prednisone | 53-03-2

• 物质功能分类: 原料药 - 激素及调节内分泌功能类药 - 肾上腺皮质激素类药
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 类固醇和类固醇衍生物
• 英文名称: prednisone
• 英文别名: 17,21-dihydroxy-pregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione；Δ^1,4-Pregnadien-17α,21-diol-3,11,20-trion；Δ^1.4-Pregnadien-17α.21-diol-3.11.20-trion；17α,21-Dihydroxy-pregna-1,4-dien-3,11,20-trion (IIa)；17α,21-Dihydroxy-pregnadien-(1,4)-trion-(3,11,20)；17α.21-Dihydroxy-3.11.20-trioxo-pregnadien-(1.4)；(10R,13S,17R)-17-hydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione
• CAS: 53-03-2
• 化学式: C₂₁H₂₆O₅
• 分子量: 358.434
• InChiKey: XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-BDQMTFAOSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  236-238 °C(lit.)
• 比旋光度：
  169 º (c=0.5, dioxane)
• 沸点：
  410.86°C (rough estimate)
• 密度：
  1.1121 (rough estimate)
• 闪点：
  >200℃
• 溶解度：
  几乎不溶于水，微溶于乙醇(96%)和二氯甲烷。它显示多态性(5.9)。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.5
• 重原子数：
  26
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  4.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.67
• 拓扑面积：
  91.7
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  5

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  Xn
• 安全说明：
  S36/37/39,S45
• 危险品运输编号：
  NONH for all modes of transport
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  2937210000
• 危险类别码：
  R63
• RTECS号：
  TU4154100
• 储存条件：
  主要用于治疗各种急性严重细菌感染、严重过敏性疾病、胶原性疾病（如红斑狼疮、结节性动脉周围炎等）、风湿病、类风湿性关节炎、肾病综合征、严重支气管哮喘、血小板减少性紫癜、粒细胞减少症、急性淋巴性白血病、各种肾上腺皮质功能不全症、剥脱性皮炎、天疱疮、神经性皮炎和湿疹等。

SDS

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Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
Prednisone
Common Name/
Trade Name
Prednisone

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Section 4. First Aid Measures
Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least
Eye Contact
15 minutes. Cold water may be used. WARM water MUST be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops.
Skin Contact
Serious Skin Contact Not available.
Inhalation If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get
medical attention.
Not available.
Serious Inhalation
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an
Ingestion
unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight
clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
Not available.
Serious Ingestion

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Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature Not available.
Not available.
Flash Points
Not available.
Flammable Limits
These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).
Products of Combustion
Fire Hazards in Presence of Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat.
Various Substances
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
Explosion Hazards in
Slightly explosive in presence of open flames and sparks.
Presence of Various
Substances
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.
Fire Fighting Media
LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
and Instructions
Material in powder form, capable of creating a dust explosion. As with most organic solids, fire is possible at elevated
Special Remarks on
temperatures
Fire Hazards
Fine dust dispersed in air in sufficient concentrations, and in the presence of an ignition source is a potential dust
Special Remarks on
explosion hazard.
Explosion Hazards

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Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading
Small Spill
water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on
Large Spill
the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
Prednisone

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Section 7. Handling and Storage
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not
Precautions
breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. If you feel unwell, seek medical attention and show the label when
possible. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Material should be stored at a
Storage
temperature less than 40 deg C., preferably between 15-30 deg. C.

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Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below
Engineering Controls
recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to
airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
Personal Protection Safety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to
avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE
of a Large Spill
handling this product.
Not available.
Exposure Limits

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Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Solid. (Solid crystalline powder.) Odorless.
Physical state and O dor
appearance
Bitter. Aftertaste.
Taste
358.43 g/mole
Molecular Weight
White or nearly white.
Color
Not available.
pH (1% soln/water)
Not available.
Boiling Point
Decomposition temperature: 230°C (446°F) - 235 C.
Melting Point
Not available.
Critical Temperature
Not available.
Specific Gravity
Not applicable.
Vapor Pressure
Not available.
Vapor Density
Not available.
Volatility
Not available.
Odor Threshold
Not available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.
Not available.
Ionicity (in Water)
Not available.
Dispersion Properties
Very slightly soluble in cold water.
Solubility
Slightly soluble in methanol.
1 g soluble in 150 ml alcohol.
1 g soluble in 200 ml chloroform.

