After oral exposure methyl acetate is partially cleaved in the gastrointestinal tract into methanol and acetic acid by esterases of the gastric mucosa. The ester is furthermore hydrolysed by esterases of the blood. Similarly, after inhalation exposure of rats to a concentration of 2,000 ppm (6,040 mg/cu m) blood concentrations less than 4.6 mg/L were determined. ... Inhalation exposure at saturation conditions results in the occurrence of methyl acetate in blood.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
甲基乙酸的生物转化通过血液和组织中的非特异性羧酸酯酶迅速将化合物水解为甲醇和乙酸。
... Biotransformation of methyl acetate takes place by rapid hydrolysis of the compound into methanol and acetic acid by the nonspecific carboxylic esterases in the blood and tissues. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
使用人类受试者已经证明,甲基乙酯通过代谢水解转化为甲醇和乙酸的进程与暴露水平成正比。
... With human subjects /it has been shown/ that metabolic hydrolysis of methyl acetate to methanol and acetic acid proceeds directly proportional to exposure level.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Methyl Acetate is a colorless, volatile liquid, which is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, acetylcellulose; in many resins and oils and in the manufacture of artificial leather. It is also used in paint remover compounds, lacquer solvent, intermediate, and synthetic flavoring. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: The vapor is mild irritant to the eyes and respiratory system and at high concentrations can cause CNS depression. Accidental human exposure to methyl acetate vapor for 45 minutes resulted in severe headache and somnolence lasting about 6 hr. In another case report, a teenage girl experienced acute blindness following inhalation of vapor from lacquer thinner. It was determined that methanol and methyl acetate vapors caused optic neuropathy that led to the blindness. At high concentrations, methyl acetate may cause mild to severe methanol intoxication from ingestion, inhalation, or possible skin contact. ANIMAL STUDIES: Inhalation exposure of 4 rats to a saturated atmosphere of methyl acetate (in 25 L bottles) induced narcotic effects in the animals after 10 to 20 min. After decapitation at this time-point concentrations of 70-80 mg methyl acetate/100 mL were found in the blood. Similar experiments with inhalation exposure to methanol showed that the narcotic effects are mainly induced by methyl acetate. Cats exposed to 10,560 ppm methyl acetate vapor suffered from irritation of the eyes and salivation. Rats were exposed (at 10,000 ppm in ambient air) to a thinner containing methyl acetate (12.6%) in a plastic container for 10 min at 10 min intervals (2 times/day, 6 days/wk, for 12-14 mo). Body weight gain was suppressed compared to controls. Electron microscopic exam of slices of the cerebral cortex showed increased abnormal cristae of mitochondria in the neurons and axons and increased number of endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes and dilated Golgi apparatus in the neurons. Increased lysosomes and lipid materials were observed in neurons, suggesting a degenerative process. Methyl acetate did not produce an increase in revertants in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 1538, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA, in the absence or presence of metabolic activation. Methyl acetate was tested up to 5,000 ug/plate. Negative results were obtained in a study using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1538 with or without metabolic activation system, when tested up to 10,000 ug/plate. This study employed a 20-minute preincubation period. Biotransformation of methyl acetate takes place by rapid hydrolysis of the compound into methanol and acetic acid by the nonspecific carboxylic esterases in the blood and tissues.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其蒸气被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
暴露途径
吸入,吞食,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
After oral administration to rabbits, methyl acetate was hydrolysed to methanol and acetic acid. The animals received a dosage of 20 mL/kg bw of a 5% aqueous solution (1,000 mg/kg). Methanol concentration was analysed in the blood from 30 minutes after application up to 5 hours. Methyl acetate could not be detected in any sample whereas methanol was found in blood and urine already after 30 min. Peak concentrations of methanol in the blood were measured after 3 hours and amounted to 0.573 mg/mL. Following oral application methyl acetate is hydrolysed in the gut. Therefore, in blood and urine only methanol and acetic acid were found, not methyl acetate. Similarly, after inhalation exposure in blood and urine only the products of hydrolysis were detectable. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
甲基乙酸酯很容易被肺部吸收。
Methyl acetate is readily absorbed /in/ the lungs.
Observations and Model Simulations of Carbon Monoxide Emission Factors from a California Highway
摘要:
A series of twelve intensively monitored 1-hr CO dispersion studies were conducted near Davis, CA, in winter 1996. The experimental equipment included twelve CO sampling ports at elevations up to 50 m, three sonic anemometers, a tethersonde station, aircraft measurements of wind and temperature profile aloft, and a variety of conventional meteorological equipment. The study was designed to explore the role of vehicular exhaust buoyancy during worst-case meteorological conditions, such as low winds oriented in near-parallel alignment with the road during a surface-based nocturnal inversion. From the study, field estimates of the CO emission factor (EF) from a California vehicle fleet were computed using two different methods. The analysis suggests that the CT-EMFAC/EMFAC (EMission FACtor) models currently used to conduct federal conformity modeling significantly overpredict CO emissions for high-speed, free-flowing traffic on California highways.
