Euodenine A: A Small-Molecule Agonist of Human TLR4
摘要:
A small-molecule natural product, euodenine A (1), was identified as an agonist of the human TLR4 receptor. Euodenine A was isolated from the leaves of Euodia asteridula (Rutaceae) found in Papua New Guinea and has an unusual U-shaped structure. It was synthesized along with a series of analogues that exhibit potent and selective agonism of the TLR4 receptor. SAR development around the cyclobutane ring resulted in a 10-fold increase in potency. The natural product demonstrated an extracellular site of action, which requires the extracellular domain of TLR4 to stimulate a NF-kappa B reporter response. 1 is a human-selective agonist that is CD14-independent, and it requires both TLR4 and MD-2 for full efficacy. Testing for immunomodulation in PBMC cells shows the induction of the cytokines IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IL-12p40 as well as suppression of IL-5 from activated PBMCs, indicating that compounds like 1 could modulate the Th2 immune response without causing lung damage.
Mizoroki–Heck Reaction of Unstrained Aryl Ketones via Ligand-Promoted C–C Bond Olefination
作者:Mei-Ling Wang、Hui Xu、Han-Yuan Li、Biao Ma、Zhen-Yu Wang、Xing Wang、Hui-Xiong Dai
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00296
日期:2021.3.19
Mizoroki–Heck reaction of unstrained arylketone with acrylate/styrene is accomplished via palladium-catalyzed ligand-promoted C–C bond cleavage. Various (hetero)arylketones are compatible in the reaction, affording the alkene product in good to excellent yields. Further applications in the late-stage olefination of some drugs, natural products, and fragrance-derived arylketones demonstrate the synthetic utility
Arylketones as Aryl Donors in Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Couplings
作者:Zhen-Yu Wang、Biao Ma、Hui Xu、Xing Wang、Xu Zhang、Hui-Xiong Dai
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03048
日期:2021.11.5
Herein, we report the arylation, alkylation, and alkenylation of aryl ketones via a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The use of the pyridine-oxazoline ligand is the key to the cleavage of the unstrained C–C bond. The late-stage arylation of aryl ketones derived from drugs and natural products demonstrated the synthetic utility of this protocol.
electrophiles via Ar–C(O) cleavage remains a challenging yet highly desirable transformation in Sonogashira-type coupling. Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed ligand-promoted alkynylation of unstrained aryl ketones. The protocol allows the alkynylation to be carried out in a one-pot procedure with broad functional-group tolerance and substrate scope. The potential applications of this protocol
Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α-Fluoro Ketones via a Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Strategy
作者:Xuefeng Tan、Weijun Zeng、Jialin Wen、Xumu Zhang
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02565
日期:2020.9.18
The discrimination of a fluorine atom from a hydrogen atom has been challenging in asymmetric catalysis. We herein report iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of α-fluoro ketones using a strategy of dynamic kinetic resolution. Both enantiomeric and diastereomeric selectivities were satisfactory in the preparation of β-fluoro alcohols. The DFT calculation revealed a C–F···Na charge–dipole interaction in
Rh‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aldehydes with Allylboronates Enables Facile Access to Ketones
作者:Kezhuo Zhang、Jiaxin Huang、Wanxiang Zhao
DOI:10.1002/chem.202103851
日期:2022.3.10
A novel strategy for the preparation of ketones from aldehydes and allylic boronic esters is presented. This reaction involves the allylation of aldehydes with allylic boronic esters and the Rh-catalyzed chain-walking of homoallylic alcohols. This approach features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, and excellent functional groups. Mechanistic studies also supported that a tandem allylation