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2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹恶啉 | 77500-04-0

中文名称
2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹恶啉
中文别名
2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹噁啉;2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并喹喔啉
英文名称
2-amine-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline
英文别名
2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline;2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo<4,5-f>quinoxaline;MeIQx;3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-2-amine
2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹恶啉化学式
CAS
77500-04-0
化学式
C11H11N5
mdl
MFCD00210329
分子量
213.242
InChiKey
DVCCCQNKIYNAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    > 300°C
  • 沸点:
    343.23°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.2597 (rough estimate)
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于DMSO(略微加热)、甲醇(略微加热)
  • 物理描述:
    Solid
  • 蒸汽压力:
    1.7X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.
  • 解离常数:
    pKa1 = 1.43 (secondary amine); pKa2 = 5.23 (secondary amine)
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    远离氧化物、光和热。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    1
  • 重原子数:
    16
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    3.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.181
  • 拓扑面积:
    69.6
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    4

ADMET

代谢
2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹诺啉(MeIQx)及其同位素标记([13]C,[15]N2和[14]C)类似物被合成并用于体内的代谢研究。将MeIQx及其[13]C,[15]N2稳定同位素标记类似物(含有示踪量的[14]C-MeIQx)的等摩尔混合物通过腹腔注射给小鼠。大约67%的放射性物质在24小时内通过尿液和粪便排出。当尿液通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析时,观察到四种放射性标记物种,分别对应于未改变的MeIQx和三种更具极性的代谢物。尿液直接通过高效液相色谱-热喷雾质谱分析。观察到四个信号,含有特征性的1:1同位素双重峰,对应于未改变的MeIQx,一个MeIQx葡萄糖苷酸和两个未表征的代谢物。
2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline (MeIQx) ... and its isotopically labelled ([13]C, [15]N2 and [14]C) analogues were synthesized and used for metabolic studies in vivo. An equimolar mixture of MeIQx and its [13]C, [15]N2 stable isotope labelled analogue (containing tracer amounts of [14]C-MeIQx) was given ip to mice. Some 67% of the radioactivity was eliminated in urine and feces within 24 hr. Four radiolabelled species were observed when urine was analysed by HPLC, corresponding to unchanged MeIQx and three more polar metabolites. Urine was analysed directly by HPLC-thermospray mass spectrometry. Four signals were observed containing the characteristic 1:1 isotopic doublet, corresponding to unchanged MeIQx, an MeIQx glucuronide, and two uncharacterized metabolites.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
加合物的形成被认为是杂环胺类致癌物导致DNA损伤的主要因素。通过使用标记有(32)P的DNA片段和与高压液相色谱相连的电化学检测器,我们研究了2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹诺啉(MeIQx)的N-羟基代谢物是否能够引起氧化性DNA损伤。发现这种代谢物[MeIQx(NHOH)]能够引起Cu(II)介导的DNA损伤,包括8-oxo-7,8-二氢-2'-脱氧鸟苷的形成。当加入内源性还原剂,烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)时,DNA损伤显著增强。过氧化氢酶和双硫仑,一种Cu(I)特异性螯合剂,抑制了DNA损伤,这表明H2O2和Cu(I)的参与。在NADH和Cu(II)的存在下,MeIQx(NHOH)经常在胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶残基处诱导DNA断裂。紫外-可见光谱研究表明,在没有Cu(II)的情况下,MeIQx(NHOH)几乎不发生分解,而在Cu(II)的存在下,观察到快速的光谱变化,这表明Cu(II)催化了自氧化。加入NADH将氧化产物还原回MeIQx(NHOH)。这些结果表明,由Cu(I)与H2O2反应形成的铜-过氧中间体参与了MeIQx(NHOH)的Cu(II)依赖性DNA损伤,而NADH通过氧化还原循环增强了DNA损伤。/结论是/除了DNA加合物的形成外,氧化性DNA损伤在MeIQx的致癌过程中也起着重要作用。/MeIQx (NHOH)/
