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苯并[b]荧蒽 | 205-99-2

中文名称
苯并[b]荧蒽
中文别名
苯并(B)荧蒽;苯并(b)萤蒽;苯并(b)荧蒽;苯并[b]萤蒽;苯并[e]荧蒽;[b]荧蒽苯并;苯并(b)萤;苯并萤蒽
英文名称
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
英文别名
benzo[e]acephenanthrylene;pentacyclo[10.7.1.02,7.08,20.013,18]icosa-1(19),2(7),3,5,8(20),9,11,13,15,17-decaene
苯并[b]荧蒽化学式
CAS
205-99-2
化学式
C20H12
mdl
——
分子量
252.315
InChiKey
FTOVXSOBNPWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    163-165 °C(lit.)
  • 沸点:
    481°C(lit.)
  • 密度:
    1.1549 (estimate)
  • 闪点:
    -18 °C
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于大多数溶剂(USEPA,1985)
  • 物理描述:
    Benzo[b]fluoranthene appears as needles or yellow fluffy powder. (NTP, 1992)
  • 颜色/状态:
    Needles from benzene
  • 蒸汽压力:
    5.0X10-7 mm Hg at 20 °C
  • 亨利常数:
    6.57e-07 atm-m3/mole
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    - 存在于主流烟气中。 - IARC致癌性评估:证据充分。
  • 分解:
    Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Carbon oxides.[Sigma-Aldrich; Safety Data Sheet for Benzo
  • 碰撞截面:
    150.2 Ų [M*]+
  • 保留指数:
    2671;2711;2705;2703.2;2729.8;441.7;442.1;442.7;442.1;443.9;442;442.9

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    6.4
  • 重原子数:
    20
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    5.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

