Synthetic studies toward pyruvate acetal-containing saccharides: En route to the efficient synthesis of Rhizobium-related exopolysaccharide fragments
摘要:
The disaccharide building block benzyl O-{2,3-di-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-[(R)-1-(methoxycarbonyl) ethylidene]-beta-D-galactopyranosyl}-(1 --> 3)-2-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-[(S)-1-(methoxycarbonyl)ethylidene] -alpha-D-glucopyranoside (13), related to a Rhizobium exopolysaccharide, was prepared by coupling various 4,6-O-[(R)-1-(methoxycarbonyl)ethylidene]-D-galactosyl donors (benzoyl-protected chloride 1, pivaloyl-protected chloride 2, and benzoyl-protected fluorides 3 and 4, and trichloroacetimidate 5) with benzyl 2-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-[(S)-1-(methoxycarbonyl)ethylidene]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (10) and the corresponding 2,3-O-tetraisopropyldisiloxane-protected glucoside 12. The best results, with respect to beta-selectivity and yield of the coupling, were obtained with 5 and 10 in dichloromethane. The beta-linked (13) and alpha-linked (14) disaccharides were efficiently converted via the 1-OH derivatives 17 and 21 into the corresponding trichloroacetimidates 18 and 22. The latter were used for the synthesis of the disaccharide ligands 4,6-(R)-pyruvate-beta-D-Galp-(1 --> 3)-4,6-(S)-pyruvate-beta-D-Glcp-O (CH2)(5)NH2 (20), and 4,6-(R)-pyruvate-alpha-D-Galp-(1 --> 3)-4,6-(S)-pyruvate-beta-D-Glcp-O(CH2)(5)NH2 (24). The corresponding tri- and tetra-saccharide derivatives 4,6-(R)-pyruvate-beta-D-Galp-(1 --> 3)-4,6-(S)-pyruvate-beta-D-Glcp-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-Glcp-O(CH2)(5)NH2 (28) and 4,6-(R)-pyruvate-beta-D-Galp-(1 --> 3)-4,6-(S)-pyruvate-beta-D-Glcp-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-Glcp-O(CH2)(5)NH2 (36) were obtained similarly.
Chondroitin-4-O-sulfatase from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron: exploration of the substrate specificity
摘要:
Bacterial sulfatases can be good tools to increase the molecular diversity of glycosaminoglycan synthetic fragments. A chondroitin 4-O-sulfatase from the human commensal bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron has recently been identified and expressed. In order to use this enzyme for synthetic purposes, the minimal structure required for its activity has been determined. For that, four 4-O-sulfated monosaccharides and one 4-O-sulfated disaccharide have been synthesized and used as substrates with the sulfatase. The minimum structure was shown to be a disaccharide but in contrast to the natural substrate, which must have a 4,5-insaturation, the enzyme accepts as substrate, a disaccharide with a saturated glucuronic acid at the non-reducing end and even a glucopyranosyl moiety without the carboxylic acid functionality. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Rhizobial saccharides 2. Selective synthesis of both diastereomers of 4,6-O-pyruvylated d-glycopyranosides
作者:Thomas Ziegler
DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(94)85023-2
日期:1994.9
Both diastereomers of 4,6-O-pyruvylated glycosides S- and R - 2 were selectively prepared from the corresponding 4,6-unprotected glycosides 1 by acetalation of the latter with methyl pyruvate and BF3-diethylether complex. In acetonitrile as the solvent, the thermodynamically favoured diastereomers having an axial-oriented methoxycarbonyl group are formed preferentially. In methyl pyruvate as the solvent
Various partly protected sugars (gluco-, manno-, and galactopyranosides) were acetalized with methyl pyruvate in moderate to good yield with BF3-etherate as the condensing reagent. Thus, (1-methoxycarbonyl)ethylidene glycosides were obtained diastereoselectivity.
A series of prearranged glycosides 5, 17, 23, 28, 37 and 41, having a benzyl-protected 1-thiomannosyl donor linked through its positions 2, 3, 4 and 6 via succinate and malonate tethers, respectively, to positions 2, 3, and 6 of a benzyl glucopyranoside acceptor, were prepared by condensation of the respective mannosyl succinates and malonates with suitably protected benzyl glucopyranosides. The prearranged glycosides were intramolecularly coupled under various conditions to give the corresponding, tethered (1 --> 4)-linked disaccharides The yields and anomer ratios of the products of these couplings were interpreted in terms of the thermodynamic stability of the resulting disaccharides. In the case of prearranged glycoside 17, having positions 3 of both the donor and the acceptor linked by a succinate tether, a strong dependence of the diastereoselectivity of the intramolecular glycosylation on the activation procedure was observed. All other cases did not show a significant dependence of the outcome of the anomeric configuration in intramolecular glycosylation on the activation procedure or the solvent.