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美托洛尔 | 51384-51-1

中文名称
美托洛尔
中文别名
1-[4-(2-甲氧基乙基)苯氧基]-3-(异丙基氨基)-2-丙醇
英文名称
(RS)-metoprolol
英文别名
metoprolol;metoprolol tartrate;metroprolol;1-[4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy]-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol
美托洛尔化学式
CAS
51384-51-1
化学式
C15H25NO3
mdl
MFCD00599534
分子量
267.368
InChiKey
IUBSYMUCCVWXPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    35 °C
  • 沸点:
    398.6±37.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.033±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于氯仿(少许)、DMSO(少许)、甲醇(少许)
  • 物理描述:
    Solid
  • Caco2细胞的药物渗透性:
    -4.59
  • 解离常数:
    9.56
  • 碰撞截面:
    172.7 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW, Method: Major Mix IMS/Tof Calibration Kit (Waters)]

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    1.9
  • 重原子数:
    19
  • 可旋转键数:
    9
  • 环数:
    1.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.6
  • 拓扑面积:
    50.7
  • 氢给体数:
    2
  • 氢受体数:
    4

ADMET

代谢
美托洛尔经过肝脏的首过代谢,这一过程大约涵盖了50%的给药剂量。美托洛尔的代谢主要是由CYP2D6的活性驱动的,其次是由于CYP3A4的活性。美托洛尔的代谢主要表现为羟基化和O-去甲基化反应。
Metoprolol goes through significant first-pass hepatic metabolism which covers around 50% of the administered dose. The metabolism of metoprolol is mainly driven by the activity of CYP2D6 and to a lesser extent due to the activity of CYP3A4. The metabolism of metoprolol is mainly represented by reactions of hydroxylation and O-demethylation.
来源:DrugBank
代谢
美托洛尔不抑制或增强其自身的代谢。该药物的主要代谢物通过氧化脱氨、O-脱烷基化随后氧化以及脂肪族羟基化形成;这些代谢物占尿液排泄代谢物总量的85%。这些代谢物显然没有显著的药理活性。羟基化速率,导致alpha-羟基美托洛尔的形成,是由遗传决定的,并且个体间差异较大。美托洛尔差羟基化者的血浆浓度-时间曲线下面积增加,消除半衰期延长(约7.6小时),尿液中未改变药物的浓度较高,而alpha-羟基美托洛尔的尿浓度可忽略不计,与广泛羟基化者相比。在给予单次200毫克美托洛尔酒石酸口服剂量后,对运动引起的β-肾上腺素能阻滞作用至少持续24小时。
Metoprolol does not inhibit or enhance its own metabolism. Three main metabolites of the drug are formed by oxidative deamination, O-dealkylation with subsequent oxidation, and aliphatic hydroxylation; these metabolites account for 85% of the total urinary excretion of metabolites. The metabolites apparently do not have appreciable pharmacologic activity. The rate of hydroxylation, resulting in alpha-hydroxymetoprolol, is genetically determined and is subject to considerable interindividual variation. Poor hydroxylators of metoprolol have increased areas under the plasma concentration-time curves, prolonged elimination half-lives (about 7.6 hours), higher urinary concentrations of unchanged drug, and negligible urinary concentrations of alpha-hydroxymetoprolol compared with extensive hydroxylators. Beta-adrenergic blockade of exercise-induced tachycardia persists for at least 24 hours after administration of a single 200-mg oral dose of metoprolol tartrate in poor hydroxylators.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
对照研究表明,脱布里索喹氧化表型是美托洛尔代谢、药代动力学和一些药理作用的主要决定因素。差代谢者表型与增加的血浆药物浓度、消除半衰期的延长以及更强烈和持续的β受体阻滞有关。美托洛尔对映体的药代动力学也观察到表型差异。体内和体外研究已经识别了一些受缺陷影响的代谢途径,即α-羟基化和O-去甲基化。
Controlled studies have shown that debrisoquine oxidation phenotype is a major determinant of the metabolism, pharmacokinetics and some of the pharmacological actions of metoprolol. The poor metabolizer phenotype is associated with increased plasma drug concentrations, a prolongation of elimination half-life and more intense and sustained beta blockade. Phenotypic differences have also been observed in the pharmacokinetics of the enantiomers of metoprolol. In vivo and in vitro studies have identified some of the metabolic pathways which are subject to the defect, that is alpha-hydroxylation and O-demethylation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
美托洛尔是由R-和S-对映体组成的消旋混合物,主要通过CYP2D6代谢。