代谢
1,2-和11,12-二氢二醇,以及苯并(b)荧蒽的4-、7-、6-单羟基衍生物已被检测为代谢物。
The 1,2 and the 11,12-dihydrodiols, as well as the 4-, 7-, 6-, monohydroxy derivatives of benzo(b)fluoranthene, have been detected as metabolites.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
多环芳烃的致癌形式是由于它们通过混合功能氧化酶系统被氧化成二醇-环氧化物衍生物。这些化合物含有高度反应性的“湾区”,这些区域很可能会与DNA共价结合。/多环芳烃/
The carcinogenic form of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons results from their oxidation by the mixed-function oxidase system to diol-epoxide derivatives. These compounds contain highly reactive "bay regions" that probably bind covalently to DNA. /Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
多环芳烃(PAH)的代谢激活包括未取代多环芳烃环的氧化...和取代烷基多环芳烃烷基组的氧化...。这些氧化作用是由含有细胞色素p450和p448的肝脏“混合功能”氧化酶执行的,并且需要还原型烟酸腺嘌呤二核苷酸和氧气。在这种氧化过程中,形成了环氧中间体,已经证明这种中间体具有与DNA和组蛋白形成共价复合物所需的化学活性,并作为多环芳烃最终致癌形式的代表。强致癌性的甲基化多环芳烃...似乎是通过微囊代谢将其氧化成羟甲基化合物来进行代谢激活的。另一种代谢激活 alkylated 多环芳烃的方式是形成碳正离子,这些碳正离子似乎与DNA结合,并具有中等的致癌活性。多环芳烃还可能转化成能够与DNA结合的自由基阳离子...。因此,目前看来,多环芳烃的代谢激活可能涉及环氧es、自由基的形成,对于alkylated多环芳烃,还会形成碳正离子。/多环芳烃/
Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) consists of an oxidation of the rings of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ... & oxidation of the alkyl group of alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ... . These oxidations are carried out by "mixed function" oxidases of the liver, which contain cytochromes p450 and p448, and require reduced nicotine adenine dinucleotide and oxygen. In this oxidation, an epoxide intermediate is formed which has been shown to have the requisite chemical reactivity to form covalent complexes with DNA and histones and to serve as the ultimate carcinogenic form of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Potent carcinogenic methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ... appears to be metabolically activated by oxidation to an hydroxymethyl compound by microsomal metabolism. Another type of metabolic activation of alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is the formation of carbonium ions, which appear to bind with DNA, & which have moderate carcinogenic activity. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon may also be converted to radical cations capable of DNA complexing ... . Thus at present it appears that metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can involve the formation of epoxides, free radicals, & for alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons carbonium ions. /Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
大鼠肝脏9000x g上清液对苯并(b)荧蒽的代谢进行了研究。主要代谢物通过与合成样品比较鉴定为5-和6-羟基苯并(b)荧蒽。在这些条件下形成的主要二氢二醇代谢物是反式-11,12-二氢-11,12-二羟基苯并(b)荧蒽,通过与合成化合物比较而鉴定。1,2-二氢-1,2-二羟基苯并(b)荧蒽通过其质谱鉴定。没有获得形成7b,8-二氢-7b,8-二羟基苯并(b)荧蒽或反式-9,10-二氢-9,10-二羟基苯并(b)荧蒽的证据。
The metabolism by rat liver 9000x g supernatant of benzo(b)fluoranthene was investigated. The major metabolites were identified by comparison to synthetic samples as 5- and 6-hydroxybenzo(b)fluoranthene. The principal dihydrodiol metabolite formed under these conditions was trans-11,12-dihydro-11,12-dihydroxybenzo(b)fluoranthene, which was identified by comparison to the synthetic compound. 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxybenzo(b)fluoranthene was identified by its mass spectrum. No evidence was obtained for the formation of 7b,8-dihydro-7b,8-dihydroxybenzo(b)fluoranthene or trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo(b)fluoranthene.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
多环芳烃(PAHs)的代谢发生在所有组织中,通常通过细胞色素P-450及其相关酶进行。多环芳烃被代谢成反应性中间体,其中包括环氧中间体、二氢二醇、酚、醌以及它们的各种组合。酚、醌和二氢二醇都可以与葡萄糖苷酸和硫酸酯结合;醌还可以形成谷胱甘肽结合物。
PAH metabolism occurs in all tissues, usually by cytochrome P-450 and its associated enzymes. PAHs are metabolized into reactive intermediates, which include epoxide intermediates, dihydrodiols, phenols, quinones, and their various combinations. The phenols, quinones, and dihydrodiols can all be conjugated to glucuronides and sulfate esters; the quinones also form glutathione conjugates. (L10)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:苯并(b)荧蒽(B(b)F)是一种固体。B(b)F是工业上用作电极粘合剂的煤焦油沥青的一个组成部分。它也是用于木材防腐的杂酚油的一个组成部分。B(b)F作为研究化学物质有一定的用途。多环芳烃是一组在煤炭、石油、天然气、木材、垃圾或其他有机物质,如烟草和烧烤肉类的不完全燃烧过程中形成的化学物质。人类暴露和毒性:急性毒性很少报道。通过皮肤和肺部吸收高风险多环芳烃(PAHs)会导致皮肤和肺癌发病率的增加。焦炉排放物是由煤和焦炭材料组成的复杂混合物,包括多环芳烃,对暴露工人的流行病学研究表明,肺癌和尿路癌症的发病率增加。煤烟、焦油和杂酚油含有包括PAHs在内的多种副产品 and 污染物,流行病学研究显示皮肤、肺、膀胱和胃肠癌的发病率增加。B(b)F被合理地预期为人类致癌物。动物研究:苯并(b)荧蒽通过肺植入、腹膜内注射、皮下注射和皮肤涂敷使小鼠产生肿瘤。苯并[b]荧蒽的皮肤应用导致皮肤肿瘤,而苯并[b]荧蒽的皮下注射导致注射部位(肉瘤)的癌症。苯并[b]荧蒽通过肺内植入导致雌性大鼠肺癌(癌)。苯并[b]荧蒽的腹膜内注射导致雄性小鼠(一种自发肺癌发病率高的品系)良性肺肿瘤(腺瘤)和新生雄性小鼠的良性或恶性肝肿瘤(肝细胞腺瘤或癌)。母体B[b]F暴露干扰了F1后代的正常精子功能。苯并(b)荧蒽在浓度为100微克/平板的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA100株和7纳米摩尔/平板的TA98株(带有一个外源代谢系统)具有致突变性。苯并(b)荧蒽在给予两次450毫克/千克体重的腹膜内剂量后,在中国仓鼠骨髓细胞中显示姐妹染色单体交换。生态毒性研究:原油中最有毒的PAHs可以在胶状浮游动物中生物累积,并可能沿着食物网传递并污染顶级捕食者。长期暴露于沉积物结合的PAHs可能会在海洋鱼类鳃上引起病变。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Benzo(b)fluoranthene (B(b)F) is a solid. B(b)F is a component of coal tar pitch used in industry as a binder for electrodes. It is also a component of creosote, which is used to preserve wood. B(b)F has some use as a research chemical. