The reaction of various activated vinyl systems, including 2-cyclopenten-1-one, with enantiopure azetidine-2,3-diones 1 was promoted by DABCO to afford the corresponding optically pure Baylis−Hillman adducts 2 without detectable epimerization. However, the reaction of α-keto lactams 1 with but-3-yn-2-one was not as successful, giving the corresponding β-halo Baylis−Hillman adduct in low yield. Metal-mediated
Alkyne−Co<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>6</sub> Complexes in the Synthesis of Fused Tricyclic β-Lactam and Azetidine Systems<sup>,</sup><sup>1</sup>
作者:Benito Alcaide、Concepción Polanco、Miguel A. Sierra
DOI:10.1021/jo980114h
日期:1998.10.1
3a to form tricyclic systems. In fact, the analogous enyne-azetidines 20a,b smoothly cyclized to form the corresponding tricyclic systems. This approach to tricyclic azetidines was extended to prepare different products. A new, unprecedented, N1-C2 bond breakage was also observed in the azetidine ring. The results described show that the P-K reaction is a suitable approach to tricyclic 2-azetidinones
Metal-Promoted Allylation, Propargylation, or Allenylation of Azetidine-2,3-diones in Aqueous and Anhydrous Media. Application to the Asymmetric Synthesis of Densely Functionalized 3-Substituted 3-Hydroxy-β-lactams
Metal-mediated carbonyl allylation, allenylation, and propargylation of optically pure azetidine-2,3-diones were investigated in both anhydrous and aqueous environments. Different metals promoters showed varied regioselectivities on product formation during allenylation/propargylation reactions of the keto-beta -lactams. The stereochemistry of the new C3-substituted C3-hydroxy quaternary center was controlled by placing a chiral auxiliary at C4. In this way, the coupling of azetidine-2,3-diones with a variety of propenyl-, propynyl-, and allenylmetal reagents offers a convenient asymmetric entry to potentially bioactive 3-substituted 3-hydroxy-beta -lactams.
A Novel One-Step Approach for the Preparation of α-Amino Acids, α-Amino Amides, and Dipeptides from Azetidine-2,3-diones
A remarkable reaction of azetidine-2,3-diones with primary as well as secondary amines, and water is presented. Simply by varying the nucleophile, an unprecedented one-step synthesis of alpha-amino acids, alpha-amino amides, and dipeptides, was developed in both the racemic and optically pure forms. The current mechanistic hypothesis invokes a concerted process involving CO extrusion. However, a stepwise pathway can also account for these novel transformations.
The synthesis of novel 4-(5'-pynolidinyl)-beta-lactams from imines derived from 4-formyl-beta-lactams and alpha-amino esters via cascade imine-->azomethine ylide-->1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions is described. These cascades are endo-specific, exhibit facial stereoselectivity and occur in good to excellent yields. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. Ail rights reserved.