Cyclobutanonesvia the (1-Oxycyclopropyl)methanol Route
作者:Ernest Wenkert、Norman F. Golob、Robert P. Hatch、David Wenkert、Roberto Pellicciari
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19770600102
日期:1977.1.26
1-oxycyclopropyl structure, prapared mostly from α-alkoxy-α,β-unsaturated ketnnes and esters by way of reductinn and Simmons-Smith reaction of the resultant α-alkoxyallyl alcohols, are shown to rearrange into cyclobutanones on acid treatment (cf. Scheme 1).
[EN] SUBSTITUTED BENZYLAMINE COMPOUNDS, THEIR USE IN MEDICINE, AND IN PARTICULAR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) INFECTION<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE BENZYLAMINE SUBSTITUÉS, LEUR UTILISATION EN MÉDECINE, EN PARTICULIER DANS LE TRAITEMENT D'UNE INFECTION PAR LE VIRUS DE L'HÉPATITE C (VHC)
申请人:ASTEX THERAPEUTICS LTD
公开号:WO2013064538A1
公开(公告)日:2013-05-10
The invention provides compounds of the formula (I): or a salt, N-oxide or tautomer thereof, wherein A is CH, CF or nitrogen; E is CH, CF or nitrogen; and R0 is hydrogen or C1-2 alkyl; R1a is selected from CONH2; CO2H; an optionally substituted acyclic C1-8 hydrocarbon group; and an optionally substituted monocyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group of 3 to 7 ring members, of which 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 are heteroatom ring members selected from O, N and S; R2 is selected from hydrogen and a group R2a; R2a is selected from an optionally substituted acyclic d-8 hydrocarbon group; an optionally substituted monocyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group of 3 to 7 ring members, of which 0, 1 or 2 ring members are heteroatom ring members selected from O, N and S; and an optionally substituted bicyclic heterocyclic group of 9 or 10 ring members, of which 1 or 2 ring members are nitrogen atoms; wherein at least one of R1 and R2 is other than hydrogen; R3 is an optionally substituted 3- to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring containing 0, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom ring members selected from N, O and S; R4a is selected from halogen; cyano; C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; C1-4 alkoxy optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; hydroxy-C1-4 alkyl; and C1-2 alkoxy-C1-4 alkyl; R5 is selected from hydrogen and a substituent R5a; and R5a is selected from C1-2 alkyl optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; C1-3 alkoxy optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; halogen; cyclopropyl; cyano; and amino, The compounds have activity against hepatitis C virus and can be used in the prevention or treatment of hepatitis C viral infections.
[EN] COMPOUNDS INHIBITING LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE ENZYME ACTIVITY<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS INHIBANT L'ACTIVITÉ ENZYMATIQUE DE LA KINASE À MOTIFS RÉPÉTÉS RICHES EN LEUCINE
申请人:MERCK SHARP & DOHME
公开号:WO2014137723A1
公开(公告)日:2014-09-12
The present invention is directed to indazole compounds which are potent inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the LRRK2 kinase is involved, such as Parkinson's Disease. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which LRRK-2 kinase is involved.
[EN] COMPOUNDS INHIBITING LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE ENZYME ACTIVITY<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS INHIBANT L'ACTIVITÉ ENZYMATIQUE DE LA KINASE À SÉQUENCE RÉPÉTÉE RICHE EN LEUCINE
申请人:MERCK SHARP & DOHME
公开号:WO2014134774A1
公开(公告)日:2014-09-12
Disclosed are indazole compounds which are potent inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase and useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which LRRK2 kinase is involved. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which LRRK2 kinase is involved.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Natural <i>cis</i>-Dihydroarenediols Using Tetrahydroxynaphthalene Reductase and Its Biosynthetic Implications
作者:Nirmal Saha、Michael Müller、Syed Masood Husain
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00500
日期:2019.4.5
Asymmetric reduction of hydroxynaphthoquinones to secondary metabolites, (3S,4R)-3,4,8- and (2S,4R)-2,4,8-trihydroxy-1-tetralone, a putative biosynthetic diketo intermediate and a probable natural analogue, (3S,4R)-7-acetyl-3,4,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalene-1(2H)-one, using NADPH-dependent tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase (T4HNR) of Magnaporthe grisea is described. This work implies