Electric Field Effects of Photogenerated Ion Pairs on Nearby Molecules: A Model for the Carotenoid Band Shift in Photosynthesis
作者:David Gosztola、Hiroko Yamada、Michael R. Wasielewski
DOI:10.1021/ja00112a018
日期:1995.2
during the 3.7 ns lifetime of the photogenerated ion pair. The magnitude of this shift depends on the dielectric constant of the surrounding solvent. The data are used to calculate an electricfield strength of about 5.5 MV/cm at the carotenoid in toluene. The magnitude of the electricfield produced by the ion pair at the carotenoid is larger than the highest fields that can be applied externally. 32
具有 8.4 A 中心到中心距离和线性取向的锌卟啉电子供体-均苯四甲酰亚胺电子受体对内的光致电荷分离显示出对附近类胡萝卜素分子的基态吸收光谱产生大的电致变色效应。相对于光生离子对产生的电场方向,类胡萝卜素的 CC 主链的方向受到限制。这是通过用杯[4]芳烃桥将电子供体-受体对与类胡萝卜素共价连接来实现的。桥保持其锥形构象,导致供体-受体轴和类胡萝卜素的 CC 骨架之间的平均二面角为 35°。使用皮秒瞬态吸收光谱,在光生离子对的 3.7 ns 寿命期间,很容易观察到类胡萝卜素基态吸收光谱的 15 nm 电致变色红移。这种偏移的大小取决于周围溶剂的介电常数。该数据用于计算甲苯中类胡萝卜素的电场强度约为 5.5 MV/cm。类胡萝卜素处的离子对产生的电场强度大于外部施加的最高电场。32 个参考文献,更多 » 6 个无花果,1 个标签。« 更少 甲苯中的类胡萝卜素为 5 MV/cm。类胡萝卜素处的
Flavored oil-in-water emulsions for food applications
申请人:Gelin Jean-Luc
公开号:US20050048181A1
公开(公告)日:2005-03-03
The invention concerns an acidic butter oil-in-water emulsion of a lipophilic substance capable of imparting, improving or modifying the flavor properties of a composition to which it is added. These emulsions are particularly stable due to the presence of a combination of high methoxyl pectin and whey protein in their continuous phase, which combination acts as an emulsifier and a stabilizer of these emulsions. These systems can be advantageously used for the flavoring of various food applications, in particular for dairy products. The emulsion can be used as is or can be dried to a powder prior to such use.
FLAVOURED OIL-IN-WATER EMULSIONS FOR FOOD APPLICATIONS
申请人:FIRMENICH SA
公开号:EP1505886B1
公开(公告)日:2010-04-21
US7252848B2
申请人:——
公开号:US7252848B2
公开(公告)日:2007-08-07
Energy and electron transfer reactions of polyenic acids with variable chain lengths
作者:Asma Zaidi、He Li、Hans-Richard Sliwka、Vassilia Partali、Hansgeorg Ernst、Thor B. Melø
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.041
日期:2013.1
Highly unsaturated conjugated fatty acids (carotenoic acids) with 5–15 conjugated double bonds were irradiated by flash pulses in the presence of the sensitizer riboflavin. The resulting triplet and radical cation transients were analyzed and the underlying energy and electrontransferreactions determined experimentally and by calculation. The two key antioxidant reactions of carotenoids summarize in ar