(R)-4-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanal | 1196498-54-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: (R)-4-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanal
• 英文别名: (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylbutanal；(3R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylbutanal
• CAS: 1196498-54-0
• 化学式: C₆H₁₁ClO₂
• 分子量: 150.605
• InChiKey: LUWCNEZKBHJMBZ-YFKPBYRVSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.6
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.83
• 拓扑面积：
  37.3
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  甲醇 、 (R)-4-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanal 在 DOWEX-50WX₂ 作用下， 反应 12.0h， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  组氨酸催化的不对称醛的不对称醛醇加成反应：对其机理的认识

  摘要：

  描述了可烯化醛之间不对称交叉羟醛加成的广泛研究，并为组氨酸催化的羟醛加成提供了更深入的了解。特别是，讨论了这些反应的对映选择性和非对映选择性。通过使用不同的过渡状态模型来解释配置结果的规则和预测。这些讨论已通过大量的计算得到证实。

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo202558f
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  氯乙醛 、 异丁醛 在 L-组氨酸 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 以95%的产率得到(R)-4-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanal
  参考文献：
  名称：

  组氨酸催化的不对称醛的不对称醛醇加成反应：对其机理的认识

  摘要：

  描述了可烯化醛之间不对称交叉羟醛加成的广泛研究，并为组氨酸催化的羟醛加成提供了更深入的了解。特别是，讨论了这些反应的对映选择性和非对映选择性。通过使用不同的过渡状态模型来解释配置结果的规则和预测。这些讨论已通过大量的计算得到证实。

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo202558f

文献信息

• Asymmetric Histidine-Catalyzed Cross-Aldol Reactions of Enolizable Aldehydes: Access to Defined Configured Quaternary Stereogenic Centers
  作者：Morris Markert、Ulf Scheffler、Rainer Mahrwald

  DOI：10.1021/ja907054y

  日期：2009.11.25

  A histidine-catalyzed asymmetric direct cross-aldol reaction of enolizable aldehydes is described. In contrast to proline, histidine is able to clearly differentiate the reactivity of various aldehydes. In addition, this approach provides access to syn-configured B-hydroxyaldehydes. Thus, by application of this new methodology, defined-configuration quaternary stereocenters can be constructed with ease. The utility of this method is demonstrated in several total syntheses of branched-chain carbohydrates.
• Stereoselectivities of Histidine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Aldol Additions and Contrasts with Proline Catalysis: A Quantum Mechanical Analysis
  作者：Yu-hong Lam、K. N. Houk、Ulf Scheffler、Rainer Mahrwald

  DOI：10.1021/ja2118392

  日期：2012.4.11

  Quantum mechanical calculations reveal the origin of diastereo- and enantioselectivities of aldol reactions between aldehydes catalyzed by histidine, and differences between related reactions catalyzed by proline. A stereochemical model that explains both the sense and the high levels of the experimentally observed stereoselectivity is proposed. The computations suggest that both the imidazolium and the carboxylic acid functionalities of histidine are viable hydrogen-bond donors that can stabilize the cyclic aldolization transition state. The stereoselectivity is proposed to arise from minimization of gauche interactions around the forming C-C bond.
• Isoleucine-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol Addition of Enolizable Aldehydes
  作者：Kerstin Rohr、Rainer Mahrwald

  DOI：10.1021/ol300754n

  日期：2012.4.20

  Isoleucine-catalyzed direct enantioselective aldol additions between enolizable aldehydes are reported. Intermediate acetal structures dictate the configurative outcome and were supported by a hydrogen bond. This direct isoleucine-catalyzed aldol addition represents a welcome complement to both proline- and histidine-catalyzed aldol additions of enolizable aldehydes.