存在于香料烟烟叶和烟气中。
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中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | fluorene-9-carbaldehyde | 20615-64-9 | C14H10O | 194.233 |
9-芴甲醇 | 9-Fluorenylmethanol | 24324-17-2 | C14H12O | 196.249 |
9-芴乙酸 | (9H-fluoren-9-yl)-acetic acid | 6284-80-6 | C15H12O2 | 224.259 |
9-羟基-9-甲基芴 | 9-methyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol | 6311-22-4 | C14H12O | 196.249 |
芴 | 9H-fluorene | 86-73-7 | C13H10 | 166.222 |
9-甲基-9-芴基甲基醚 | 9-methoxy-9-methyl-9H-fluorene | 39194-34-8 | C15H14O | 210.276 |
—— | 9-(dicyanomethyl)-9-methylfluorene | 6235-08-1 | C17H12N2 | 244.296 |
—— | 9-bromo-9-bromomethyl-fluorene | 123333-50-6 | C14H10Br2 | 338.041 |
—— | 9-acetyl-9-methylfluorene | 3300-03-6 | C16H14O | 222.287 |
9-甲基-9H-芴-9-羧酸 | 9-methylfluorene-9-carboxylic acid | 3300-17-2 | C15H12O2 | 224.259 |
—— | 9-fluorenylmethyl p-chlorocarbanilate | 68089-94-1 | C21H16ClNO2 | 349.817 |
—— | 9-methyl-9-(tricyanomethyl)fluorene | 159433-40-6 | C18H11N3 | 269.305 |
—— | 9-hydroxy-9-tert-butylfluorene | 20685-07-8 | C17H18O | 238.329 |
—— | (9-methylfluoren-9-yl)trimethyltin | 61715-81-9 | C17H20Sn | 343.056 |
—— | 9-tert-butyl-9-(chloromethyl)fluorene | 157757-99-8 | C18H19Cl | 270.802 |
乙基联苯 | 2-ethyl-1,1'-biphenyl | 40529-66-6 | C14H14 | 182.265 |
—— | 9,9'-dimethyl-9,9'-bifluorene | 15300-82-0 | C28H22 | 358.483 |
9-亚甲基芴 | 9-methylene-fluorene | 4425-82-5 | C14H10 | 178.233 |
9-芴酮 | 9-fluorenone | 486-25-9 | C13H8O | 180.206 |
—— | 9-ethylidenefluorene | 7151-64-6 | C15H12 | 192.26 |
—— | 9-tert-butyl-9-methoxyfluorene | 29648-60-0 | C18H20O | 252.356 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
9,9-二甲基芴 | 9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene | 4569-45-3 | C15H14 | 194.276 |
—— | 2-Aethyl-9-methyl-fluoren | 93010-28-7 | C16H16 | 208.303 |
—— | 2,7-dichloro-9-methyl-fluorene | 122237-14-3 | C14H10Cl2 | 249.139 |
—— | 2,7-dibromo-9-methylfluorene | 73872-42-1 | C14H10Br2 | 338.041 |
—— | 2-Amino-9-methyl-fluoren | 1023554-71-3 | C14H13N | 195.264 |
—— | 9-(chloromethyl)-9-methylfluorene | 118716-48-6 | C15H13Cl | 228.721 |
—— | 9-ethyl-9-methylfluorene | 42348-90-3 | C16H16 | 208.303 |
—— | (9-methyl-fluorene-9-yl)methanol | 108478-05-3 | C15H14O | 210.276 |
—— | 2-acetyl-9-methylfluorene | 954-71-2 | C16H14O | 222.287 |
9-羟基-9-甲基芴 | 9-methyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol | 6311-22-4 | C14H12O | 196.249 |
芴 | 9H-fluorene | 86-73-7 | C13H10 | 166.222 |
—— | 9-Methyl-9-propyl-fluoren | 42348-91-4 | C17H18 | 222.33 |
—— | 9-methyl-9-allylfluorene | 34163-29-6 | C17H16 | 220.314 |
—— | 2-(9-methyl-fluoren-9-yl)-ethanol | 150256-69-2 | C16H16O | 224.302 |
—— | 9-butyl-9-methyl-9H-fluorene | 42348-92-5 | C18H20 | 236.357 |
—— | 9-benzyl-9-methylfluorene | 61076-90-2 | C21H18 | 270.374 |
—— | 1-Methyl-1,1,3,3-bis-phenylen-propan | 60930-50-9 | C28H22 | 358.483 |
—— | 2-Brom-1-<9-methylfluorenyl-(9)>-propan | 95281-27-9 | C17H17Br | 301.226 |
—— | 1-Brom-2-<9-methylfluorenyl-(9)>-propan | 95281-26-8 | C17H17Br | 301.226 |
—— | 1-<9-Methylfluorenyl-(9)>-propanol-(2) | 93651-43-5 | C17H18O | 238.329 |
9-甲基-2,7-二硝基-芴 | 2,7-Dinitro-9-methylfluoren | 32501-43-2 | C14H10N2O4 | 270.244 |
