已经合成了十个具有酯和酰胺部分而不是游离羧酸的地布洛芬前药,其涉及胃肠道副作用。将地布洛芬酰氯与不同的氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐和五种醇缩合,得到酰胺和酯前药。所有合成的前药均通过mp,R f,元素分析,FTIR,1 H NMR和13表征13 C NMR光谱。血浆中的体外水解研究表明,由于化学结构不同,前药在水解反应方面也有所不同。在烷基取代中,支链烷基取代基或芳族取代基提高了亲脂性,但降低了溶解度和水解速率。具有支链和芳族取代的酰胺前药也可以考虑持续释放。与地布洛芬相比,前药对胃粘膜的刺激性较小。
A Practical New Chiral Controller for Asymmetric Diels−Alder and Alkylation Reactions
作者:Georgios Sarakinos、E. J. Corey
DOI:10.1021/ol991007s
日期:1999.12.1
prepared from 1,2-epoxycyclohexane by a simple and practical procedure. The acrylate esters of these alcohols undergo BCl3-catalyzed Diels-Alderreactions with a variety of dienes at -78 to -55 degrees C in CH2Cl2 or C7H8 with high dienophile face selectivity (Table 1). The chiral esters so formed are readily cleaved with recovery of the controllers (+)- or (-)-2. Esters of (+)- and (-)-2 can be converted
Four new cyclopropane-based bisoxazolines were synthesized and applied to cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between racemic alpha-bromo esters and aryl Grignard reagents. The reaction afforded a series of chiral alpha-arylalkanoic esters with high yields and good enantioselectivities (up to 93% yield, 92:8 er). This research focuses on the cross-coupling between racemic alpha-bromopropanoate and p-isobutylphenyl Grignard reagent's which provides ibuprofen ester efficiently. Furthermore, ibuprofen ester 7e was transformed into (S) -ibuprofen (99:1 er) via hydrolysis and recrystallization. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Esterification of R/S-ketoprofen with 2-propanol as reactant and solvent catalyzed by Novozym® 435 at selected conditions
作者:María Victoria Toledo、Carla José、Sebastián E. Collins、Rita D. Bonetto、María Luján Ferreira、Laura E. Briand
DOI:10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.06.016
日期:2012.11
The enzymatic esterification of R/S-ketoprofen with 2-propanol catalyzed with the commercial biocatalyst Novozym (R) 435 is addressed in this investigation. The low reaction rate registered in this reaction was investigated in terms of the effect of the alcohol on the physicochemical-enzymatic stability of the biocatalyst and the interaction of the substrates with the catalytic triad at a molecular level.The effect of contacting 2-propanol:H2O mixture on Novozym (R) 435 was investigated at 45 degrees C for an extended period of time (8 days). The mixture dissolves the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) that constitutes the support of the Candida antarctica B lipase (CALB). Additionally, the alcohol diffuses into the biocatalyst's beads remaining strongly adsorbed (the alcohol desorption is evidenced only upon heating at 187 degrees C) and altering the inner texture of the biocatalyst's beads. Additionally, 2-propanol modifies the secondary structure of the enzyme by decreasing the beta-sheet contribution and increasing the beta-turn structure. The molecular modeling of the interaction of R/S-ketoprofen and 2-propanol with the catalytic triad of the lipase provides evidences that the secondary alcohol exerts an important steric hindrance for the reaction to proceed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Lipase-Catalyzed Resolution of Ibuprofen
作者:Erik Henke、Sascha Schuster、Hong Yang、Uwe T. Bornscheuer
DOI:10.1007/s007060070091
日期:2000.6.15
The resolution of ibuprofen by transesterification of its corresponding vinylester using lipase B from Candida antarctica is described. Compared to transesterification or hydrolysis of the ibuprofen ethyl ester (E < 2, 28-48 h), the reaction with vinylesters occurred significantly faster (1.5-5 h) and with considerably higher enantioselectivity (E = 8-39).