Many derivatives of sodium alkylazulene sulfonates were newly synthesized and their antiulcer activites were examined in Shay pylorus-ligated rats. The values of lipophilicity (log P), a physicochemical parameter, of these new azulene derivatives were also examined in order to study the structure-activity relationship. The optimum value of log P which gave maximum anti-ulcer activity was about -1.0. Among the derivatives of azulene examined, 3-ethyl-7-isopropylazulene-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt (KT1-32) exhibited an extremely potent inhibitory action against Shay ulcer, and its antipeptic activity was more potent than than of guaiazulene sodium sulfonate (GAS). Furthermore, KT1-32 was extremely stable on heating as compared to GAS.
A Versatile Synthetic Method of 1-Alkylazulenes and Azulene by the Reactions of 3-Methoxycarbonyl-2<i>H</i>-cyclohepta[<i>b</i>]furan-2-one with<i>in situ</i>Generated Enamines
Methyl 3-alkylazulene-1-carboxylates were synthesized in high yields by the reaction of 3-methoxycarbonyl-2H-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one with in situ generated morpholine enamines of aldehydes. Treatment of the esters with 100% phosphoric acid gave 1-alkylazulenes in excellent yields. Azulene was also synthesized in a good yield via methyl azulene-1-carboxylate with a modification of this method.
Ring Expansion-Annulation Strategy for the Synthesis of Substituted Azulenes and Oligoazulenes. 2. Synthesis of Azulenyl Halides, Sulfonates, and Azulenylmetal Compounds and Their Application in Transition-Metal-Mediated Coupling Reactions
作者:Aimee L. Crombie、John L. Kane、Kevin M. Shea、Rick L. Danheiser
DOI:10.1021/jo048698c
日期:2004.12.1
Stille, and Suzuki coupling reactions. Reaction of the azulenyl triflate 84 with pinacolborane provides access to the azulenylboronate 91, which participates in Suzuki coupling reactions with alkenyl and aryl iodides. The application of these coupling reactions to the synthesis of biazulenes, terazulene 101, and related oligoazulenes is described, as well as the preparation of the azulenyl amino acid
THE FACILE SYNTHESIS OF 1- AND 2-ALKYLAZULENES BY THE REACTIONS OF 2<i>H</i>-CYCLOHEPTA[<i>b</i>]FURAN-2-ONES WITH ENAMINES OF ALDEHYDES AND ACYCLIC KETONES
作者:Masafumi Yasunami、Alice Chen、P. W. Yang、Kahei Takase
DOI:10.1246/cl.1980.579
日期:1980.5.5
The reactions of 2H-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one and its 3-cyano derivatives with enamines derived from aldehydes and acyclic ketones were investigated. On the reactions, 1- and 2-alkylazulenes were easily synthesized.
A Ring Expansion−Annulation Strategy for the Synthesis of Substituted Azulenes. Preparation and Suzuki Coupling Reactions of 1-Azulenyl Triflates
作者:John L. Kane、Kevin M. Shea、Aimee L. Crombie、Rick L. Danheiser
DOI:10.1021/ol0156897
日期:2001.4.1
[structure: see text]. A new strategy for the synthesis of substitutedazulenes is reported, based on the reaction of beta'-bromo-alpha-diazo ketones with rhodium carboxylates. The key transformation involves intramolecular addition of a rhodium carbenoid to an arene pi-bond, electrocyclic ring opening, beta-elimination, tautomerization, and trapping to produce 1-hydroxyazulene derivatives. The synthetic