Recent advances in the synthesis of 2-deoxy-glycosides
作者:Dianjie Hou、Todd L. Lowary
DOI:10.1016/j.carres.2009.07.013
日期:2009.10
Glycosides of 2-deoxy-sugars, monosaccharides in which the hydroxyl group at C-2 is replaced with a hydrogen atom, occur widely in natural products and therefore have been the subject of intense synthetic activity. The report summarizes recent advances in this area, with a particular focus on work published since an earlier review on the topic, in 2000 (Marzabadi, C. H.: Franck, R. W. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 8385-8417). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Solid-Phase-Assisted Solution-Phase Synthesis with Minimum Purification—Preparation of2-Deoxyglycoconjugates from Thioglycosides
Syntheses and Biological Activities of Disaccharide Daunorubicins
作者:Guisheng Zhang、Lanyan Fang、Lizhi Zhu、Josephine E. Aimiuwu、Jie Shen、Hao Cheng、Mark T. Muller、Gun Eui Lee、Duxin Sun、Peng George Wang
DOI:10.1021/jm050144u
日期:2005.8.1
Carbohydrate moiety is found in many anticancer nature products. To explore the carbohydrate moiety of daunorubicin in enhancing anticancer efficacy, several daunorubicin derivatives bearing disaccharide (1-8) have been synthesized. Their cytotoxicities were tested in leukemia K562 and colon cancer SW620 cells. Topoisomerase II (topo II) poisoning was performed with the in vivo complex of topoisomerase bioassay. In both cell lines, compounds with various terminal 2,6-dideoxy sugars (compounds 1, 3, 5, and 8) showed 30- to 60-fold higher anticancer activity than compounds with 2-deoxy- or 6-deoxy sugar (compounds 6 and 7). Compounds with an alpha-linkage between two sugar units (compound 3) showed 35-fold higher anticancer activity than compounds with a beta-linkage (compound 4). In addition, the anticancer activities of these compounds correlated with their ability to target topo II mediated genomic DNA damage in vivo. Compounds 1 and 3 with 2,6-dideoxy sugars produced more covalent topo-DNA complex than compounds with 2-deoxy sugar (6) and 6-deoxy sugar (7). Compounds with an alpha-configuration of terminal 2,6-dideoxy sugar (compounds 1 and 3) showed higher topo II poisoning than their counterparts with the beta-configuration (compounds 2 and 4). These results indicate that sugar moieties in daunorubicin play a significant role in its anticancer activity and topo II inhibition. The second sugar of disaccharide daunorubicin should possess 2,6-dideoxy with alpha-linkage to the first sugar to exhibit better anticancer activity.
Anomeric activation of thioglycosides and preparation of deoxyglycosides using polymer-bound iodate(I) complexes
New thiophilic polymer-bound haloate(l) complexes are presented which are well suited for the polymer-assisted solution-phase activation of 2-deoxythioglycosides. In the presence of alcohols 2-deoxyglycosides are obtained in yields between 60 and 95%. Isolation of the target glycosides is further simplified by removing the byproduct diphenyldisulfide by reductive work-up. Here also a polymer-bound reagent, namely borohydride exchange resin, served as a tool for sequestering the sulfur-containing impurities. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.