—— | 2-Nitro-9-methylfluoren | 20047-54-5 | C14H11NO2 | 225.247 |
—— | 9-methyl-9-(methylthio)fluorene | 84811-78-9 | C15H14S | 226.342 |
—— | 9-[(2R,4R)-2,4-dimethyl-5-(9-methylfluoren-9-yl)pentyl]-9-methylfluorene | —— | C35H36 | 456.671 |
—— | 9-methyl-9H-fluorene-9-carbonyl chloride | 82102-37-2 | C15H11ClO | 242.705 |
9-甲基-9H-芴-9-基-氢过氧化物 | 9-methyl-fluoren-9-yl hydroperoxide | 18774-09-9 | C14H12O2 | 212.248 |
9-甲基-9H-芴-9-羰基-13C氯化物 | 9-methylfluorene-9-([(13)C]-carbonyl) chloride | 1072315-89-9 | C15H11ClO | 243.694 |
—— | 9-methyl-9-(propen-2-yl)fluorene | 93333-39-2 | C17H16 | 220.314 |
—— | 9-acetyl-9-methylfluorene | 3300-03-6 | C16H14O | 222.287 |
9-甲基-9H-芴-9-羧酸 | 9-methylfluorene-9-carboxylic acid | 3300-17-2 | C15H12O2 | 224.259 |
9-甲基芴-9-羧酸 | [(13C)]-9-methyl-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid | 1285695-14-8 | C15H12O2 | 225.248 |
—— | (S)-3-(9-methylfluoren-9-yl)propylene oxide | 1260662-45-0 | C17H16O | 236.313 |
—— | (R)-3-(9-methylfluoren-9-yl)propylene oxide | 1260662-43-8 | C17H16O | 236.313 |
—— | 1-(9-Methylenfluorenyl-(9))-1-(9-fluorenyl)-ethan | 96272-82-1 | C29H24 | 372.51 |
—— | trichloro(9-methylfluoren-9-yl)silane | 221315-63-5 | C14H11Cl3Si | 313.686 |
—— | (9-methyl-fluoren-9-yl)-silanetriol | 221315-64-6 | C14H14O3Si | 258.349 |
—— | 9-methyl-9-(2-chloro-2-propyl)fluorene | 382591-20-0 | C17H17Cl | 256.775 |
—— | 9,9'-dimethyl-9,9'-bifluorene | 15300-82-0 | C28H22 | 358.483 |
9-亚甲基芴 | 9-methylene-fluorene | 4425-82-5 | C14H10 | 178.233 |
9-芴酮 | 9-fluorenone | 486-25-9 | C13H8O | 180.206 |
—— | 9-methyl-9-(2-bromo-2-propyl)fluorene | 382591-21-1 | C17H17Br | 301.226 |
—— | 2-Imidazol-1-yl-1-(9-methyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-ethanone | 98216-64-9 | C19H16N2O | 288.349 |
—— | N-butyl-9-methyl-9H-fluorene-9-carboxamide | —— | C19H21NO | 279.382 |
—— | 9-Fluorenyl-(9-methyl-9-fluorenyl)-keton | 62731-51-5 | C28H20O | 372.466 |
CC bond cleavages of radical cations of 2-substituted benzothiazoline derivatives were investigated to determine the parameters controlling the fragmentation rate constants. In spite of the low oxidation potentials of the compounds, fragmentation rate constants greater than 1 × 106 s1 could be achieved through weakening of the fragmenting bond by substituents that stabilize the radical fragment and exert steric crowding. A quantitative assessment of the relative roles of radical stabilization vs. steric effects to weaken the fragmenting CC bond was achieved through DFT calculations. The calculated activation enthalpies matched reasonably well with the experimentally determined values. A thermokinetic analysis revealed that the fragmentations of benzothiazoline radical cations have relatively large intrinsic kinetic barriers, ascribed to the delocalized nature of the product radical and cation fragments. Interestingly, the same factors that lead to the large intrinsic barriers led, simultaneously, to large thermodynamic driving forces for the fragmentations, which should lead to lower activation barriers. These effects oppose each other kinetically and provide important insight into the design of fast radical ion fragmentation reactions.Key words: benzothiazoline, radical cation, fragmentation, steric effects, DFT.