Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient element, and the biological significance of Se is predominantly dependent on its incorporation as selenocysteine (Sec), the genetically encoded 21st amino acid in protein synthesis, into the active site of selenoproteins, which have broad functions, ranging from redox regulation and anti-inflammation to the production of active thyroid hormones. Compared to its counterpart Cys, there are only limited probes for selective recognition of Sec, and such selectivity is strictly restricted at low pH conditions. We reported herein the design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of a series of potential Sec probes based on the mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic substitution. After the initial screening, the structural determinants for selective recognition of Sec were recapitulated. The follow-up studies identified that probe 19 (Sel-green) responds to Sec and other selenols with more than 100-fold increase of emission in neutral aqueous solution (pH 7.4), while there is no significant interference from the biological thiols, amines, or alcohols. Sel-green was successfully applied to quantify the Sec content in the selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase and image endogenous Sec in live HepG2 cells. With the aid of Sel-green, we further demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of different selenocompounds is correlated to their ability metabolizing to selenols in cells. To the best of our knowledge, Sel-green is the first selenol probe that works under physiological conditions. The elucidation of the structure-activity relationship for selective recognition of selenols paves the way for further design of novel probes to better understand the pivotal role of Sec as well as selenoproteins in vivo
Polymer Supported Reagents: Novel Methodology for Selective and General Synthesis of Iminocoumarins
作者:C. Mhiri、R. El Gharbi、Y. Le Bigot
DOI:10.1080/00397919908085966
日期:1999.10
A selective synthesis of iminocoumarins 3 was accomplished, starting from salicylaldehydes 1 and nitriles 2, by the use of Amberlite IRA 900 resin as a polymeric solid support. The possibility of using various arylacetonitriles enhances the synthetic versatility of this strategy.
Synthesis of New Iminocoumarins Bearing Parabanic Moieties
作者:Leila Benmaktouf、Houcine Ammar、Yves Le Bigot、Souhir Abid
DOI:10.1080/00397911003710562
日期:2011.3.3
[image omitted] The synthesis of novel substituted 3-p-nitro-phenyliminocoumarins and corresponding N-ureaiminocoumarins is described. The condensation of these materials with oxalyl chloride leads to the corresponding N-parabanic iminocoumarins, which have not previously been described, in moderate or good yields and high selectivity. The structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, 1H and 13C NMR, and elemental analysis.
US4260776A
申请人:——
公开号:US4260776A
公开(公告)日:1981-04-07
Copper-Catalyzed Imino C–N Bond Formation with Aryl Boronic Acids under Aerobic Conditions
作者:A. Kumar、Prashant Mandal
DOI:10.1055/s-0035-1561382
日期:——
A copper-catalyzed, ligand- and base-free C–N cross-coupling reaction of iminochromenes with arylboronicacids in a nontoxic ethanol solvent at room temperature underair is developed. The product yields are found to be good to moderate. The conservation of the sensitive imine functional group implies the mildness of this protocol
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient element, and the biological significance of Se is predominantly dependent on its incorporation as selenocysteine (Sec), the genetically encoded 21st amino acid in protein synthesis, into the active site of selenoproteins, which have broad functions, ranging from redox regulation and anti-inflammation to the production of active thyroid hormones. Compared to its counterpart Cys, there are only limited probes for selective recognition of Sec, and such selectivity is strictly restricted at low pH conditions. We reported herein the design, synthesis, and biological evaluations of a series of potential Sec probes based on the mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic substitution. After the initial screening, the structural determinants for selective recognition of Sec were recapitulated. The follow-up studies identified that probe 19 (Sel-green) responds to Sec and other selenols with more than 100-fold increase of emission in neutral aqueous solution (pH 7.4), while there is no significant interference from the biological thiols, amines, or alcohols. Sel-green was successfully applied to quantify the Sec content in the selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase and image endogenous Sec in live HepG2 cells. With the aid of Sel-green, we further demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of different selenocompounds is correlated to their ability metabolizing to selenols in cells. To the best of our knowledge, Sel-green is the first selenol probe that works under physiological conditions. The elucidation of the structure-activity relationship for selective recognition of selenols paves the way for further design of novel probes to better understand the pivotal role of Sec as well as selenoproteins in vivo