Imidazolium and 4,5-dihydroimidazolium carbene–CuCl complexes effectively catalyzed the substitution reaction of allylic compounds with Grignard reagents in an SN2′-selective fashion. It was noteworthy that the amount of the imidazolium carbene-CuCl complex could be reduced to 0.001 mol% and the catalysis recorded a high TON (105). Based on the experimental results, the ate-type complex(es) such as
咪唑鎓和4,5-二氢
咪唑鎓卡宾-CuCl络合物以S N 2'选择性方式有效催化了烯丙基化合物与
格氏试剂的取代反应。值得注意的是,
咪唑碳烯-CuCl络合物的量可减少至0.001 mol%,并且催化记录的TON很高(10 5)。根据实验结果,推测诸如[(
咪唑基卡宾)-CuR 2 ] -(MgX)+的盐型配合物为活性物质。