毒理性
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用概述:由于母乳中美托洛尔的含量较低,婴儿摄入的量很小,预计不会对哺乳婴儿造成任何不良反应。在母乳喂养期间使用美托洛尔的研究发现,哺乳婴儿没有不良反应。监测哺乳婴儿是否有β受体阻滞的症状,如心动过缓和由于低血糖导致的乏力。
◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响:一项对哺乳期间使用β受体阻滞剂的母亲进行的研究发现,使用任何β受体阻滞剂的母亲的婴儿不良反应数量有所增加,但无统计学意义。尽管对照婴儿的年龄与受影响的婴儿相匹配,但受影响婴儿的年龄并未说明。在6位服用美托洛尔的母亲中,没有人报告其哺乳婴儿出现不良反应。
◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:截至修订日期,没有找到关于正常哺乳期间β受体阻滞或美托洛尔影响的已发布相关信息。一项对6名高催乳素血症和乳汁过多的患者进行的研究发现,在使用普萘洛尔进行β肾上腺素能阻滞之后,血清催乳素水平没有变化。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Because of the low levels of metoprolol in breastmilk, amounts ingested by the infant are small and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. Studies on the use of metoprolol during breastfeeding have found no adverse reactions in breastfed infants. Monitor breastfed infants for symptoms of beta blockade such as bradycardia and listlessness due to hypoglycemia.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:A study of mothers taking beta-blockers during nursing found a numerically, but not statistically significant increased number of adverse reactions in those taking any beta-blocker. Although the ages of infants were matched to control infants, the ages of the affected infants were not stated. Of 6 mothers taking metoprolol, none reported adverse effects in her breastfed infant.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information on the effects of beta-blockade or metoprolol during normal lactation was not found as of the revision date. A study in 6 patients with hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea found no changes in serum prolactin levels following beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)