β-apo-13-Carotenone is identified as enzymatic cleavage products of β-carotene in homogenates of intestinal mucosa of rat. β-apo-13-carotenone is found to antagonize the activation of RXRα by 9-cis-retinoic acid and is effective at concentrations as low as 1nM. Molecular modeling studies reveal that β-apo-13-carotenone makes molecular interactions like an antagonist of RXRα. β-apo-13-carotenone competes for 9cRA binding to RXRα with an affinity (7–8 nM) identical to 9cRA itself. β-apo-13-carotenone antagonizes 9cRA activation of full-length hRXRα with a similar efficiency as the known antagonist UVI3003. β-apo-13-carotenone induces formation of the RXRα transcriptionally silent tetramer but does not inhibit coactivator recruitment to the isolated LBD. The uptake and/or metabolism of β-apo-13-carotenone does not allow for accumulation of these β-carotene metabolites in cells. 3T3-L1 adipocyte marker gene expression is induced by β-apo-carotenoid treatment.
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (7E,9E)-beta-离子亚基乙醛 | (2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienal | 3917-41-7 | C15H22O | 218.339 |
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 视黄醛 | all-trans-Retinal | 116-31-4 | C20H28O | 284.442 |
| —— | 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-1-yl)-nonatetraen-1,3,5,7-saeure-9-nitril | 20638-88-4 | C20H27N | 281.441 |
| —— | all-cis-retinonitrile | 20638-88-4 | C20H27N | 281.441 |