Adduct formation has been considered to be a major causal factor of DNA damage by carcinogenic heterocyclic amines. By means of experiments with (32)P-labeled DNA fragments and an electrochemical detector coupled to a high-pressure liquid chromatograph, we investigated whether the N-hydroxy metabolite of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) can cause oxidative DNA damage or not. This metabolite [MeIQx(NHOH)] was found to cause Cu(II)-mediated DNA damage, including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine formation. When an endogenous reductant, beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), was added, the DNA damage was greatly enhanced. Catalase and bathocuproine, a Cu(I)-specific chelator, inhibited the DNA damage, suggesting the involvement of H2O2 and Cu(I). MeIQx(NHOH) frequently induced DNA cleavage at thymine and cytosine residues in the presence of NADH and Cu(II). A UV-visible spectroscopic study showed that little decomposition of MeIQx(NHOH) occurred in the absence of Cu(II), whilst rapid spectral change was observed in the presence of Cu(II), suggesting that Cu(II) catalyzes the autoxidation. The addition of NADH reduced the oxidized product back to MeIQx(NHOH). These results suggest that a copper-peroxo intermediate, derived from the reaction of Cu(I) with H2O2, participates in Cu(II)-dependent DNA damage by MeIQx(NHOH), and NADH enhances the DNA damage via a redox cycle. /It was concluded/ that in addition to DNA adduct formation, oxidative DNA damage plays an important role in the carcinogenic process of MeIQx. /MeIQx (NHOH)/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹诺啉(MeIQx),是肉类烹饪过程中形成的杂环芳香胺中含量最丰富的一种,对啮齿动物具有遗传毒性和致癌性。MeIQx需要通过P450的代谢激活才能发挥这些作用。虽然有间接证据表明致突变产物是N-羟基-MeIQx(N-OHMeIQx),但在与人类肝脏微粒体部分孵化后,这一产物被明确识别。使用未标记的MeIQx、(13C,15N2)MeIQx和(14C)MeIQx的混合物作为底物,并通过HPLC-热喷雾质谱法分析产物。在m/z 214/217 ([M+H]+)的母化合物MeIQx和m/z 230/233 ([M+H]+)的N-OHMeIQx处发现了特征性的双峰离子,相隔3个质量单位。m/z 214/217的双峰与m/z 230/233 [M+H+]的双峰共存,提供了额外的证据表明这是N-OHMeIQx,因为容易失去'O'是N-羟基胺的特征。通过对HPLC洗脱液使用对N-羟基胺特别敏感的Salmonella typhimurium YG1024和对抗大多数N-羟基胺的TA98/1,8-DNP6的致突变性进行比较,进一步证实了主要代谢物的身份,该代谢物约占所有微粒体代谢的90%。反应混合物中直接作用的致突变性的95%与一个单峰相关,根据质谱法,这个单峰与N-OHMeIQx共同洗脱。在存在代谢激活系统的情况下,只能检测到一个额外的致突变峰,对应于未改变的MeIQx。人肝脏微粒体以77 +/- 11 pmol/mg/min(平均值 +/- 标准误,n = 4)的速率将MeIQx (5 microM) N-羟基化。人类CYP1A2的特异性抑制剂呋喃非林(5 uM)抑制了MeIQx的N-羟基化超过90%。这些数据表明,N-OHMeIQx既是MeIQx由人肝脏微粒体生成的氧化产物的主要成分,也是遗传毒性产物的主要成分,并且这一反应几乎完全由CYP1A2催化。
2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), one of the most abundant of the heterocyclic aromatic amines formed during the cooking of meat, is genotoxic and carcinogenic in rodents. MeIQx requires metabolic activation by P450 before it can exert these effects. While there is indirect evidence that the mutagenic product is N-hydroxy-MeIQx (N-OHMeIQx), ... this /was identified/ unequivocally following incubation of the amine with human hepatic microsomal fraction. A mixture of unlabelled MeIQx, (13C,15N2)MeIQx and (14C)MeIQx was used as substrate and the products analysed by HPLC-thermospray mass spectrometry. Characteristic doublet ions, 3 mass units apart, were found at m/z 214/217 ([M+H]+) from the parent compound, MeIQx and at 230/233 ([M+H]+) from N-OHMeIQx. The presence of a doublet ion at m/z 214/217 with the doublet at 230/233 [M+H+] provided additional evidence that this was N-OHMeIQx, as facile loss of 'O' is characteristic of N-hydroxylamines. Further evidence for the identity of the major metabolite, which accounted for approximately 90% of all microsomal metabolism, was obtained by comparing the mutagenicity of the HPLC eluate using Salmonella typhimurium YG1024, which is particularly sensitive to N-hydroxylamines, and TA98/1,8-DNP6 which is resistant to most N-hydroxylamines. Ninety-five per cent of direct-acting mutagenicity present in the reaction mixture was associated with a single peak, which co-eluted with N-OHMeIQx, as indicated by mass spectrometry. In the presence of a metabolic activation system, only one additional mutagenic peak, corresponding to unchanged MeIQx, could be detected. MeIQx (5 microM) was N-hydroxylated at a rate of 77 +/- 11 pmol/mg/min (mean +/- SEM, n = 4) by human liver microsomes. The specific inhibitor of human CYP1A2, furafylline (5 uM) inhibited the N-hydroxylation of MeIQx by > 90%. These data show that N-OHMeIQx is both the major oxidation product and the major genotoxic product of MeIQx generated by microsomal fractions of human liver and that the reaction is catalysed almost exclusively by CYP1A2.