In vitro evaluation of N-methyl amide tripeptidomimetics as substrates for the human intestinal di-/tri-peptide transporter hPEPT1
摘要:
oral absorption of tripeptides is generally mediated by the human intestinal di-/tri-peptide transporter, hPEPT1. However, the bioavailability of tripeptides is often limited due to degradation in the GI-tract by various peptidases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the general application of N-methyl amide bioisosteres as peptide bond replacements in tripeptides in order to decrease degradation by peptidases and yet retain affinity for and transport via hPEPT1. Seven structurally diverse N-methyl amide tripeptidomimetics were selected based on a principal component analysis of structural properties of 6859 N-methyl amide tripeptidomimetics. In vitro extracellular degradation of the selected tripeptidomimetics as well as affinity for and transepithelial transport via hPEPT1 were investigated in Caco-2 cells. Decreased apparent degradation was observed for all tripeptidomimetics compared to the corresponding natural tripeptides. However, affinity for and transepithelial transport via hPEPT1 were only seen for Gly-Sar-Sar, Asn Psi[CONCH3]Phe Psi[CONCH3]Trp, and Gly-Sar-Leu. This implies that tripeptidomimetics originating from tripeptides with neutral side chains are more likely to be substrates for hPEPT1 than tripeptidomimetics with charged side chains. The results of the present study indicate that the N-methyl amide peptide bond replacement approach for increasing bioavailability of tripeptidomimetic drug candidates is not generally applicable to all tripeptides. Nevertheless, retained affinity for and transport via hPEPT1 were shown for three of the evaluated N-methyl amide tripeptidomimetics. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
Total synthesis of the antifungal cyclic depsipeptides Sch 57697 and aureobasidin A
作者:Edwin Jao、Alan B Cooper、Dinanath F Rane、Anil K Saksena、Jagdish Desai、James Wang、Viyyoor M Girijavallabhan、Ashit K Ganguly
DOI:10.1016/0040-4039(96)01199-9
日期:1996.8
A novel cyclic depsinonapeptide antifungal 1a (Sch 57697) and its isomer 1b were synthesized by a fragment coupling approach and this methodology was applied to the total synthesis of the natural product aureobasidin A. Synthetic strategies for coupling of N-methyl amino acids with minimal racemization are discussed. Biological evaluation of isomers 1a and 1b demonstrated the importance of chirality
Synthesis and evaluation of backbone/amide-modified analogs of leualacin
作者:Ming-Kuan Hu、Fu-Chu Yang、Chi-Cheun Chou、Mao-Hsiung Yen
DOI:10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00038-4
日期:1999.2
Leualacin (1), a cyclic depsi-pentapeptide, and its backbone/amide-modified analogs 2-4 were synthesized. Amide analogue 3 exhibited stronger vasodilatory effects. It also strongly inhibited collagen- and arachidonic acid (AA)induced platelet aggregations with IC(50)s of 0.6 mu M and 2.0 mu M, respectively (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.