2-(2-Phenylimidazol-4-yl)-1-hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 唑类
• 英文名称: 2-(2-Phenylimidazol-4-yl)-1-hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid
• 英文别名: [1-hydroxy-2-(2-phenyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-phosphonoethyl]phosphonic acid
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₄N₂O₇P₂
• 分子量: 348.189
• InChiKey: LSFRJEWMMRNLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -2.2
• 重原子数：
  22
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.18
• 拓扑面积：
  164
• 氢给体数：
  6
• 氢受体数：
  8

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-(2-Phenylimidazol-4-yl)-1-hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid 在 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 水 为溶剂， 生成 disodium 2-(2-phenylimidazol-4-yl)-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate-dihydrate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Substituted alkanediphosphonic acids and pharmaceutical use

  摘要：

  烷二膦酸，特别是具有以下公式的杂芳基烷二膦酸##STR1##其中R.sub.1是一个5-成员杂芳基基团，可能与苯或环己烯核融合，并包含作为杂原子的2到4个N原子或1个或2个N原子以及1个O或S原子，且未经取代或由较低的烷基，苯基或被较低烷基，较低烷氧基和/或卤素取代的苯基取代，或由较低烷氧基，羟基，二较低烷基氨基，较低烷硫基和/或卤素取代，并/或在能够被较低烷基，较低烷氧基和/或卤素取代的N原子处于N取代状态，R.sub.2是氢，羟基，氨基，较低烷硫基或卤素，以及它们的盐，在钙代谢上具有调节作用，并可用作治疗与钙代谢障碍相关疾病的药物。例如，通过将具有以下公式的化合物转化而得到##STR2##其中X.sub.1是功能修饰磷酸基团，X.sub.2是自由或功能修饰磷酸基团，将X.sub.1和如适当的X.sub.2转化为自由磷酸基团。

  公开号：

  US04939130A1
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  苯甲脒 在 盐酸 、 氯化亚砜 、 磷酸 、 氨 、 溶剂黄146 、 三氯化磷 作用下， 以 二甲基亚砜 、 氯苯 为溶剂， 反应 3.0h， 生成 2-(2-Phenylimidazol-4-yl)-1-hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Highly Potent Geminal Bisphosphonates. From Pamidronate Disodium (Aredia) to Zoledronic Acid (Zometa)

  摘要：

  Bisphosphonates (BP) are pyrophosphate analogues in which the oxygen in P-O-P has been replaced by a carbon, resulting in a metabolically stable P-C-P structure. Pamidronate (1b, Novartis), a second-generation BP, was the starting point for extensive SAR studies. Small changes of the structure of pamidronate lead to marked improvements of the inhibition of osteoclastic resorption potency. Alendronate (1c, MSD), with an extra methylene group in the N-alkyl chain, and olpadronate (1h, Gador), the N,N-dimethyl analogue, are about 10 times more potent than pamidronate. Extending one of the N-methyl groups of olpadronate to a pentyl substituent leads to ibandronate (1k, Roche, Boehringer-Mannheim), which is the most potent close analogue of pamidronate. Even slightly better antiresorptive potency is achieved with derivatives having a phenyl group linked via a short aliphatic tether of three to four atoms to nitrogen, the second substituent being preferentially a methyl group (e.g., 4g, 4j, 5d, or 5r). The most potent BPs are found in the series containing a heteroaromatic moiety (with at least one nitrogen atom), which is linked via a single methylene group to the geminal bisphosphonate unit. Zoledronic acid (6i), the most potent derivative, has an ED50 of 0.07 mg/kg in the TPTX in vivo assay after sc administration. It not only shows by far the highest therapeutic ratio when comparing resorption inhibition with undesired inhibition of bone mineralization but also exhibits superior renal tolerability. Zoledronic acid (6i) has thus been selected for clinical development under the registered trade name Zometa. The results of the clinical trials indicate that low doses are both efficacious and safe for the treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia, Paget's disease of bone, osteolytic metastases, and postmenopausal osteoporosis.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm020819i

文献信息

• US4939130A
  申请人：——

  公开号：US4939130A

  公开（公告）日：1990-07-03
• Substituted alkanediphosphonic acids and pharmaceutical use
  申请人：Ciba-Geigy Corporation

