Triethyl citrate is hydrolyzed in vivo to citric acid and ethanol. Triethyl citrate appeared to be hydrolyzed at a slower rate with human serum compared to rat serum.
Samples of freshly collected rat or human serum were spiked with triethyl citrate and the disappearance of the triethyl citrate measured over a 4 hr period. Triethyl citrate was rapidly hydrolysed by rat serum (15 min), but hydrolysisoccurred at a much slower rate in human serum and was not complete at the end of the 4 hr test period.
/Triethyl citrate/ is expected to be extensively metabolized by esterases and cytochrome P450 enzymes and break-down in the beta-oxidation or citric acid cycle or in cases subsequent glucuronidation. The substance is assumed to be excreted (if not metabolized completely in beta-oxidation and citric cycle) as metabolites (i.e. conjugates with glucuronic acid) via urine and to a lower extent via bile.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Triethyl citrate is a colorless, oily liquid with bitter taste. It is used as solvent and plasticizer for nitrocellulose and natural resins, softener, paint removers, agglutinant, perfume base, food additive (not over 0.25%) as an emulsifier and as a flavor-preserving agent. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Triethyl citrate 20% in petrolatum was not a primary irritant or sensitizer in human studies. ANIMAL STUDIES: Triethyl citrate, applied undiluted during epidermal induction, was a strong sensitizer in a guinea pig maximization test. Triethyl citrate 33.3% produced irritation in rabbit eyes. Intravenous administration of a 100 mg/kg bw dose of triethyl citrate to rabbits produced a marked increase in motor activity and respiration. A group of 20 mice given intraperitoneal doses of 350 mg/kg bw of triethyl citrate daily for 14 days had a slightly lower mean growth rate than control animals. No differences were seen in the two groups in erythrocyte and leucocyte blood cell count, clotting time and hemoglobin levels. Examination of the liver, lung and kidney tissues of two animals at necropsy revealed no pathological cellular changes. At doses ranging from 0.5 to 10 mg/kg b.w. triethyl citrate was nonteratogenic in the chicken embryo. Ames test using triethyl citrate (0.4%-1.6%) on Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA1538 was negative with and without metabolic activation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类无致癌性(未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶和通过吞食被吸收进人体。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
吸入症状
咳嗽。
Cough.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
眼睛症状
红色。
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
In order to assess the toxicological behavior of triethyl citrate, the available experimental and predicted physico-chemical data have been evaluated. The substance is expected to be absorbed very well. The absorption of any metabolite of the substances of interest is fast and complete. Concerning the absorption after exposure via inhalation, as the chemical has a low vapor pressure, it is clear, that the substance is poorly available after inhalation. Given its lipophilicity (LogPow 1.17) - if absorbed - it is expected to be absorbed directly across the respiratory tract epithelium. The substance is expected to be also poorly absorbed following dermal exposure into the stratum corneum and to a certain extent into the epidermis, due to its molecular weight and its LogPow. In addition, the systemic toxicity via the skin is assumed to be low and this has been proven with the results of the acute dermal study with triethyl citrate, in which a LD50 of 5000 mg/kg bw has been obtained. Concerning the distribution in the body, triethyl citrate is expected to be mainly available in the circulatory system (due to its water solubility). The experimentally determined LogPow value, the water solubility and predicted behavior concerning absorption of the substance triethyl citrate do not indicate a potential for accumulation.
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989