硅烷
硅烷也被称为硅氢化合物，是由硅和氢两种元素组成的化合物。最简单的代表物如甲硅烷（SiH₄）和乙硅烷（Si₂H₆），在组成、结构及物理性质方面与烷烃相似，但亦存在差异。硅烷通常只包含数量不多的硅原子同系物，目前已知最长的链是Si₆H₁₄。
相较于烷烃，硅烷的化学性质更为活泼，Si—H键比C—H键更容易断裂，且热稳定性较差，容易分解为硅和氢。分子量较大的硅烷更加不稳定，在空气中易自燃生成二氧化硅（SiO₂）和水，并能被碱溶液水解。然而，烷基取代的硅烷则具有较好的热稳定性，例如(CH₃)₄Si在空气中不会发生自燃。
室温下，硅烷与卤素反应极为剧烈，可生成卤硅烷；在催化剂存在的情况下，还能与卤化氢作用生成相应的卤化物。尽管硅烷难以合成，目前仍处于理论研究阶段。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-甲酰基-1-(三异丙基硅烷基氧基)环丙烷 | 1-Triisopropylsilanyloxy-cyclopropanecarbaldehyde | 220705-67-9 | C13H26O2Si |
|
| 1-甲氧基-1-(三甲基甲硅氧基)-2-甲基-1-丙烯 | 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-trimethylsiloxy-1-propene | 31469-15-5 | C8H18O2Si |
|
| 1-环丙基-1-(三甲基硅烷基氧基)-乙烯 | 1-cyclopropyl-1-(trimethylsilyloxy)ethene | 42161-96-6 | C8H16OSi |
|
| 1-氯-1-甲基硅杂环丁烷 | 1-chloro-1-methylsiletane | 2351-34-0 | C4H9ClSi |
|
| 1-[3-(三乙氧基硅烷基)丙基]-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮 | N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)maleimide | 29602-11-7 | C13H23NO5Si |
|
| 1-[(三异丙基硅烷基)乙炔基]-1,2-苯碘酰-3(1H)-酮 | 1-[(triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl]-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one | 181934-30-5 | C18H25IO2Si |
|
| 1-(三甲基硅基)丙炔 | 1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne | 6224-91-5 | C6H12Si |
|
| 1,6-双三甲氧基硅基己烷 | polymer; Monomer(s): 6-(9H-fluorenyl)hexyltrimethoxysilane; 1,6-di(trimethoxysilyl)hexane | 87135-01-1 | C12H30O6Si2 |
|
| 1,4-双[(三甲基硅基)乙炔基]苯 | 1,4-Bis(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzene | 17938-13-5 | C16H22Si2 |
|
| 1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯 | 1,4-bis(hydroxydimethylsilyl)benzene | 2754-32-7 | C10H18O2Si2 |
|
| 1,4-双(三甲硅基)-1,3-丁二炔 | 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,3-butadiyne | 4526-07-2 | C10H18Si2 |
|
| 1,4-双((三异丙基甲硅烷基)乙炔基)-2,3-二氢萘-2,3-二胺 | 1,4-bis((triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)naphthalene-2,3-diamine | 1027060-42-9 | C32H50N2Si2 |
|
| 1,4-二(二甲基硅烷基)苯 | 1,4-bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene | 2488-01-9 | C10H18Si2 |
|
| 1,4-二(三甲基硅烷基)苯 | 1,4-bis-(trimethylsilyl)benzene | 13183-70-5 | C12H22Si2 |
|
| 1,3二氯-1,1,3,3-四异丙基二硅氧烷 | 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane | 69304-37-6 | C12H28Cl2OSi2 |
|
| 1,3-双(4-羟基丁基)四甲基二硅氧烷 | 1,3-bis(4-hydroxybutyl)tetramethyldisiloxane | 5931-17-9 | C12H30O3Si2 |
|
| 1,3-二(氯甲基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷 | 1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane | 2362-10-9 | C6H16Cl2OSi2 |
|
| 1,2-二(二甲基硅烷基)苯 | 1,2-Bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene | 17985-72-7 | C10H16Si2 |
|
| 1,1,3,3-四甲基-2-(3-三甲氧基硅烷基丙基)胍 | 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)guanidine | 69709-01-9 | C11H27N3O3Si |
|
| 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9-十甲基五硅氧烷 | 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9-decamethylpentasiloxane | 995-83-5 | C10H32O4Si5 |
|
| 1,1,1,3,3,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷 | 1,1,1,3,3,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane | 2895-07-0 | C7H22O2Si3 |
|
| (氯甲基)甲基二氯硅烷 | chloromethylmethyldichlorosilane | 1558-33-4 | C2H5Cl3Si |