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, or other organic substances, such as tobacco and charbroiled meat. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Acute toxicity is rarely reported. Exposure to high-risk polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by skin and lung absorption results in increased incidences of skin and lung cancer. Coke oven emissions are complex mixtures of coal and coke material that include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, an epidemiological study of exposed workers indicated increased incidences of lung and urinary tract cancer. Soots, tars, and creosote contain a variety of by-products and contaminants that include PAHs, an epidemiological study demonstrates increased incidences of skin, lung, bladder and gastrointestinal cancer. B(b)F is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. ANIMAL STUDIES: Benzo(b)fluoranthene produced tumors in mice after lung implantation, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous injection, and skin painting. Dermal application of benzo[b]fluoranthene caused skin tumors, and subcutaneous injection of benzo[b]fluoranthene caused cancer at the injection site (sarcoma). Benzo[b]fluoranthene caused lung cancer (carcinoma) in female rats exposed by intrapulmonary implantation. Intraperitoneal injection of benzo[b]fluoranthene caused benign lung tumors (adenoma) in male mice (a strain with a high spontaneous incidence of lung cancer) and benign or malignant liver tumors (hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma) in newborn male mice. Maternal B[b]F exposure disturbed normal sperm function in F1 offspring. Benzo(b)fluoranthene was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium at a concentration of 100 ug/plate in strain TA100 and at 7 nmole/plate in strain TA98 with an exogenous metabolic system. Benzo(b)fluoranthene showed sister chromatid exchange in Chinese hamster bone marrow cells following two doses of 450 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Some of the most toxic PAHs of crude oil can be bioaccumulated in gelatinous zooplankton and potentially be transferred up the food web and contaminate apex predators. Chronic exposures to sediment-bound PAHs may induce lesions in gills in marine fish.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
多环芳烃(PAHs)能够与血液中的蛋白质,如白蛋白结合,从而在体内进行传输。许多多环芳烃通过结合芳烃受体或甘氨酸N-甲基转移酶蛋白,诱导细胞色素P450酶的表达,尤其是CYP1A1、CYP1A2和CYP1B1。这些酶将多环芳烃代谢成其有毒的中间产物。多环芳烃的反应性代谢物(环氧化物中间体、二氢二醇、酚、醌及其各种组合)与DNA和其他细胞大分子共价结合,启动突变和致癌过程。
The ability of PAH's to bind to blood proteins such as albumin allows them to be transported throughout the body. Many PAH's induce the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes, especially CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1, by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor or glycine N-methyltransferase protein. These enzymes metabolize PAH's into their toxic intermediates. The reactive metabolites of PAHs (epoxide intermediates, dihydrodiols, phenols, quinones, and their various combinations) covalently bind to DNA and other cellular macromolecules, initiating mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. (L10, L23, A27, A32)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
分类:B2;可能的人类致癌物。分类依据:基于没有人类数据和足够的动物生物测定数据。苯并[b]荧蒽在经过肺植入、腹腔注射(i.p.)或皮下注射(s.c.)以及皮肤涂抹后,在小鼠中诱发肿瘤。人类致癌性数据:无。动物致癌性数据:足够。
CLASSIFICATION: B2; probable human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on no human data and sufficient data from animal bioassays. Benzo[b]fluoranthene produced tumors in mice after lung implantation, intraperitoneal (i.p.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection and skin painting.HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
没有关于人类的数据。有充分的证据表明对动物具有致癌性。总体评估:2B组:该物质可能对人类具有致癌性。
No data are available in humans. Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. OVERALL EVALUATION: Group 2B: The agent is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
A2; 怀疑的人类致癌物。
A2; Suspected human carcinogen.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
多环芳烃(PNAs)在脂肪组织和脂类中具有很高的溶解性。哺乳动物摄入的大部分多环芳烃会被氧化,其代谢物被排出体外。关于体内残留低浓度多环芳烃的影响尚未有文献记载。/多环芳烃/
It has been observed that polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs) are highly soluble in adipose tissue and lipids. Most of the PNAs taken in by mammals are oxidized & the metabolites excreted. Effects of that portion remaining in the body at low levels have not been documented. /Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(b)
  • 危险品标志:
    N,T,Xn,F,Xi
  • 安全说明:
    S16,S26,S36/37,S45,S53,S60,S61,S62,S7,S9
  • 危险类别码:
    R67,R38,R36,R45,R50/53,R11,R23/24/25,R39/23/24/25,R65
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • RTECS号:
    CU1400000
  • 海关编码:
    2902909090
  • 包装等级:
    III
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(b)
  • 危险标志:
    GHS02,GHS07,GHS08,GHS09
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
  • 危险性描述:
    H225,H304,H315,H336,H410
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P210,P261,P273,P301 + P310,P331,P501

