Introduction:
                    Recent research points to the Sigma Receptor (σR) as a possible neuromodulatory system with multi-functional action and σ1Rs have been suggested as a drug target for a number of CNS conditions. Hexacyclododecylamines have shown σ1R activity and provide an advantageous scaffold for drug design that can improve the blood-brain barrier permeability of privileged structures.
                
                
                    Methods and Materials:
                    
                        A series of oxa- and aza- hexaxcyclododecylamines were synthesised and evaluated for sigma-1 receptor activity and voltage-gated calcium channel blocking ability to determine the effect of inclusion of amine containing heterocycles. 
                
                
                    Results & Discussion:
                    The compounds had promising σ1R activities (Ki = 0.067 – 11.86 µM) with the aza-hexacyclododecylamines 12, 24 and 27 showing some of the highest affinities (Ki = 0.067 µM, 0.215 µM and 0.496 µM respectively). This confirms, as observed in previous studies, that the aza compounds are more favourable for σ1R binding than their oxa counterparts. The addition of the amine heterocycle showed affinities similar to that of related structures with only two lipophilic binding regions. This indicates that the inclusion of an amine heterocycle into these structures is a viable option in the design of new σ1R ligands. Significant voltage-gated calcium channel blocking ability was also observed for 12, 24 and 27, suggesting a link between σ1R activity and intracellular calcium levels.
                
                
                    Conclusion:
                    The σ1R activity and potential effect on other receptor classes and calcium channels could prove beneficial in pharmacological application.
                 
                                    
    介绍:
    最近的研究指出,Sigma受体(σR)可能是一个具有多功能作用的神经调节系统,σ1R已被提议作为多种中枢神经系统疾病的药物靶点。六环十二烷胺已显示出σ1R活性,并为药物设计提供了一个有利的框架,可以改善特权结构的血脑屏障渗透性。
    方法和材料:
    合成了一系列氧杂和氮杂六环十二烷胺,并评估了它们对σ-1受体活性和电压门控钙通道阻断能力的影响,以确定含胺杂环的效果。
    结果与讨论:
    这些化合物具有有希望的σ1R活性(Ki = 0.067 – 11.86 µM),其中氮杂六环十二烷胺12、24和27显示出一些最高的亲和力(Ki = 0.067 µM、0.215 µM和0.496 µM)。这证实了,与氧杂对应物相比,氮杂化合物更有利于σ1R结合。胺杂环的添加显示出与具有两个亲脂性结合区域的相关结构相似的亲和力。这表明,在设计新的σ1R配体时,将胺杂环纳入这些结构是一个可行的选择。对于12、24和27也观察到了显著的电压门控钙通道阻断能力,这表明σ1R活性与细胞内钙水平之间存在联系。
    结论:
    σ1R活性及其对其他受体类别和钙通道的潜在影响可能在药理应用中具有益处。