  公开号：US04939130A1

  公开（公告）日：1990-07-03

  Alkanediphosphonic acids, in particular heteroarylalkanediphosphonic acids of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a 5-membered heteroaryl radical which may be fused with benzene or cyclohexene nuclei and which contains, as hetero atoms, 2 to 4 N-atoms or 1 or 2 N-atoms as well as 1 O- or S-atom, and which is unsubstituted or C-substituted by lower alkyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and/or halogen, or by lower alkoxy, hydroxy, di-lower alkylamino, lower alkylthio and/or halogen, and/or is N-substituted at a N-atom which is capable of substitution by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and/or halogen, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, hydroxy, amino, lower alkylthio or halogen, and salts thereof, have regulatory action on calcium metabolism and can be used as medicaments for the treatment of diseases associated with impairment of calcium metabolism. The compounds are obtained for example by converting, in a compound of formula ##STR2## wherein X.sub.1 is a functionally modified phosphono group and X.sub.2 is a free or functionally modified phosphono group, X.sub.1 and, if appropriate X.sub.2, into the free phosphono group.

  烷二膦酸，特别是具有以下公式的杂芳基烷二膦酸##STR1##其中R.sub.1是一个5-成员杂芳基基团，可能与苯或环己烯核融合，并包含作为杂原子的2到4个N原子或1个或2个N原子以及1个O或S原子，且未经取代或由较低的烷基，苯基或被较低烷基，较低烷氧基和/或卤素取代的苯基取代，或由较低烷氧基，羟基，二较低烷基氨基，较低烷硫基和/或卤素取代，并/或在能够被较低烷基，较低烷氧基和/或卤素取代的N原子处于N取代状态，R.sub.2是氢，羟基，氨基，较低烷硫基或卤素，以及它们的盐，在钙代谢上具有调节作用，并可用作治疗与钙代谢障碍相关疾病的药物。例如，通过将具有以下公式的化合物转化而得到##STR2##其中X.sub.1是功能修饰磷酸基团，X.sub.2是自由或功能修饰磷酸基团，将X.sub.1和如适当的X.sub.2转化为自由磷酸基团。
• Highly Potent Geminal Bisphosphonates. From Pamidronate Disodium (Aredia) to Zoledronic Acid (Zometa)
  作者：Leo Widler、Knut A. Jaeggi、Markus Glatt、Klaus Müller、Rolf Bachmann、Michael Bisping、Anne-Ruth Born、Reto Cortesi、Gabriela Guiglia、Heidi Jeker、Rémy Klein、Ueli Ramseier、Johann Schmid、Gerard Schreiber、Yves Seltenmeyer、Jonathan R. Green

  DOI：10.1021/jm020819i

  日期：2002.8.1

  Bisphosphonates (BP) are pyrophosphate analogues in which the oxygen in P-O-P has been replaced by a carbon, resulting in a metabolically stable P-C-P structure. Pamidronate (1b, Novartis), a second-generation BP, was the starting point for extensive SAR studies. Small changes of the structure of pamidronate lead to marked improvements of the inhibition of osteoclastic resorption potency. Alendronate (1c, MSD), with an extra methylene group in the N-alkyl chain, and olpadronate (1h, Gador), the N,N-dimethyl analogue, are about 10 times more potent than pamidronate. Extending one of the N-methyl groups of olpadronate to a pentyl substituent leads to ibandronate (1k, Roche, Boehringer-Mannheim), which is the most potent close analogue of pamidronate. Even slightly better antiresorptive potency is achieved with derivatives having a phenyl group linked via a short aliphatic tether of three to four atoms to nitrogen, the second substituent being preferentially a methyl group (e.g., 4g, 4j, 5d, or 5r). The most potent BPs are found in the series containing a heteroaromatic moiety (with at least one nitrogen atom), which is linked via a single methylene group to the geminal bisphosphonate unit. Zoledronic acid (6i), the most potent derivative, has an ED50 of 0.07 mg/kg in the TPTX in vivo assay after sc administration. It not only shows by far the highest therapeutic ratio when comparing resorption inhibition with undesired inhibition of bone mineralization but also exhibits superior renal tolerability. Zoledronic acid (6i) has thus been selected for clinical development under the registered trade name Zometa. The results of the clinical trials indicate that low doses are both efficacious and safe for the treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia, Paget's disease of bone, osteolytic metastases, and postmenopausal osteoporosis.