SDS

SDS:e66aaff9c5e527cf5092d095c68b0c0e
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国标编号:
CAS: 205-99-2
中文名称: 苯并[b]荧蒽
英文名称: Benzo[b]fluorathene;BbF
别 名: 多环芳烃(PAH);稠环芳烃
分子式: C 20 H 12
分子量: 252
熔 点: 167℃
密 度:
蒸汽压:
溶解性: 不溶于水,表面活性剂可增加其水中溶解度,在橄榄油中
稳定性:
外观与性状:
危险标记:
用 途: 本品在工业上无生产和使用价值,一般只作为生产过程中形成的副产物随废气排放

2.对环境的影响
毒性毒理:人们对环境中多环芳烃的毒性的全面研究还比较少。在环境中很少遇到单一的多环芳烃(PAH),而PAH混合物中可能发生很多相互作用。PAH化合物中有不少是致癌物质,但并非直接致癌物,必须经细胞微粒中的混合功能氧化酶激活后才具有致癌性。第一步为氧化和羟化作用,产生的环氧化物或酚类可能再以解毒反应生成葡萄糖苷、硫酸盐或谷胱甘肽结合物,但某些环氧化物可能代谢成二氢二醇,它依次通过结合而生成可溶性的解毒产物或氧化成二醇-环氧化物,这后一类化合物被认为是引起癌症的终致癌物。PAH的化学结构与致癌活性有关,分子结构的改变,常引起致癌活性显著变化。在苯环骈合类的多环芳烃中有致癌活性的只是4至6环的环芳烃中的一部分。苯并[b]荧蒽的相对致癌性很强。

代谢、降解、蓄积:PAH具有高度的脂溶性,易于经哺乳动物的内脏和肺吸收,能迅速地从血液和肝脏中被清除,并广泛分布于各种组织中,特别倾向于分布在体脂中。虽然PAG有高度的脂溶性,但是在动物或人的脂肪中几乎无生物蓄积作用的倾向,主要因为PAH能迅速和广泛地被代谢,代谢产物主要以水溶性化合物从尿和粪中排泄。在环境大气和水体中的PAH受到足够能量的阳光中紫外线的照射时会发生光解作用,土壤中的某些微生物可以使PAH降解,但分子量较大的苯并[b]荧蒽的光解、水解和生物降解是很微弱的。
迁移、转化:环境中的PAH主要来源于煤和石油的燃烧,也可来自垃圾焚烧或森林大火。其生成量同燃烧设备和燃烧温度等因素有关,如大型锅炉生成量很低,家用煤炉生成量很高。柴油和汽油机的排气中,以及炼油厂、煤焦油加工厂和沥青加工厂等排出的废气和废水中都含有PAH。PAH还存在于熏制的食物和香烟烟雾中。