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
... 2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)在大鼠体内的处置和代谢进行了研究。在单次口服20 mg (14)C标记的MeIQx/kg体重后,确定了三种主要的无突变代谢物。这些是2-氨基-4(或5)-(β-D-葡萄糖苷酸基氧)-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉,2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉-4(或5)-基硫酸盐和N-(3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉-2-基)磺酰胺。胆汁、尿液和粪便中存在的另外两种代谢物是2-(β-D-葡萄糖苷酸基氨基)-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉和2-氨基-8-羟甲基-3-甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉-4(或5)基硫酸盐。所有代谢物基本上都是无突变的。胆汁、尿液和粪便中仍存在的突变性大多可以归因于未改变的MeIQx。未改变的MeIQx是尿液中排泄的最丰富形式。
The disposition and metabolism of ... 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) was studied in rats. After a single oral dose of 20 mg (14)C-labeled MeIQx/kg bw, three major non-mutagenic metabolites were identified. These were 2-amino-4(or 5)-(beta-D-glucuronopyranosyloxy)-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-4(or 5)-yl sulfate and N-(3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-2-yl) sulfamate. Another two metabolites present in bile, urine and feces were 2-(beta-D-glucuronopyranosylamino)-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ] quinoxaline and 2-amino-8-hydroxymethyl-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-4 (or 5)yl sulfate. All metabolites were essentially non-mutagenic. Most of the mutagenicity still present in bile, urine and feces could be explained by unchanged MeIQx. Unchanged MeIQx was the most abundant form excreted in urine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
美克酸是人类代谢物,包括IQx-8-COOH和N-羟基美克酸。
Meiqx has known human metabolites that include IQx-8-COOH and N-HydroxyMeIQX.
来源:NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
缺乏关于MeIQx对人类致癌性的充分证据。有充分证据表明MeIQx对实验动物具有致癌性。总体评估:MeIQx(2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-j]喹喔啉)可能对人类致癌(2B组)。
There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of MeIQx. There is suffcient evidence in experimental animais for the carcinogenicity of MeIQx. Overall evaluation: MeIQx (2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-j)quinoxaline) is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
根据实验动物中充分的致癌性证据和支持性的遗传毒性数据,可以合理预期MeIQx是一种人类致癌物。[美国卫生与公共服务部/国家毒理学计划;第十一份致癌物报告:2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉]
MeIQx is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and supporting genotoxicity data.[DHHS/National Toxicology Program; Eleventh Report on Carcinogens: 2-Amino-3,8-Dimethylimidazo
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构致癌剂:MeIQx
IARC Carcinogenic Agent:MeIQx
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构(IARC)致癌物分类:2B组:可能对人类致癌
IARC Carcinogenic Classes:Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构专著:第7卷补充:致癌性的总体评估:更新国际癌症研究机构专著第1至42卷,1987年;440页;ISBN 92-832-1411-0(已绝版)
IARC Monographs:Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print)
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
吸收、分配和排泄