Metropolol is a racemic mixture of R-and S-enantiomers, and is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 肝毒性
美托洛尔治疗与血清转氨酶水平轻至中度升高有关,这通常是无需治疗的、短暂的,即使继续治疗也会自行解决。已经报道了少数与美托洛尔明确相关的急性肝损伤的临床案例。鉴于其广泛使用,美托洛尔引起的肝损伤极为罕见。与β-阻滞剂相关的典型肝损伤的发病潜伏期为2到12周,呈现肝细胞模式的肝酶升高。尚未报道过敏反应症状(皮疹、发热、嗜酸性粒细胞增多)和自身抗体的形成。据报道,由于美托洛尔引起的病例包括急性肝衰竭,但最终所有病例在停药后都是自限性的,并且相对较快地得到解决。
Metoprolol therapy has been associated with a low rate of mild-to-moderate elevations of serum aminotransferase levels which are usually asymptomatic and transient and resolve even with continuation of therapy. A few instances of clinically apparent, acute liver injury attributable to metoprolol have been reported. In view of its wide scale use, metoprolol induced liver injury is exceedingly rare. The typical liver injury associated with beta-blockers has a latency to onset of 2 to 12 weeks and a hepatocellular pattern of liver enzyme. Symptoms of hypersensitivity (rash, fever, eosinophilia) and autoantibody formation have not been reported. Reported cases due to metoprolol have included cases of acute liver failure, but ultimately all were self-limiting and resolved fairly rapidly once once drug was stopped.
来源:LiverTox
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
美托洛尔
Compound:metoprolol
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
DILI 注解:较少的药物性肝损伤关注
DILI Annotation:Less-DILI-Concern
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
严重程度等级:5
Severity Grade:5
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
不良反应部分
Label Section:Adverse reactions
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
当美托洛尔口服给药时,它几乎完全在小肠被吸收。静脉注射给药后20分钟达到最大血清浓度,口服给药后1-2小时达到最大血清浓度。美托洛尔的生物利用度为100%,当静脉给药时,当口服给药时,酒石酸衍生物的生物利用度约为50%,琥珀酸衍生物的生物利用度约为40%。食物的同时给药可增加美托洛尔酒石酸衍生物的吸收。
When metoprolol is administered orally, it is almost completely absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum serum concentration is achieved 20 min after intravenous administration and 1-2 hours after oral administration. The bioavailability of metoprolol is of 100% when administered intravenously and when administered orally it presents about 50% for the tartrate derivative and 40% for the succinate derivative. The absorption of metoprolol in the form of the tartrate derivative is increased by the concomitant administration of food.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 消除途径
美托洛尔主要通过肾脏排泄。从消除的剂量中,不到5%以原形恢复。
Metoprolol is mainly excreted via the kidneys. From the eliminated dose, less than 5% is recovered unchanged.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 分布容积
据报道,美托洛尔的分布体积为4.2 L/kg。由于美托洛尔的特性,这种分子能够穿越血脑屏障,甚至78%的给药可以在脑脊液中找到。
The reported volume of distribution of metoprolol is 4.2 L/kg. Due to the characteristics of metoprolol, this molecule is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and even 78% of the administered drug can be found in cerebrospinal fluid.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 清除
在肾功能正常的患者中,报告的清除率为0.8升/分钟。在肝硬化患者中,清除率变为0.61升/分钟。
The reported clearance rate on patients with normal kidney function is 0.8 L/min. In cirrhotic patients, the clearance rate changes to 0.61 L/min.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
然而,口服常规美托洛尔片后,血浆水平大约是静脉给药后的50%,表明大约有50%的首过代谢......消除主要是通过肝脏的生物转化。
Plasma levels following oral administration of conventional metoprolol tablets, however, approximate 50% of levels following intravenous adminsitration, indicating about 50% first-pass metabolism... Elimination is mainly by biotransformation in the liver.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 海关编码:
    2922509090

SDS

SDS:031415b863832add7601c3fe1b892c46
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制备方法与用途

美托洛尔(Metoprolol)是一种常用的β受体阻滞剂,用于治疗高血压、心绞痛、心律失常等疾病。以下是关于美托洛尔的一些重要信息:

用药途径与剂量
  • 高血压和心绞痛:一般口服一次25~50mg,一日2~3次,或一次100mg,一日2次。
  • 心力衰竭:起初口服一次6.25mg、一日2~3次,逐渐增加至一次6.25~12.5mg,一日2~3次。最大剂量可用至一次50~100mg,一日2次。一日不应超过300~400mg。
  • 急性心肌梗死:可在2min内先静注本品2.5~5mg,此后每5min 静注1次,共3次(10~15mg),之后15min开始口服25~50mg,每6~12h服1次,共24~48h。然后口服一次50~100mg,一日2次。
不良反应
  • 心血管系统:心率减慢、传导阻滞、血压降低、心衰加重。
  • 神经系统:疲乏和眩晕、抑郁、头痛、多梦、失眠等。
  • 消化系统:恶心、胃痛、便秘、腹泻。
  • 其他少见反应包括气急、关节痛、瘙痒等。
注意事项
  1. 与儿茶酚胺耗竭剂(如利血平)合用时会引起眩晕或体位性低血压。
  2. 禁止与地尔硫?合用,因为会导致严重的缓慢型心律失常。
  3. 需要避免与单胺氧化酶抑制剂合用,以防引起严重低血压。
特殊情况下的注意事项
  • 对于怀疑的或确诊的急性心肌梗死患者,若呼吸困难或冷汗现象有任何加重,则不应重复给药。
  • 在进行全身麻醉前至少48小时停止使用美托洛尔。
  • 肝肾功能不全、糖尿病和甲状腺功能亢进症患者需谨慎使用。

在使用美托洛尔时,请严格按照医生的指导进行用药,并注意观察可能出现的不良反应。如有任何疑问或不适,应及时与医疗专业人员联系。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    美托洛尔氧气 作用下, 以 乙腈 为溶剂, 反应 2.0h, 以99%的产率得到N-去异丙基美托洛尔
    参考文献:
    名称:
    [EN] MEANS AND METHODS FOR THE N-DEALKYLATION OF AMINES
    [FR] MOYENS ET PROCÉDÉS DE N-DÉSALKYLATION D'AMINES
    摘要:
    本发明涉及改进的N-脱烷基化烷基化胺的手段和方法。提供了一种催化N-脱烷基化N-烷基化胺底物的方法,包括在适合的溶剂中培养所述胺底物,并在纳米多孔金(NPG)表面存在下,允许形成N-脱烷基化产物。还提供了一种反应混合物,包括适合的溶剂中的N-烷基化胺底物和NPG表面。
    公开号:
    WO2017179976A1
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    metoprolol tartrate 在 Dowex Marathon 11 chloride form 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 生成 美托洛尔
    参考文献:
    名称:
    The solid-state structure of the β-blocker metoprolol: a combined experimental and in silico investigation
    摘要:
    美托洛尔{系统名称:(RS)-1-异丙基氨基-3-[4-(2-甲氧基乙基)苯氧基]丙-2-醇},C15H25NO3,是一种心脏选择性β1-肾上腺素能阻断剂,其部分分子骨架与大量其他β-阻断剂相同。本文介绍了通过单晶和变温粉末 X 射线衍射以及差示扫描量热法对其进行固态表征的结果。通过分子建模、剑桥结构数据库(CSD)调查和 Hirshfeld 表面分析,对其分子和晶体排列进行了进一步研究。在晶体中,带有异丙基的侧臂与其他 β 受体阻滞剂一样,采用了全反式构象,这是建模数据中最稳定的排列方式。美托洛尔的晶体结构以 O-H...N/N...H-O 对氢键为主(这一点也得到了 Hirshfeld 表面分析的证实),从而形成了沿 b 轴交替延伸的含有 R 和 S 美托洛尔分子的链,并辅以较弱的 O...H-N/N-H...O 对相互作用。此外,在同一堆分子中,部分沿 b 轴和 c 轴定向的 C-H...O 接触将同手性分子连接起来。在 CSD 中沉积的与美托洛尔结构相关的分子固态结构中,β-受体阻滞剂药物倍他洛尔在三维排列和相互作用方面显示出最接近的相似性。尽管两者非常相似,但这两种药物的晶格在温度升高时的反应却不同:美托洛尔呈各向异性膨胀,而倍他洛尔则呈各向同性热膨胀。
    DOI:
    10.1107/s2053229618017084
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文献信息

