The First Generation of Azulenyl-Lithium and -Magnesium: A Novel, Versatile Method of Introducing a Substituent at the 2-Position of an Azulene Skeleton
electron-withdrawing substituents in the five-membered ring. Similarly, VNS amination of azulenes proceeds with 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole; its anion, being an active nucleophile, also reacts with unsubstituted azulene. A variety of transformations of 6-hydroxyazulenes, such as substitution of the corresponding sulfonates with nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, carbon nucleophiles and halogens, and the Claisen rearrangement
Azulene – Thiophene – Cyanoacrylic acid dyes with donor-π-acceptor structures. Synthesis, characterisation and evaluation in dye-sensitized solar cells
作者:Paul Cowper、Adam Pockett、Gabriele Kociok-Köhn、Petra J. Cameron、Simon E. Lewis
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.043
日期:2018.5
dyes, having D-π-A type structures. These dyes are synthesised using a sulfonium salt cross-coupling reaction. The dyes have been evaluated spectroscopically, electrochemically, crystallographically, and as sensitizers in dye-sensitizedsolarcells. We propose a rationale for the dyes' spectroscopic properties and performance in cells, based on conformational data derived from their crystal structures
Anthracene is selectively chlorinated with solid copper(II) chloride to give a quantitative yield of 9-chloroanthracene. The tentative reaction mechanisms so far proposed fail to explain the nonreactivity of some other hydrocarbon homologues, e.g. naphthalene and phenanthrene, toward copper(II) chloride. The present study revealed that the oxidative half-wave potentials (E1⁄2ox) of all reactive hydrocarbon
蒽用固体氯化铜 (II) 选择性氯化,得到定量的 9-氯蒽。迄今为止提出的暂定反应机制未能解释一些其他烃同系物(例如萘和菲)对氯化铜 (II) 的非反应性。本研究表明,所有反应性烃类同系物的氧化半波电位 (E1⁄2ox) 均小于 1.26 V。基于这一发现,我们假设一个反应机制涉及从烃类到氯化铜 (II) 的一个电子转移.
First Introduction of an Azulenyl Group into the Bismuth and Antimony Center. Synthesis and Structure of Azulenylbismuthanes and Their Difluorides
作者:A. F. M. Mustafizur Rahman、Toshihiro Murafuji、Kei Kurotobi、Yoshikazu Sugihara、Nagao Azuma
DOI:10.1021/om040053f
日期:2004.12.1
azulenylbismuthanes into the pentacoordinated difluorides by xenondifluoride promotes the π-polarization of the azulene nucleus, which is detected as a color change in solution as well as changes in the chemical shifts of the 13C NMR spectra. A similar tendency is observed in the antimony congeners. The X-ray crystallographic study of (1,3-dichloro-2-azulenyl)diphenylbismuth difluoride (20b) reveals that intermolecular
源自氮杂,的非交替有机基配体(1,3-二氯-2-氮杂烯基)首次引入到铋和锑中心。通过二氟化氙将a烯基双muthanes转化为五配位二氟化物可促进promote核的π极化,这可通过溶液中的颜色变化以及13 C NMR光谱的化学位移的变化进行检测。在锑同类物中观察到类似的趋势。(1,3-二氯-2-氮杂烯基)二苯基二氟化铋(20b)揭示了通过五元环与七元环的相互作用在氮杂烯基之间发生了分子间π-π堆积。这可能反映了二氟化物的极化度更高的a烯基,从而加强了堆叠相互作用。
Formation of Azulenequinone Derivatives from Variously Functionalized Azulenes by Bromine-oxidation
AbstractVariously functionalized 1,5‐ and 1,7‐azulenequinones were easily derived in one‐pot in 30‐50% yield from the bromine‐oxidation of 2‐methoxyazulene and 2‐methyl derivatives of 1‐cyano‐, 1‐methoxycarbonyl‐ and its 7‐isopropyl derivatives, while 1‐methoxycarbonylazulene afforded several unstable products from which we could not isolate any azulenequinones. 1‐Acetylazulene afforded 3‐bromo‐1,5‐ and ‐1,7‐azulenequinones via side‐chain brominated intermediates in high yield. 1,3‐Dichloroazulene afforded a mixture of 3‐chloro‐1,5‐ and −1,7‐azulenequinones, while 1‐fluoro‐ and 1,3‐diiodoazulene gave a mixture of 3‐bromoazulenequinones. Analogous oxidation of 1,3‐difluoroazulene produced 3‐fluoroazulenequinones, but we could not isolate them due to its instability. Hydroxy group of 2‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)azulene was intact during this quinone formation reaction.