烹饪肉类、鱼类或家禽时高温会产生杂环芳香胺(HAAs),这些物质可能会被代谢激活为致突变或致癌的中间产物。细胞色素P4501A2(CYP1A2)和N-乙酰转移酶(NAT2)是这些生物转化的主要酶……研究确定这两种酶的活性与尿液中未代谢和二期结合物MeIQx(2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉)和PhIP(2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑[4,5-b]吡啶)的排泄之间的关系。在研究中,受试者食用了含有已知量MeIQx和PhIP的肉类,并在餐后0-12小时和12-24小时收集尿液。尿液中的MeIQx和PhIP在酸处理后进行测量,酸处理定量地将二期结合物水解为相应的母胺。含有HAAs的提取物通过免疫亲和色谱纯化,并使用液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱进行分析。0-12小时尿液中MeIQx含量在酸水解后增加了3-21倍。经过酸处理后,0-12小时尿液中排出的MeIQx总量(未代谢加上N2-葡萄糖苷酸和磺酰胺代谢物)是剂量的10.5 +/- 3.5%(平均值+/-标准差),而0-12小时期间PhIP的总量(未代谢加上酸不稳定结合物)是剂量的4.3 +/- 1.7%(平均值+/-标准差)。酸处理后12-24小时尿液中PhIP的总量是剂量的0.9 +/- 0.4%(平均值+/-标准差)。对所有受试者0-12小时尿液中排出的MeIQx和PhIP量占摄入剂量的百分比进行线性回归分析,得到一个低但显著的相关性(r = 0.37,P = 0.005)。线性回归分析显示,尿液中MeIQx总量(未代谢加上N2-葡萄糖苷酸和磺酰胺代谢物)较低与CYP1A2活性较高有关,而尿液中PhIP总量(未代谢加上结合物)与CYP1A2活性无关联。这些结果表明,在人类中,MeIQx的代谢和处置比PhIP更受CYP1A2活性的影响。线性回归分析未发现NAT2活性与尿液中排出的MeIQx或PhIP水平(未代谢加上酸不稳定结合物)之间的关联。
Cooking meat, fish, or poultry at high temperature gives rise to heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs), which may be metabolically activated to mutagenic or carcinogenic intermediates. The enzymes cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) and N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) are principally implicated in such biotransformations ... The relationship between the activity of these two enzymes and the urinary excretion of unmetabolized and Phase II conjugates of the two HAAs MeIQx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) and PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) /was determined/ in individuals fed a uniform diet containing high-temperature cooked meat. The subjects in the study ate meat containing known amounts of MeIQx and PhIP, and urine collections were made 0-12 and 12-24 hr after a meal. MeIQx and PhIP were measured in urine after acid treatment that quantitatively hydrolyzes the Phase II conjugates to the respective parent amine. The extracts containing the HAAs were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography and analyzed by liquid chromatography using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The MeIQx content in the 0-12 hr urine increased after acid hydrolysis by a factor of 3-21-fold. After acid treatment, the total amount of MeIQx (unmetabolized plus the N2-glucuronide and sulfamate metabolites) excreted in the 0-12 hr urine was 10.5 +/- 3.5% (mean +/- SD) of the dose, whereas the total amount of PhIP (unmetabolized plus acid-labile conjugate(s)) in the 0-12 hr period was 4.3 +/- 1.7% (mean +/- SD) of the dose. The total amount of PhIP in the 12-24 hr urine after acid treatment was 0.9 +/- 0.4% (mean +/- SD) of the dose. Linear regression analysis of the amounts of MeIQx and PhIP excreted in the 0-12 hr period expressed as a percentage of the ingested dose, for all subjects, gave a low but significant correlation (r = 0.37, P = 0.005). Linear regression analyses showed that lower total MeIQx (unmetabolized plus the N2-glucuronide and sulfamate metabolites) in urine was associated with higher CYP1A2 activity, whereas total PhIP (unmetabolized plus conjugated) in urine showed no association to CYP1A2 activity. These results indicate that in humans, MeIQx metabolism and disposition are more strongly influenced by CYP1A2 activity than are those of PhIP. Linear regression analysis found no association between NAT2 activity and the levels (unmetabolized plus acid-labile conjugates) of MeIQx or PhIP excreted in urine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在给予BALB/c小鼠单次剂量的情况下,研究了放射性标记的[2-14]C-IQ(2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉)和[2-14]C-MeIQx(2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉)的分布动力学。两种化合物在给药后迅速进入血液和其它组织,大约20-25%的IQ或MeIQx放射性剂量在6小时内通过尿液排出,反映了这些诱变剂的快速吸收。从处理过的小鼠的肺和血液中分离出的MeIQx的水平显著高于IQ。在研究IQ从闭合肠道段的吸收时,从胃中几乎没有吸收IQ。尽管有一些证据表明它可能从大肠吸收,但IQ的主要吸收部位是小肠。
