First synthesis, characterization, and evidence for the presence of hydroxycinnamic acid sulfate and glucuronide conjugates in human biological fluids as a result of coffee consumption
作者:René Fumeaux、Candice Menozzi-Smarrito、Angelique Stalmach、Caroline Munari、Karin Kraehenbuehl、Heike Steiling、Alan Crozier、Gary Williamson、Denis Barron
DOI:10.1039/c0ob00137f
日期:——
A systematic investigation of the human metabolism of hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates was carried out. A set of 24 potential human metabolites of coffee polyphenols has been chemically prepared, and used as analytical standards for unequivocal identifications. These included glucuronide conjugates and sulfate esters of caffeic, ferulic, isoferulic, m-coumaric and p-coumaric acids as well as their dihydro derivatives. A particular focus has been made on caffeic and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid derivatives, especially the sulfate conjugates, for which regioselective preparation was particularly challenging, and have so far never been identified as human metabolites. Ten out of the 24 synthesized conjugates have been identified in human plasma and/or urine after coffee consumption. A number of these conjugates were synthesized, characterized and detected as hydroxycinnamic acid metabolites for the first time. This was the case of dihydroisoferulic acid 3′-O-glucuronide, caffeic acid 3′-sulfate, as well as the sulfate and glucuronide derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid.
对人类对羟基肉桂酸缀合物的代谢进行了系统研究。化学合成了一组24种可能的人类咖啡多酚代谢产物,作为明确鉴定的分析标准。这些包括咖啡酸、阿魏酸、异阿魏酸、m-香豆酸和p-香豆酸的葡萄糖苷缀合物和硫酸酯,以及它们的二氢衍生物。特别关注于咖啡酸和3,4-二羟基苯丙酸衍生物,尤其是硫酸缀合物,其区域选择性合成特别具有挑战性,迄今为止从未被确认作为人类代谢产物。在咖啡消费后,从24种合成的缀合物中,10种已在人体血浆和/或尿液中被确认检测到。这些缀合物中的一些首次被合成、表征并检测为羟基肉桂酸代谢产物。包括3′-O-葡萄糖醛酸二氢异阿魏酸、3′-硫酸咖啡酸,以及3,4-二羟基苯丙酸的硫酸和葡萄糖醛酸衍生物。