AbstractObesity and diabetes are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Promising modulators exhibiting insulin sensitivity and anti‐adipogenic actions are highly desirable. Organic sulfone analogues are prominent structural units present in diverse bioactive molecules. However, sulfones‐derived anti‐adipogenic agents are currently unavailable. Therefore, different benzosuberene‐alkyl sulfone (BSAS) analogues were synthesized inspired by the molecular diversity of the essential oil of Cedrus deodara. Among the series, five BSAS analogues were assessed in‐silico for their binding towards native Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) and further validated in‐vitro for their anti‐adipogenic potential in differentiated 3T3‐L1 pre‐adipocytes. Their ability to improve insulin sensitivity was also examined in L6 myotubes to ascertain their role in insulin resistance. Our results demonstrated that BSAS‐1 was the partial PPARγ agonist. It has reduced adipogenesis efficiently by downregulating adipogenic genes, resulting in lower triglyceride levels. BSAS‐1 lowered oxidative stress, protected myotubes from insulin resistance, and improved glucose uptake by promoting GLUT4 translocation. Overall, BSAS‐1 has the potential to treat obesity and obesity‐induced insulin resistance.
摘要 肥胖和糖尿病是导致全球死亡的主要原因。具有胰岛素敏感性和抗脂肪生成作用的有前途的调节剂非常受欢迎。有机砜类似物是存在于各种生物活性分子中的重要结构单元。然而,目前还没有砜类抗脂肪生成剂。因此,受雪松精油分子多样性的启发,我们合成了不同的苯并琥珀烯-烷基砜(BSAS)类似物。在这一系列中,有五种 BSAS 类似物通过与原生过氧化物酶体激活受体 Gamma(PPARγ)的结合进行了体内评估,并在体外分化的 3T3-L1 前脂肪细胞中进一步验证了其抗脂肪生成的潜力。我们还在 L6 肌管中检测了它们改善胰岛素敏感性的能力,以确定它们在胰岛素抵抗中的作用。我们的研究结果表明,BSAS-1 是 PPARγ 的部分激动剂。它通过下调脂肪生成基因有效地减少了脂肪生成,从而降低了甘油三酯水平。BSAS-1 可降低氧化应激,保护肌管免受胰岛素抵抗,并通过促进 GLUT4 转位来改善葡萄糖摄取。总之,BSAS-1 有可能治疗肥胖症和肥胖引起的胰岛素抵抗。