The kinetics of distribution of radiolabelled [2-14]C-IQ (2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) and [2-14]C-MeIQx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) following the oral administration to BALB/c mice of single doses were studied. Both compounds were taken up into the blood-stream and other tissues rapidly after administration, and approx 20-25% of the radioactive dose of IQ or MeIQx was excreted in urine over 6 hr, reflecting the rapid absorption of the mutagens. Significantly greater levels of MeIQx than IQ were isolated from the lungs and blood of treated mice. In studies of the uptake of IQ from closed sections of the gut, little IQ was absorbed from the stomach. Although there was some evidence that it could be absorbed from the large intestine, the primary site of IQ absorption was the small intestine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
研究了雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠对(14)C-2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]-喹喔啉(MeIQx)的吸收和排泄动力学。在口服(14)C-MeIQx (20 mg/kg)的72小时内,33-56%的放射性物质通过尿液排出,37-75%通过粪便排出,这占了剂量的99%以上。体内只残留了低水平的放射性。以每克组织的放射性表示时,肝和肾中的放射性最高,肺和大小肠中有少量检测到。24小时内,约25-50%的MeIQx剂量在胆汁中回收。胆汁中的代谢物在长时间内排出,其中一个放射性组分在2-3小时内迅速排出,第二个组分在10-12小时内排出。使用或不使用肝脏S-9活化的Salmonella typhimurium TA98评估胆汁中的代谢物对基因毒性的影响,发现它们以解毒产物形式存在。胆汁中残留的致突变活性主要归因于未代谢的MeIQx。
The absorption and kinetics of excretion of (14)C-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoxaline (MeIQx) was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Within 72 hr of an oral dose of (14)C-MeIQx (20 mg/kg) 33-56% of the radioactivity was excreted in the urine and 37-75% of the radioactivity in the feces, which accounted for greater than 99% of the dose. Only low levels of radioactivity remained in the body. Radioactivity, when expressed per gram of tissue, was highest in the liver and kidney with smaller amounts detected in the lung and both the small and large intestines. Between 25 and 50% of a dose of MeIQx was recovered in the bile within 24 hr. Biliary metabolites were excreted over a long period of time with one radioactive fraction rapidly excreted at 2-3 hr and a second fraction excreted at 10-12 hr. The metabolites present in bile were assessed for genotoxicity using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 with or without hepatic S-9 activation and were found to be present as detoxified products. The residual mutagenic activity present in bile was attributed primarily to unmetabolized MeIQx.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
... 2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)在大鼠体内的处置和代谢进行了研究。五只雌雄大鼠单次口服给予了(14)C标记的MeIQx(3-4 mg/kg体重)。雄性大鼠在给予的第一小时内通过尿液排出了剂量的36%的放射活性和15%的致突变活性。在雌性大鼠中,相应的尿液中包含了41%的放射活性和12%的致突变性。在接下来的48小时内,只有1-3%的放射性剂量通过尿液排出。剩余的剂量通过粪便排出,除了不到1%的剂量在72小时后被组织保留。肝脏和肾脏保留的放射性活性比其他器官更多。
The disposition and metabolism of ... 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) was studied in rats. Five rats of both sexes were given a single oral dose of (14)C-labeled MeIQx (3-4 mg/kg bw). The male rats excreted 36% of the radioactivity and 15% of the mutagenic activity of the dose given in the urine collected during the first 24 hr. In the females the corresponding urine contained 41% of the radioactivity and 12% of the mutagenicity. During the next 48 hr only 1-3% of the radioactive dose was excreted in urine. The remaining dose was excreted in the feces except for less than 1% that was retained by the tissues after 72 hr. The liver and kidney retained more radioactivity than other organs.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • RTECS号:
    NJ5925500
  • 海关编码:
    2933990090

