Enantioselective functionalization of prochiral diols via chiral spiroketals: preparation of optically pure 2-substituted 1,3-propanediol derivatives and asymmetric synthesis of chroman ring and side chain of .alpha.-tocopherol
Enantioselective functionalization of prochiral diols via chiral spiroketals: preparation of optically pure 2-substituted 1,3-propanediol derivatives and asymmetric synthesis of chroman ring and side chain of .alpha.-tocopherol
A general method for preparation of a variety of enantiomerically pure 2-substituted glycerol derivatives 1 was developed by utilizing l-menthone as a chiral template. Spiroacetals 6 derived formally from 2-substituted 2-(trimethylsiloxy)-1,3-propanediols and l-menthone were prepared with high stereoselectivity (> 95% de) either by Grignard reactions of oxospiroacetal 4 or by epoxidation of methylenespiroacetal 5 followed by ring opening with higher order cuprates. Highly stereoselective ring-cleavage reaction of 6 with acetophenone enol trimethylsilyl ether and TiCl4 followed by protection of the resulting diol 10 and subsequent removal of the chiral auxiliary gave 2-substituted glycerol derivatives of high enantiomeric purity.
Enantioselective functionalization of prochiral diols via chiral spiroketals: preparation of optically pure 2-substituted 1,3-propanediol derivatives and asymmetric synthesis of chroman ring and side chain of .alpha.-tocopherol