|
| (氯甲基)三氯硅烷 | (chloromethyl)trichlorosilane | 1558-25-4 | CH2Cl4Si |
|
| (氯二氟甲基)三甲基硅烷 | (chlorodifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane | 115262-00-5 | C4H9ClF2Si |
|
| (叔丁基二甲基)乙炔 | (tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetylene | 86318-61-8 | C8H16Si |
|
| (五氟乙基)三甲基硅烷 | trimethyl(pentafluoroethyl)silane | 124898-13-1 | C5H9F5Si |
|
| (二氟甲基)三甲基硅烷 | trimethyl(difluoromethyl)silane | 65864-64-4 | C4H10F2Si |
|
| (二异丙基氨基)三甲基硅烷 | N,N-diisopropyl-1,1,1-trimethylsilylamine | 17425-88-6 | C9H23NSi |
|
| (乙基硫代)三甲基硅烷 | (ethylthio)trimethylsilane | 5573-62-6 | C5H14SSi |
|
| (三甲基硅基)甲基三氟甲烷磺酸酯 | Trimethylsilylmethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate | 64035-64-9 | C5H11F3O3SSi |
|
| (三甲基硅基)乙酸甲酯 | methyl (trimethylsilyl)acetate | 2916-76-9 | C6H14O2Si |
|
| (三甲基硅基)乙酸乙酯 | trimethylsilanyl-acetic acid ethyl ester | 4071-88-9 | C7H16O2Si |
|
| (三氟甲基)三甲基硅烷 | (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane | 81290-20-2 | C4H9F3Si |
|
| (七氟丙基)三甲基硅烷 | (heptafluoropropyl)trimethylsilane | 3834-42-2 | C6H9F7Si |
|
| (Z)-叔丁基二甲基(五-1,3-二烯-3-基氧基)硅烷 | (Z)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-pentadiene | 115827-67-3 | C11H22OSi |
|
| (R)-2-(双(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)吡咯烷 | (R)-α,α-bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-pyrrolidinemethanol (tert-butyl)dimethylsilyl ether | 1146629-74-4 | C27H29F12NOSi |
|
| (R)-(2,3-二甲基-3-((三乙基甲硅烷基)氧基)丁基)二苯基氧化膦 | Phosphine oxide, [(2R)-2,3-dimethyl-3-[(triethylsilyl)oxy]butyl]diphenyl- | 1227926-70-6 | C24H37O2PSi |
|
| (4S)-N-(叔丁基二甲基硅)氮杂环丁烷-2-酮-4-羧酸 | (4S)-N-tert-butyldimethylsilylazetidin-2-one-4-carboxylic acid | 82938-50-9 | C10H19NO3Si |
|
| (4-乙烯基苯基)三甲氧基硅烷 | 4-trimethoxysilylstyrene | 18001-13-3 | C11H16O3Si |
|
| (4-(1,3-二噁烷-2-基)丁-1-炔-1-基)三甲基硅烷 | 2-<4-(trimethylsilyl)-3-butynyl>-1,3-dioxolane | 79975-88-5 | C10H18O2Si |
|
| (3S)-4-氯-3-[(三甲基硅烷基)氧基]丁腈 | (3S)-4-chloro-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]butyronitrile | 727382-14-1 | C7H14ClNOSi |
|
| (3-氰基丙基)二甲基氯硅烷 | (3-cyanopropyl)dimethylsilyl chloride | 18156-15-5 | C6H12ClNSi |
|
| (2-溴乙炔基)三异丙基硅烷 | 1-bromo-2-(triisopropylsilyl)acetylene | 111409-79-1 | C11H21BrSi |
|
| (2-溴乙基)三甲硅烷 | (2-bromoethyl)trimethylsilane | 18156-67-7 | C5H13BrSi |
|
| (2-氰乙基)三乙氧基硅烷 | 2-cyanoethyltriethoxysilane | 919-31-3 | C9H19NO3Si |
|
| (1R,3r,4s)-4-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)-3-(((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)甲基)-2-亚甲基环戊醇 | (1R,3R,4S)-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-3-[(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)methyl]-2-methylenecyclopentanol | 701278-56-0 | C19H40O3Si2 |
|
| (1-溴乙烯基)三甲硅烷 | 1-bromo-1-(trimethylsilyl)ethene | 13683-41-5 | C5H11BrSi |
|
| (1-氟乙烯基)甲基二苯基硅烷 | (1-fluorovinyl)(methyl)diphenylsilane | 257610-49-4 | C15H15FSi |
|
| —— | Gd[N(SiMe<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>3</sub> | 35789-03-8 | C18H54GdN3Si6 |
|
| —— | 1-(2-(benzyloxy)ethyl)-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)cyclohexanecarbaldehyde | 943515-17-1 | C22H36O3Si |
|
联系我们
关注我们
公众号