  • DISUBSTITUTED TRIFLUOROMETHYL PYRIMIDINONES AND THEIR USE
    申请人:BAYER PHARMA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
    公开号:US20160221965A1
    公开(公告)日:2016-08-04
    The present application relates to novel 2,5-disubstituted 6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to their use alone or in combinations for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, and to their use for preparing medicaments for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, in particular for treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular, renal, inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.
    本申请涉及新颖的2,5-二取代6-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-4(3H)-酮衍生物,其制备方法,其单独或与其他药物联合用于治疗和/或预防疾病,以及用于制备治疗和/或预防疾病的药物,特别是用于治疗和/或预防心血管、肾脏、炎症和纤维化疾病。
  • SULFOXIMINE SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINES FOR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS
    申请人:BLUM Andreas
    公开号:US20140135309A1
    公开(公告)日:2014-05-15
    This invention relates to novel sulfoximine substituted quinazoline derivatives of formula I wherein Ar, R 1 and R 2 are as defined herein, and their use as MNK1 (MNK1a or MNK1b) and/or MNK2 (MNK2a or MNK2b) kinase inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment or amelioration of MNK1 (MNK1a or MNK1b) and/or MNK2 (MNK2a or MNK2b) mediated disorders.
    这项发明涉及公式I的新型磺酰胺取代的喹唑啉衍生物,其中Ar、R1和R2如本文所定义,并且它们作为MNK1(MNK1a或MNK1b)和/或MNK2(MNK2a或MNK2b)激酶抑制剂的用途,含有这些化合物的药物组合物,以及将其用作治疗或改善MNK1(MNK1a或MNK1b)和/或MNK2(MNK2a或MNK2b)介导的疾病的药剂的方法。
  • [EN] SULFOXIMINE SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINES FOR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS<br/>[FR] QUINAZOLINES SUBSTITUÉES PAR SULFOXIMINE POUR COMPOSITIONS PHARMACEUTIQUES
    申请人:BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INT
    公开号:WO2014072244A1
    公开(公告)日:2014-05-15
    This invention relates to novel sulfoximine substituted quinazoline derivatives of formula (I), wherein Ar, R1 and R2 are as defined in the description and claims, and their use as MNK1 (MNK1a or MNK1b) and/or MNK2 (MNK2a or MNK2b) kinase inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment or amelioration of MNK1 (MNK1a or MNK1b) and/or MNK2 (MNK2a or MNK2b) mediated disorders.
    这项发明涉及一种新型的配方(I)的磺酰胺取代喹唑啉衍生物,其中Ar、R1和R2如描述和声明中所定义,并且它们作为MNK1(MNK1a或MNK1b)和/或MNK2(MNK2a或MNK2b)激酶抑制剂的用途,含有这些化合物的药物组合物,以及将其用作治疗或改善MNK1(MNK1a或MNK1b)和/或MNK2(MNK2a或MNK2b)介导的疾病的药剂的方法。
  • PYRIMIDINYL AND 1,3,5-TRIAZINYL BENZIMIDAZOLES AND THEIR USE IN CANCER THERAPY
    申请人:Rewcastle Gordon William
    公开号:US20110009405A1
    公开(公告)日:2011-01-13
    Provided herein are pyrimidinyl and 1,3,5-triazinyl benzimidazoles of Formula I, and their pharmaceutical compositions, preparation, and use as agents or drugs for cancer therapy, either alone or in combination with radiation and/or other anticancer drugs.
    本文提供了式I的嘧啶基和1,3,5-三嗪基苯并咪唑化合物,以及它们的药物组合物、制备方法,以及作为抗癌治疗药物或药剂的用途,可以单独使用,也可以与放疗和/或其他抗癌药物联合使用。
  • [EN] NOVEL COMPOUNDS, THEIR PREPARATION AND USE<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSES, LEUR PREPARATION ET LEUR UTILISATION
    申请人:NOVO NORDISK AS
    公开号:WO2005105736A1
    公开(公告)日:2005-11-10
    Novel compounds of the general formula (I), the use of these compounds as phar- maceutical compositions, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of treatment employing these compounds and compositions. The present compounds may be useful in the treatment and/or prevention of conditions mediated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPAR), in particular the PPARδ suptype.
    通用公式(I)的新化合物,这些化合物作为药物组成部分的用途,包括这些化合物的药物组成部分和使用这些化合物和组成部分的治疗方法。这些化合物可能在治疗和/或预防由过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)介导的疾病中有用,特别是PPARδ亚型。
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