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Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
The product is stable.
Stability
Not available.
Instability Temperature
Conditions of Instability Excess heat, incompatible materials.
Incompatibility with various Reactive with oxidizing agents.
substances
Prednisone
Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Corrosivity
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Reactivity
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Corrosivity
Will not occur.
Polymerization

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Section 11. Toxicological Information
Inhalation. Ingestion.
Routes of Entry
Toxicity to Animals LD50: Not available.
LC50: Not available.
Chronic Effects on Humans CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: 3 (Not classifiable for human.) by IARC.
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast.
Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Other Toxic Effects on
Humans
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Toxicity to Animals
May cause adverse reproductive effects and cancer based on animal test data.
Special Remarks on
Chronic Effects on Humans May affect genetic material (mutagenic).
Human: small amount excreted in maternal milk.
Acute Potential Health Effects:
Special Remarks on other
Skin: May cause skin irritation. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction.
Toxic Effects on Humans
Eyes: May cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion: May cause gastritis with nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, ulcerative esophagitis, increased
sweating. May affect metabolism and cause disturbance of electrolyte balance which is manifest in the retention of
sodium and water, with edema and hypertension, and in the increased excretion of potassium with the possibility of
hypokalaemic alkalosis. Cardiac faillure may be induced in sensitive individuals.
Chronic Potential Health Effects:
Skin: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause sensitization, an allergic reaction.
Eyes: Prolonged contact with eyes may affect vision (cataracts)
Inhalation/Ingestion: May cause anaphylaxis, an allergic reaction. Prolonged or repeated inhalation or ingestion of
corticosteroids may also cause thinning of the skin, inpaired wound healing and other dermatologic reactions
(erythema, petechiae and ecchymoses).
Ingestion: Prolonged or repeated ingestion of corticosteroids may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention,
peptic ulcer with possible perforation and hemorrhage, possible hypersensitization, swelling of the feet and lower legs
due to electrolyte imbalance and sodium retention, irregular hearbeat, acute adrenal insufficiency, osteoporosis,
muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, vertebral compression fractures, pathologic fracture of long bones, aseptic
necrosis of femoral and humeral heads, effect glucose tolerance (causing decreased carbohydrate tolerance resulting
in manifestations of latent Diabetes melliltus, increased requirements for insulin or oral hypoglycemifcagents in
diabetes), the liver, pancreas (pancreatitis), eyes/vision (cataracts, glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure),
behavior/central nervous system/nervous system (mental disturbances such as psychosis, euphoria, depression, vertigo,
headache, convulsions, increased intracranial pressure with papilledema). It may also effect the immune system
(immunosuppressant). Repeated large doses of corticosteroids may produce Cushingoid symptoms typical of
hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex, with moon-face, sometimes hirsutism, buffalo hump, flushing, increased bruising,
ecchymoses, striae, and acne.
Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure: Hypersensivity to material, ocular herpes simplex, active alcoholism,
AIDS or HIV infection, heart disease or hypertension, diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, impaired kidney or liver
function, esophagitis, gastritis or peptic ulcer, chickenpox or measles (including recent exposure), recent intestinal
surgery, tuberculosis, and system fungal infections.
Note: The above information came from Physicians GenRx - Drug Information, 1995 or was extrapolated from
information for Corticosteriods found in a reference called Martindale.
Prednisone

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Section 12. Ecological Information
Not available.
Ecotoxicity
Not available.
BOD5 and COD
Products of Biodegradation Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may
arise.
The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.
Toxicity of the Products
of Biodegradation
Not available.
Special Remarks on the
Products of Biodegradation

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Section 13. Disposal Considerations
Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control
Waste Disposal
regulations.

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Section 14. Transport Information
Not a DOT controlled material (United States).
DO T Cl assi fi cati on
Not applicable.
Identification
Not applicable.
Special Provisions for
Transport
DO T (Pi ctograms)

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Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
New Jersey: Prednisone
Federal and State
TSCA 8(b) inventory: Prednisone
Regulations
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found to
California
cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
Proposition 65
Warnings
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found to
cause birth defects which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS No.
Other Regulations
200-160-3).
Canada: Listed on Canadian Non-Domestic Substance List (NDSL).
China: Not listed on National Inventory.
Japan: Listed on National Inventory (ENCS).
Korea: Listed on National Inventory (KECI).
Philippines: Not listed on National Inventory (PICCS).
Australia: Listed on AICS.
WHMIS (Canada) Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
Other Classifications
Not available Not applicable.
DSCL (EEC)
Health Hazard
HMIS (U.S.A.) 1 National Fire Protection
1 Flammability
1 Association (U.S.A.)
Fire Hazard
1 0 Reactivity
Health
Reactivity 0
Specific hazard
Personal Protection
E
Prednisone
WHMIS (Canada)
(Pictograms)
DSCL (Europe)
(Pictograms)
TDG(Canada)
(Pictograms)
ADR (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Protective Equipment
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Prednisone
CALL [phone]
Notice to Reader
All chemicals may pose unknown hazards and should be used withcaution. This Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) applies only to the material as packaged. If this product is combined with other materials,
deteriorates, or becomes contaminated, it may pose hazards not mentioned inthis MSDS. It shall be the user's responsibility to develop proper methods of handling and personal protection based onthe actual

