d-Fructose- and l-sorbose-derived endo- and exo-hydroxyglycal esters and some of their chemistry
摘要:
Dehydrobrominations of benzoylated beta-D-fructopyranosyl and alpha-L-sorbo-pyranosyl bromides have been examined to obtain suitable conditions for effecting the elimination toward the exo- as well as the endo-positions. In the fructose case, exposure to DBU in acetonitrile generates the exo-hydroxyfructal ester (81%) while refluxing in xylene gives the endo analog (53%). In the L-sorbose case, the regioselectivities are the inverse. Simple reactions of exo- and endo-products provide a series of highly versatile enantiopure six-carbon building blocks, together with a crystalline derivative of the fungal metabolite microthecin. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Structural Probing of Ketone Catalysts for Asymmetric Epoxidation
摘要:
A series of chiral ketones derived from carbohydrates were investigated as catalysts for the asymmetric epoxidation. Fructose-derived ketones are found to be efficient catalysts. The studies show that the structural requirements for the ketone catalysts are very stringent and different types of olefins may require ketones with different structural arrangements. The current study allows us to further understand the chiral ketone catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation and provides some insight for the development of new catalysts.