去甲基甲萘醌 | 29790-47-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 异戊烯醇脂质
• 中文名称: 去甲基甲萘醌
• 英文名称: Demethylmenaquinone
• 英文别名: 2-[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E,22E,26E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31-octamethyldotriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30-octaenyl]naphthalene-1,4-dione
• CAS: 29790-47-4
• 化学式: C₅₀H₇₀O₂
• 分子量: 703.1
• InChiKey: GDUBPWSFXUAETN-AENDIINCSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  757.7±60.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  0.959±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  16.8
• 重原子数：
  52
• 可旋转键数：
  23
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.48
• 拓扑面积：
  34.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  去甲基甲萘醌 、 氢(+1)阳离子 、 NADH 生成 2-Demethylmenaquinol-8 、 nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-Demethylmenaquinol-8 、 二甲基亚砜 生成 去甲基甲萘醌 、 二甲基硫 、 水
  参考文献：
  名称：

  大肠杆菌的其他呼吸途径：响应电子受体的能量和转录调控。

  摘要：

  大肠杆菌的电子传输链由许多不同的脱氢酶和末端还原酶（或氧化酶）组成，这些酶通过醌（泛醌，甲萘醌和脱甲基甲萘醌）连接。不存在喹诺酚：细胞色素c氧化还原酶（“ bc1复合物”）。对于各种电子受体（O2，硝酸盐）和供体（甲酸盐，H2，NADH，甘油-3-P），存在同工酶。这些酶在膜拓扑和节能方面显示出很大的可变性。构象质子泵或通过在膜的相对侧上布置底物部位来节省能量，从而导致电荷分离。根据所用的酶和同工酶，整个链的H + / e-比在0和4 H + / e-之间。末端还原酶的表达受电子受体调节。O 2是优选的电子受体，并且抑制厌氧呼吸的末端还原酶。在无氧呼吸中，硝酸盐会抑制其他末端还原酶，例如富马酸盐或DMSO还原酶。氧气的能量节约最大，而富马酸盐的能量节约最低。通过这种调节，有利于具有高ATP或生长产量的途径。脱氢酶的表达也受电子受体的调节。在有氧生长中，非偶联脱氢酶被优先表达和使用，而在富马

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0005-2728(97)00034-0

文献信息

• Probe compound for detecting and isolating enzymes and means and methods using the same
  申请人：Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH

  公开号：EP2230312A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-09-22

  The present invention relates to a probe compound that can comprise any substrate or metabolite of an enzymatic reaction in addition to an indicator component, such as, for example, a fluorescence dye, or the like. Moreover, the present invention relates to means for detecting enzymes in form of an array, which comprises any number of probe compounds of the invention which each comprise a different metabolite of interconnected metabolites representing the central pathways in all forms of life. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for detecting enzymes involving the application of cell extracts or the like to the array of the invention which leads to reproducible enzymatic reactions with the substrates. These specific enzymatic reactions trigger the indicator (e.g. a fluorescence signal) and bind the enzymes to the respective cognate substrates. Moreover, the invention relates to means for isolating enzymes in form of nanoparticles coated with the probe compound of the invention. The immobilisation of the cognate substrates or metabolites on the surface of nanoparticles by means of the probe compounds allows capturing and isolating the respective enzyme, e.g. for subsequent sequencing.

  本发明涉及一种探针化合物，它可以包括酶反应的任何底物或代谢物，此外还包括指示成分，例如荧光染料或类似物。此外，本发明还涉及以阵列形式检测酶的方法，该阵列由任意数量的本发明探针化合物组成，每种探针化合物由代表所有生命形式中中心途径的相互关联的代谢物中的不同代谢物组成。此外，本发明还涉及一种检测酶的方法，该方法涉及将细胞提取物或类似物应用于本发明的阵列，从而导致与底物发生可重复的酶反应。这些特定的酶反应会触发指示剂（如荧光信号），并将酶与各自的同源底物结合。此外，本发明还涉及以涂覆有本发明探针化合物的纳米颗粒形式分离酶的方法。通过探针化合物将同源底物或代谢物固定在纳米颗粒表面，可以捕获和分离相应的酶，例如用于后续测序。
• Combined composition for rectal administration for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
  申请人：Pravda, Jay

  公开号：EP2392321A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-12-07

  The subject invention pertains to materials and methods for the prevention and treatment of disease conditions associated with oxidative stress or a compromised reducing environment, including inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Another aspect of the subject invention concerns compositions formulated for administration as an enema. In one embodiment, a composition suitable for administration as an enema comprises an effective amount of 5-ASA and a steroid such as budesonide or hydrocortisone. The subject invention also concerns compositions formulated for oral administration. In one embodiment, a composition comprises alpha-lipoic acid, and/or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (N-A-C), and/or L-glutamine. The alpha-lipoic acid can be racemic alpha-lipoic acid, R-lipoic acid, or R-dihydro-lipoic acid. Methods of the invention include administration of compounds or compositions of the invention. In one embodiment, compounds or compositions of the invention are rectally instilled in a patient. In another embodiment, compounds or compositions are orally administered. The subject invention also concerns methods for screening for, assessing risk of developing, and/or diagnosing conditions associated with oxidative stress, such as ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel disorders.