苯并[b]荧蒽的存在与迁移,据有关资料介绍:汽车排气中含7.7mg/1000m3BbF,排气焦油中含量为64mg/kg。重质液化石油气的汽车走动时废气中含量为3.9mg/1000m3。城市空气中浓度为0.5~1.5μg/1000m3或0.25~0.3μg,最高值是12月份。PAH大多吸附在大气和水中的微小颗粒物上,大气中的PAH为通过沉降和降水而污染土壤和地面水,研究表明,除了工业排污外,大气降水是径流排水中PAH的主要来源。由于PAH的水中溶解度低和亲脂性较强,因此该类化合物易于从不中分配到沉积物、有机质及生物体内,其结果使水中PAH的浓度较低,而在沉积物中残留浓度较高。

3.现场应急监测方法


4.实验室监测方法
高效液相色谱法(GB13198-91,水质)
气相色谱法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版),杭士平编
气相色谱法《固体废弃物试验分析评价手册》中国环境监测总站等译

5.环境标准

欧洲共同体(1975)饮用水 0.0001mg/L(PAH)

6.应急处理处置方法
处置:由于PAH与悬浮固体紧密结合,所以可以通过采用水处理措施降低浊度来保证PAH含量降至最低水平。
预防措施:由于PAH污染人类环境的范围很广,产生污染的具体原因很多,所以预防措施涉及的工艺操作过程,废水废气的综合利用和处理,自来水的净化和消毒,改进汽油燃烧过程,改良食品烟熏剂,提供间接烘烤,养成个人卫生习惯(不吸烟或少吸烟)等。

制备方法与用途

用途
苯并(b)荧蒽标准溶液主要用于校准仪器和装置、评价方法、工作标准以及质量保证/质量控制等领域。它通常仅作为生产过程中的副产物随废气排放。此外,它还用于其他相关应用。

类别
有毒物品

可燃性危险特性
苯并(b)荧蒽标准溶液可燃,并在燃烧时会产生刺激性的烟雾。

储运特性
应保持通风、低温和干燥的储存条件。

灭火剂
适宜使用干粉、泡沫、沙土、二氧化碳或雾状水进行灭火。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    苯并[b]荧蒽 在 cerric ammonium sulphate 、 硫酸 作用下, 以 乙腈 为溶剂, 反应 5.0h, 以53%的产率得到benzofluoreno<2,1-b>pyran-5,13-dione
    参考文献:
    名称:
    A study of chemical carcinogenesis. 109. Oxidation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons with ceric ammonium sulfate: preparation of quinones and lactones
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1021/jo00240a013
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    9-溴菲重铬酸吡啶正丁基锂 、 PPA 、 2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌 作用下, 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂, 反应 4.5h, 生成 苯并[b]荧蒽
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Polycyclic fluoranthene hydrocarbons. 2. A new general synthesis
    摘要:
    DOI:
    10.1021/jo00235a005
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文献信息

