1-O-cis-cinnamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is one of the most potent allelochemicals isolated from Spiraea thunbergii Sieb. It is suggested that it derives its strong inhibitory activity from cis-cinnamic acid, which is crucial for phytotoxicity. It was synthesized to confirm its structure and bioactivity, and also a series of cis-cinnamic acid analogues were prepared to elucidate the key features of cis-cinnamic acid for lettuce root growth inhibition. The cis-cyclopropyl analogue showed potent inhibitory activity while the saturated and alkyne analogues proved to be inactive, demonstrating the importance of the as-double bond. Moreover, the aromatic ring could not be replaced with a saturated ring. However, the 1,3-dienylcyclo-hexene analogue showed strong activity. These results suggest that the geometry of the C-C double bond between the carboxyl group and the aromatic ring is essential for potent inhibitory activity. In addition, using several light sources, the photostability of the cinnamic acid derivatives and the role of the C-C double bond were also investigated. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
[EN] A SINGLE STEP ENANTIOSELECTIVE PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 3-SUBSTITUTED CHIRAL PHTHALIDES<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉ ÉNANTIOSÉLECTIF EN UNE SEULE ÉTAPE POUR LA PRÉPARATION DE PHTALIDES CHIRAUX 3-SUBSTITUÉS
申请人:COUNCIL SCIENT IND RES
公开号:WO2013072830A9
公开(公告)日:2014-02-20
Coating composition
申请人:Gallagher Michael K.
公开号:US20080248331A1
公开(公告)日:2008-10-09
The invention relates to organic coating compositions useful for photolithographic processes including the manufacture of semiconductors and other electronic devices. Compositions of the invention comprise component that comprise a nitrile-containing component, such as a resin component that contains nitrile moieties. Compositions of the invention are particularly useful as an underlayer material in two, three, four or more layer pattern forming processes.