SDS

SDS:51d6ce73d76515df439ecf76a2f1f9bb
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制备方法与用途

类别:有毒物品

可燃性危险特性

  • 可燃
  • 燃烧时产生有毒氮氧化物烟雾

储运特性

  • 应存放在通风良好、低温干燥的库房中

灭火剂

  • 干粉、泡沫、砂土、二氧化碳以及雾状水

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹恶啉 tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)氢气caesium carbonatetriethylamine tris(hydrogen fluoride)4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽三氯乙酸 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃甲醇二氯甲烷甲苯 为溶剂, 反应 6.0h, 生成 N2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline
    参考文献:
    名称:
    2'-脱氧鸟苷-C8加合物与杂环胺的化学合成:在合成与2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶定点加成的寡核苷酸中的应用。
    摘要:
    通过诱变/致癌杂环胺(HCA)合成2'-脱氧鸟苷-C8加合物(dG-C8加合物)是通过Buchwald-Hartwig芳基化反应完成的。通过使用三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(Pd(2)dba(3))和9,9-二甲基-4,5-双(二苯基膦基)氧杂蒽(xantphos)与碳酸铯(Cs(2)CO(3))在100的大约120摄氏度的反应温度下,我们获得了dG-C8加合物与2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹啉(IQ),2-氨基-6-甲基联吡啶[1]的衍生物, 2-a:3',2'-d]咪唑(Glu-P-1),3-氨基-1,4-二甲基-5H-吡啶并[4,3-b]吲哚(Trp-P-1),约69%的2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)和2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并[4,5-b]吡啶(PhIP) 8-溴脱氧鸟嘌呤衍生物的交叉偶联得到的收率。如果是PhIP,发现二甲基亚砜(DM
    DOI:
    10.1021/tx050296s
  • 作为产物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Grivas; Olsson, Acta chemica Scandinavica. Series B: Organic chemistry and biochemistry, 1985, vol. 39, # 1, p. 31 - 34
    摘要:
    DOI:
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文献信息

