active indoles. As part of a program aimed at the development of indole analogues, tetraindoles 1-15 were prepared and their antiproliferative effects on human breast cancer cells were evaluated. The results show that the 5-hydroxy-tetraindole 8 (SK228) has optimum antiproliferative activity against breast adenocarcinoma (MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231) cells and that this activity involves G(2)-phase arrest of the cell cycle with a distinctive increase in the expression of cyclin B1 and phospho-cdc2. Further observations suggest that 5-hydroxy-tetraindole 8 induces apoptosis through externalization of membrane phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation, and activation of caspase-3. Given the fact that I3C and its metabolites have been shown to improve therapeutic efficacy and to have a broad range of antitumor activities in human cancer cells, the current findings have important pharmacological relevance as they open a promising route to the development of a potential chemotherapeutic application of tetraindoles as agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
BiVO 4 -NPs可用作促进双香豆素,双(吲哚基)甲烷和3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1 H)-ones(thiones)衍生物合成的有效且可重复使用的纳米催化剂。产物的结构通过IR,1 H NMR和13 C NMR光谱表征,并与真实样品进行比较。简便的后处理程序,优异的收率,较短的反应时间和催化剂的可重复使用性是这项工作的一些优势。另外,在本文中并且首次报道了从醛的被保护的衍生物包括肟,半咔唑酮和1,1-二乙酸酯制备3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1 H)-酮和-硫酮的报道。
BiVO4-NPs: an efficient nano-catalyst for the synthesis of biscoumarins, bis(indolyl)methanes and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (thiones) derivatives
作者:Farhad Shirini、Monireh Pourghasemi Lati
DOI:10.1007/s13738-016-0959-y
日期:2017.1
4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (thiones) derivatives. The structures of the products were characterized by IR, 1HNMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy and comparison with the authentic samples. Easy work-up procedure, excellent yields, short reaction times and reusability of the catalyst are some advantages of this work. In addition, in this article and for the first time, the preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones
BiVO 4 -NPs可用作促进双香豆素,双(吲哚基)甲烷和3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1 H)-ones(thiones)衍生物合成的有效且可重复使用的纳米催化剂。产物的结构通过IR,1 H NMR和13 C NMR光谱表征,并与真实样品进行比较。简便的后处理程序,优异的收率,较短的反应时间和催化剂的可重复使用性是这项工作的一些优势。另外,在本文中并且首次报道了从醛的被保护的衍生物包括肟,半咔唑酮和1,1-二乙酸酯制备3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1 H)-酮和-硫酮的报道。
Synthesis and Evaluation of the Cytotoxicities of Tetraindoles: Observation that the 5-Hydroxy Tetraindole (SK228) Induces G<sub>2</sub> Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Current chemical and biological interest in indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its metabolites has resulted in the discovery of new biologically active indoles. As part of a program aimed at the development of indole analogues, tetraindoles 1-15 were prepared and their antiproliferative effects on human breast cancer cells were evaluated. The results show that the 5-hydroxy-tetraindole 8 (SK228) has optimum antiproliferative activity against breast adenocarcinoma (MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231) cells and that this activity involves G(2)-phase arrest of the cell cycle with a distinctive increase in the expression of cyclin B1 and phospho-cdc2. Further observations suggest that 5-hydroxy-tetraindole 8 induces apoptosis through externalization of membrane phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation, and activation of caspase-3. Given the fact that I3C and its metabolites have been shown to improve therapeutic efficacy and to have a broad range of antitumor activities in human cancer cells, the current findings have important pharmacological relevance as they open a promising route to the development of a potential chemotherapeutic application of tetraindoles as agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
Two novel binuclear sulfonic-functionalized ionic liquids: Influence of anion and carbon-spacer on catalytic efficiency for one-pot synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes
from pyrazinium, piperazinium, benzimidazolium, imidazolium mono- or di-cation containing chloride and hydrogen sulfate as counter anion under optimized conditions. It was proved that the new ionic liquids containing two sulfonic imidazole moieties with four-carbon spacer as well as hydrogen sulfate as acidic counter anion were superior to the previously reported ionic liquids.
合成了两种新的具有四碳间隔基的双核磺酸官能化离子液体,并通过FTIR,MS,1 H和13对其结构进行了表征1 H NMR; 然后确定特定任务的新型离子液体水溶液的一些物理性质和pH值。研究了它们在温和条件下的双溶剂催化活性,以合成双(吲哚基)甲烷。在优化的条件下,将这些离子液体的催化活性与衍生自吡嗪鎓,哌嗪鎓,苯并咪唑鎓,咪唑鎓单或二阳离子的氯化物和硫酸氢盐作为抗衡阴离子的某些离子液体进行了比较。事实证明,含有两个带有四个碳间隔基的磺酸咪唑部分以及硫酸氢盐作为酸性抗衡阴离子的新型离子液体优于以前报道的离子液体。