申请人:Morra Matthew J.
公开号:US20080182751A1
公开(公告)日:2008-07-31
Disclosed embodiments concern a process for controlling plant pests, such as insects, nematodes, fungi, weeds, and combinations thereof, with specific embodiments being particularly useful for weed suppression. One disclosed embodiment comprises providing a plant, or a portion thereof, selected from the family Brassicaceae, particularly from the genera
Brassica
and
Sinapis
, and even more particularly from the genus
Sinapis
. Plant material is applied to soil prior to crop planting, simultaneously with crop planting, or subsequent to emergence of desired plants. The method may further comprise processing plant material. For example, with reference to
Sinapis alba
processing can include crushing the plants to obtain seed meal, which can be applied as obtained, or can be in other useful forms, such as pellets. Alternatively, effective glucosinolates may be extracted from plant material, either with or without first pressing the plant material. Extracted glucosinolates are applied to soil, followed by applying myrosinase, or alternatively the glucosinolate and myrosinase can be co-applied, to soil. Plant material or processed plant material may be combined with at least one additional material to form a composition, such as natural pesticides, natural fertilizers, synthetic fertilizers, synthetic herbicides, synthetic pesticide, surfactants, binders, colorants, pH adjusters/stabilizer, capsaicin, onion tissue, one or more microorganism, one or more products provided by a microorganism, or combinations thereof. The method also can include controlling the amount of water and/or pH added to soil, and or pH, to which the plant material, processed plant material, composition comprising plant material, or composition comprising processed plant material, is applied. The water and/or pH is selected to maintain bioactivity.
公开的实施例涉及一种用于控制植物害虫(如昆虫、线虫、真菌、杂草和其组合)的过程,其中具体实施例特别适用于杂草抑制。其中一种公开的实施例包括提供一种来自十字花科家族的植物或其部分,特别是来自芥菜属和芥菜属中的Sinapis属,甚至更特别是来自Sinapis属。在作物种植前、同时进行作物种植或期望植物出现后,将植物材料应用于土壤中。该方法还可以包括处理植物材料。例如,对于Sinapis alba,处理可以包括压碎植物以获得种子粉,可以将其作为获得的形式应用,也可以是其他有用的形式,例如颗粒。或者,可以从植物材料中提取有效的硫代葡萄糖苷,无论是否首先压榨植物材料。提取的硫代葡萄糖苷可以应用于土壤中,然后应用油菜籽苷酶,或者硫代葡萄糖苷和油菜籽苷酶可以共同应用于土壤中。植物材料或处理过的植物材料可以与至少一种其他材料结合形成组成物,例如天然杀虫剂、天然肥料、合成肥料、合成除草剂、合成杀虫剂、表面活性剂、粘合剂、着色剂、pH调节剂/稳定剂、辣椒素、洋葱组织、一种或多种微生物、由微生物提供的一种或多种产品,或其组合物。该方法还可以包括控制添加到土壤中的水和/或pH的量,以及应用植物材料、处理过的植物材料、包含植物材料的组成物或包含处理过的植物材料的组成物的pH。所选的水和/或pH用于维持生物活性。