A new, efficient method for the preparation of β-chloro, β-bromo, and β-iodo α,β-unsaturated ketones is described. The method involves the reaction of β-diketones or α-hydroxymethylenecycloalkanones with triphenylphosphine dihalides in the presence of triethylamine. With the dichloride and dibromide reagents, the reactions are conveniently carried out in benzene at room temperature, while with triphenylphosphine diiodide the reactions are best performed in refluxing acetonitrile (β-diketones) or in acetonitrile–hexamethylphosphoramide (α-hydroxymethylenecycloalkanones). The reaction of triphenylphosphine diiodide – triethylamine with a series of 4-alkyl-1,3-cyclohexanediones provides mainly or exclusively (depending on the size of the alkyl group) 6-alkyl-3-iodo-2-cyclohexen-1-ones, while reaction of this reagent with 2-hydroxymethylenecyclohexanone and 2-hydroxymethylenecyclopentanone affords stereoselectively and regioselectively (E)-2-iodomethylenecyclohexanone and (E)-2-iodomethylenecyclopentanone, respectively.
描述了一种制备β-氯、β-溴和β-碘α,β-不饱和酮的新的高效方法。该方法涉及β-二酮或α-羟甲基环戊酮与三苯基膦二卤化物在三乙胺存在下的反应。对于二氯化物和二溴化物试剂,反应通常在苯中室温下进行,而对于三苯基膦二碘化物,最好在回流的乙腈(β-二酮)或乙腈-六甲基磷酰胺(α-羟甲基环戊酮)中进行。三苯基膦二碘化物-三乙胺与一系列4-烷基-1,3-环己二酮的反应主要或仅产生(取决于烷基的大小)6-烷基-3-碘-2-环己烯-1-酮,而该试剂与2-羟甲基环己酮和2-羟甲基环戊酮的反应分别选择性地产生(E)-2-碘甲基环己酮和(E)-2-碘甲基环戊酮。