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

根据提供的信息,泼尼松的主要用途和特点包括:

1. 用于治疗体内严重感染性疾病,如中毒性菌痢、中毒性肺炎等。

2. 具有抗炎、抗过敏作用,可用于以下疾病:

• 中毒型细菌性痢疾
• 风湿性疾病
• 过敏性疾病
• 肾病综合征
• 某些血液病

3. 用于内科急症抢救:

• 重症感染
• 大手术后
• 器官移植术前术后

4. 可以与化疗药物联合使用,改善病人的一般情况。

5. 在神经科方面,研究发现小剂量泼尼松可有效控制视神经脊髓炎(NMO)的复发。

6. 老年患者长期使用需谨慎,易发生高血压和骨质疏松等问题。

7. 妊娠期妇女应权衡利弊使用,哺乳期妇女不宜大剂量给药。

8. 对儿童和青少年需按体重、年龄调整用药量,避免影响生长发育。

9. 长期大量应用时需补充蛋白质饮食,注意观察不良反应并逐渐减量停药。

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-((10S,13S,17R)-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-3-oxo-2,3,6,7,8,10,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate 在 甲烷磺酸 、 2,2-二溴-3-次氮基丙酰胺 、 水 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 丙酮 为溶剂， 反应 48.0h， 生成 prednisone
  参考文献：
  名称：

  甾体化合物的制备方法和应用

  摘要：

  本发明提供了一种甾体化合物的制备方法和应用，涉及化学合成技术领域。甾体化合物的合成方法，包括如下步骤：(a)将化合物I、酸性催化剂和溴化剂加入第一溶剂中，在0‑10℃进行9,11‑溴羟反应，得到化合物II；(b)将化合物II、脱溴剂和羰基保护剂加入第二溶剂中，在70‑80℃进行重排反应，得到化合物III；(c)将化合物III加入接种有简单诺卡氏菌和灰色链霉菌接的发酵培养基中，在25‑35℃进行生物转化，得到化合物IV。本发明提供一种新型无金属、操作简便、收率较高的制备路线。

  公开号：

  CN114315943A

文献信息

• PHOSPHONATE COMPOUNDS HAVING IMMUNO-MODULATORY ACTIVITY
  申请人：Cannizzaro Carina

  公开号：US20090227543A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-09-10

  The invention is related to phosphonate substituted compounds having immuno-modulatory activity, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds, as well as to processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

  本发明涉及磷酸酯取代化合物，具有免疫调节活性，含有这种化合物的组合物，以及包括这种化合物的给药的治疗方法，还涉及用于制备这种化合物的有用过程和中间体。
• ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PHOSPHONATE COMPOUNDS
  申请人：Cannizzaro Carina

  公开号：US20090247488A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-10-01

  The invention is related to phosphorus substituted anti-inflammatory compounds, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds, as well as to processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

  本发明涉及磷取代的抗炎化合物、含有这种化合物的组合物、包括给药这种化合物的治疗方法，以及用于制备这种化合物的有用过程和中间体。
• COMBINATION OF STEROIDS HAVING TRANSPORTER-ENHANCED CORTICOSTEROID ACTIVITY
  申请人：Bodor, Nicholas S.

  公开号：EP2026818B1

  公开（公告）日：2010-12-22
• TAGGING REAGENTS AND METHODS FOR HYDROXYLATED COMPOUNDS
  申请人：DH Technologies Development Pte. Ltd.

  公开号：EP2054540B1

  公开（公告）日：2014-11-26
• Novel conjugate compounds and dermatological compositions thereof
  申请人：Tamarkin Dov

  公开号：US20070249571A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-10-25

  The invention relates to novel cosmetic and dermatological compositions, comprising conjugate compounds, including a dicarboxylic acid moiety, which is covalently linked through covalent bonds to a biologically active alcohol, selected from the group of steroidal hormones, steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, vitamin E and vitamin D.