  • Synthesis of cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons utilizing aryl-substituted anilines
    作者:Yeojin Choi、Tanmay Chatterjee、Jun Kim、Jun Soo Kim、Eun Jin Cho
    DOI:10.1039/c6ob01235c
    日期:——
    Cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (CP-PAHs), potentially electronically and biologically highly active materials, were synthesized from readily available 2-aryl-substituted anilines. Reactions occur under extremely mild, room temperature conditions using tBuONO as the sole reagent. The use of a nitrite source generates a reactive diazonium intermediate in situ that then reacts with
    从容易获得的2-芳基取代的苯胺合成了具有潜在电子和生物学活性的环戊烷稠合多环芳烃(CP-PAHs)。反应在极端温和的室温条件下进行,使用t BuONO作为唯一试剂。使用亚硝酸盐源可在原位生成反应性重氮中间体,然后该中间体通过分子内芳族取代与连接的多环芳族部分反应。该协议可以作为访问CP-PAH的最简单方法之一。
  • A novel and practical synthesis of polycyclic fluoranthenes
    作者:Bongsup P. Cho
    DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(95)00314-3
    日期:1995.4
    A novel and general preparation of polycyclic fluoranthenes is described. The synthesis involves a Michael addition of silyl enol ethers to dibenzofulvene followed by cyclization and aromatization.
    描述了一种新颖且通用的多环荧光素的制备方法。合成包括将甲硅烷基烯醇醚迈克尔加成至二苯并富勒烯,然后环化和芳构化。
  • Gold-Catalyzed Cyclizations of<i>cis</i>-Enediynes: Insights into the Nature of Gold-Aryne Interactions
    作者:Youliang Wang、Akop Yepremyan、Subir Ghorai、Robert Todd、Donald H. Aue、Liming Zhang
    DOI:10.1002/anie.201301057
    日期:2013.7.22
    Golden aryne? Gold aryne complexes are inferred as transition states in dual goldcatalyzed cyclizations of cis‐enediynes (see scheme; DCE=1,2‐dichloroethane). They are better described as ortho‐aurophenyl cations, which react with weak nucleophiles and undergo facile intramolecular insertions into C(sp3)H bonds. Indanes, fused heteroarenes, and phenol derivatives are readily prepared using this method
    金亚宁?金芳炔配合物被推断为双金催化的顺式烯二炔环化中的过渡态(参见方案;DCE=1,2-二氯乙烷)。它们被更好地描述为邻-金苯基阳离子,它与弱亲核试剂反应并进行分子内插入 C(sp 3 )  H 键。使用这种方法很容易制备茚满、稠合杂芳烃和苯酚衍生物。
  • Emission Factors and Importance of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PCNs, PAHs and PM<sub>10</sub> from the Domestic Burning of Coal and Wood in the U.K.
    作者:Robert G. M. Lee、Peter Coleman、Joanne L. Jones、Kevin C. Jones、Rainer Lohmann
    DOI:10.1021/es048745i
    日期:2005.3.1
    fuels. However, their combined emissions from the domestic burning of coal and wood would contribute only a few percent to annual U.K. emission estimates. Emissions of PAHs and PM10 were major contributors to U.K. national emission inventories. Major emissions were found from the domestic burning for Cl1,2,3DFs, while the contribution of PCDD/F-sigmaTEQ to total U.K. emissions was minor.
    本文介绍了当煤和木材经过受控燃烧实验时针对一系列持久性有机污染物(POPs)得出的排放因子(EFs),旨在模拟空间供暖的家庭燃烧。排放了各种各样的持久性有机污染物,煤炭的排放量高于木材的排放量。对于颗粒物,PM10(大约10 g / kg燃料)和多环芳烃(对于sigmaPAHs大约100 mg / kg燃料)获得了最高的EF。对于氯化物,多氯联苯(PCB)的EF最高,而多氯萘(PCN),二苯并-对-二恶英(PCDD)和二苯并呋喃(PCDF)的丰度较低。对于sigmaPCB,EF大约为1000 ng / kg燃料,对于sigmaPCNs大约为100s ng / kg燃料,对于sigmaPCDD / Fs大约为100 ng / kg燃料。该研究证实,一氯化至三氯化二苯并呋喃Cl1,2,3DFs是低温燃烧过程(如煤炭和木材的国内燃烧)的有力指标。结论是,在固体燃料燃烧期间通常形成许多PCB和PC
  • Extended Study of Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic [4 + 2] Benzannulation: Synthesis of Polycyclic (Hetero)Aromatics
    作者:Tanmay Chatterjee、Da Seul Lee、Eun Jin Cho
    DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.7b00413
    日期:2017.4.21
    extended study of [4 + 2] benzannulation reactions of 2-(hetero)aryl-substituted anilines with alkynes by visible light photocatalysis. The method requires the use of tBuONO as a diazotizing agent and 0.3 mol % of fac-Ir(ppy)3 as a photocatalyst at room temperature. The reaction proceeded in a chemo- and regioselective manner with high functional group tolerance under mild conditions allowing the preparation
    本文中,我们报道了2-(杂)芳基取代的苯胺与炔烃的[4 + 2]苯并环反应通过可见光催化的扩展研究。该方法需要在室温下使用t BuONO作为重氮化剂,并使用0.3 mol%的fac -Ir(ppy)3作为光催化剂。反应在温和条件下以化学和区域选择性方式进行,具有较高的官能团耐受性,从而可以以中等至高收率制备各种多环(杂)芳族化合物,包括菲。该方法适用于9-苯基菲的克规模合成。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
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mass
cnmr
ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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