  • SYNTHESIS OF 2-AMINO-3,8-DIMETHYLIMIDAZO[4,5-<i>f</i>]QUINOXALINE (Me-IQx), A POTENT MUTAGEN ISOLATED FROM FRIED BEEF
    作者:Hiroshi Kasai、Tomoko Shiomi、Takashi Sugimura、Susumu Nishimura
    DOI:10.1246/cl.1981.675
    日期:1981.5.5
    A potent mutagen, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (Me-IQx), isolated from fried beef and its 3,7-dimethyl derivative were synthesized from 6-amino-3-methylquinoxa1ine and 6-amino-2-methylquinoxaline, respectively. These compounds showed strong mutagenic activity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S9 Mix.
    一种强效突变原,2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹啉(Me-IQx),从炸牛肉中分离得到,其3,7-二甲基衍生物是由6-氨基-3-甲基喹喔啉和6-氨基-2-甲基喹喔啉合成的。这些化合物在S9混合物存在下对沙门氏菌泰菲木菌TA98表现出强烈的突变活性。
  • Regioselective Differences in C<sup>8</sup>- and N-Oxidation of 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-<i>f</i>]quinoxaline by Human and Rat Liver Microsomes and Cytochromes P450 1A2
    作者:Robert J. Turesky、Véronique Parisod、Tuong Huynh-Ba、Sophie Langouët、F. Peter Guengerich
    DOI:10.1021/tx010035s
    日期:2001.7.1
    The metabolism of the mutagen 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) was investigated with human and rat liver microsomes, recombinant human cytochrome P450 1A2 (P450 1A2) expressed in Escherichia coli cells, and rat P450 1A2. Human liver microsomes and human P450 1A2 catalyzed the oxidation of the exocyclic amine group of MeIQx to form the genotoxic product 2-(hydroxyamino)-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4
    用人和大鼠的肝微粒体,在大肠杆菌细胞中表达的重组人细胞色素P450 1A2(P450 1A2),研究了诱变剂2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)的代谢大鼠P450 1A2。人肝微粒体和人P450 1A2催化MeIQx环外胺基的氧化,形成遗传毒性产物2-(羟氨基)-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(HONH-MeIQx)。人类P450 1A2还催化MeIQx的C(8)-甲基氧化形成2-氨基-(8-羟甲基)-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(8-CH(2)OH-IQx ),2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉-8-甲醛(IQx-8-CHO)和2-氨基-3-甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉-8-羧酸(IQx-8-COOH)。从而,MeIQx的化学稳定的C(8)-氧化产物可能是人类P450 1A2活性的有用生物标志物。当表示为每纳摩尔P450 1A2每分
  • Metabolism of 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-<i>f</i>]- quinoxaline in Human Hepatocytes:  2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-<i>f</i>]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic Acid Is a Major Detoxication Pathway Catalyzed by Cytochrome P450 1A2
    作者:Sophie Langouët、Dieter H. Welti、Nathalie Kerriguy、Laurent B. Fay、Tuong Huynh-Ba、Jovanka Markovic、F. Peter Guengerich、André Guillouzo、Robert J. Turesky
    DOI:10.1021/tx000176e
    日期:2001.2.1
    8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, which is formed by cytochrome P450 1A2 (P450 1A2), was found to be transformed into the N(2)-glucuronide conjugate, N(2)-(beta-1-glucosiduronyl)-2-(hydroxyamino)-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline. The phase II conjugates N(2)-(3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-2-yl)sulfamic acid and N(2)-(beta-1-glucosiduronyl)-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline, as well
    诱变剂2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)的代谢途径在人类中仍未完全表征。在这项研究中,对人类原代肝细胞中MeIQx的代谢进行了研究。通过紫外线和质谱对六种代谢物进行了表征。新型代谢物还通过1H NMR光谱进行了表征。发现由细胞色素P450 1A2(P450 1A2)形成的致癌代谢物2-(羟氨基)-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉可转化为N(2)-葡糖醛酸共轭物,N(2)-(β-1-葡萄糖基十二烷基)-2-(羟基氨基)-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉。II期共轭N(2)-(3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉-2-基)氨基磺酸和N(2)-(β-1-葡糖二硼酰基)-2-氨基-3, 8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉 以及MeIQx和N-去甲基-MeIQx的7-氧代衍生物,2-氨基-3,8-二甲基-6-氢-7H-咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉-7
  • Metabolism of the Food-Borne Mutagen 2-Amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-<i>f</i>]quinoxaline in Humans
    作者:Robert J. Turesky、R. Colin Garner、Dieter H. Welti、Janique Richoz、Steve H. Leveson、Karen H. Dingley、Kenneth W. Turteltaub、Laurent B. Fay
    DOI:10.1021/tx9701891
    日期:1998.3.1
    8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-2-yl)sulfamic acid (MeIQx-N2-SO3(-)) and N2-(beta-1-glucosiduronyl)-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoxaline (MeIQx-N2-Gl). Two other metabolites were the cytochrome P450-mediated (P450) oxidation products 2-amino-8-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (8-CH2OH-MeIQx), and N2-(beta-1-glucosiduronyl)-N-hydroxy-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidaz o[4,5-f]quinoxaline (NOH-MeIQx-N2-Gl)
    在五名人类志愿者中研究了2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx)的代谢,这些志愿者的饮食等效为14C标记的MeIQx。尿中排泄的剂量范围为20.2%至58.6%,未代谢的MeIQx占剂量的0.7-2.8%。尿液中检测到5种主要代谢物,其中4种衍生物通过在线UV光谱和免疫亲和层析后的HPLC-MS表征。两种代谢物被鉴定为II期共轭物N2-(3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉-2-基)氨基磺酸(MeIQx-N2-SO3(-))和N2-(β-1-葡糖二硬脂酰基)-2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑并[4,5-f]喹喔啉(MeIQx-N2-Gl)。另外两个代谢物是细胞色素P450介导的(P450)氧化产物2-氨基-8-(羟甲基)-3-甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉(8-CH2OH-MeIQx)和N2-(beta-1-glucosiduronyl)-N-hydroxy-2-amino-3
  • Silica gel linked to a phthalocyanine compound and a method for treating polycyclic organic substances therewith
    申请人:SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITED
    公开号:EP0157549A2
    公开(公告)日:1985-10-09
    Silica gel is treated with a reactive phthalocyanine compound to form the blue silica gel, which has a phthalocyanine keleton linked through an organic group. Typically, a phthalo- yanine reactive dye is used for the reaction with silica gel at :s hydroxyl or other reactive site. The blue silica gel easily ad- orbs and desorbs the polycyclic organic substances in a solu- ion. The blue silica gel can be used for the separation or re- noval of the mutagenic substances from the environment, oodstuffs, etc.
    硅胶经活性酞菁化合物处理后形成蓝色硅胶,蓝色硅胶具有通过有机基团连接的酞菁骨架。通常情况下,使用酞菁活性染料与硅胶的羟基或其他活性位点发生反应。蓝色硅胶很容易吸附和解吸溶液中的多环有机物。蓝色硅胶可用于从环境、食品等中分离或去除诱变物质。
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