  本发明涉及用于预防和治疗与氧化应激或还原环境受损有关的疾病（包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎等炎症性肠病）的材料和方法。本发明的另一方面涉及配制成灌肠剂的组合物。在一个实施方案中，适用于灌肠给药的组合物包含有效量的 5-ASA 和类固醇，如布地奈德或氢化可的松。本发明还涉及用于口服的组合物。在一个实施方案中，组合物包括α-硫辛酸和/或 N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸（N-A-C）和/或 L-谷氨酰胺。α-硫辛酸可以是外消旋α-硫辛酸、R-硫辛酸或 R-二氢硫辛酸。本发明的方法包括施用本发明的化合物或组合物。在一个实施方案中，将本发明的化合物或组合物直肠灌入患者体内。在另一个实施方案中，化合物或组合物口服给药。本发明还涉及筛查、评估发病风险和/或诊断与氧化应激相关的疾病（如溃疡性结肠炎和其他炎症性肠病）的方法。
• Method of improving biomass yield of lactic acid bacterial cultures
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20020034815A1

  公开（公告）日：2002-03-21

  A method of enhancing biomass yield of a lactic acid bacterial species cell culture, comprising cultivating the cells in a process comprising the steps of providing conditions that results in a reduced glycolytic flux and providing conditions that enable the cells to have, under aerobic conditions, a respiratory metabolism. The increased yield of biomass may be the result of an increased yield of ATP which can be obtained by activating the native ATP synthase activity of the H + -ATPase complex by lowering the ATP/ADP ratio, e.g. by carbon source limitation, and/or by increasing the proton gradient (membrane potential) of the cells, e.g. by enhancing or establishing an electron transport chain which can be achieved by enhancing expression of dehydrogenases or electron transport chain components, by adding to the medium a quinone or porphyrin compound or by enhancing the expression of the H + -ATPase activity.

  一种提高乳酸菌种细胞培养物生物量产量的方法，包括在一个过程中培养细胞，该过程包括以下步骤：提供导致糖酵解通量减少的条件和提供使细胞在有氧条件下进行呼吸代谢的条件。生物质产量的增加可能是 ATP 产量增加的结果，而 ATP 产量的增加可以通过激活 H 加； -ATP酶复合物的原生ATP合成酶活性，例如通过限制碳源来降低ATP/ADP比率，和/或通过增加细胞的质子梯度（膜电位），例如通过增强或建立电子传递链（可通过增强脱氢酶或电子传递链组分的表达来实现），向培养基中添加醌或卟啉化合物，或通过增强H+ -ATP酶复合物的表达来实现。 加； -ATP酶活性的表达。
• Human transferase proteins
  申请人：Incyte Corporation

  公开号：US20030175923A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-09-18

  The invention provides human human transferase proteins (TRNSFS) and polynucleotides which identify and encode TRNSFS. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or preventing disorders associated with expression of TRNSFS.

  本发明提供了人类转氨酶蛋白（TRNSFS）以及识别和编码 TRNSFS 的多核苷酸。 本发明还提供了表达载体、宿主细胞、抗体、激动剂和拮抗剂。 本发明还提供了诊断、治疗或预防与 TRNSFS 表达有关的疾病的方法。
• Complete genome and protein sequence of the hyperthermophile methanopyrus kandleri av19 and monophyly of archael methanogens and methods of use thereof
  申请人：Slesarev Alexei

  公开号：US20060068386A1

  公开（公告）日：2006-03-30

  We have determined the complete 1,694,969 nucleotide sequence of the GC-rich genome of Methanopyrus kandleri using a novel approach. It is based on unlinking genomic DNA with the ThermoFidelase version of M. kandleri topoisomerase V and cycle sequencing directed by 2′-modified oligonucleotides (Fimers). 3.3× sequencing redundancy was sufficient to assemble the genome with <1 error per 40 kb. Using a combination of sequence database searches and coding potential prediction, 1692 protein-coding genes and 39 genes for structural RNAs were identified. M. kandleri proteins show an unusually high content of negatively charged amino acids, which might be an adaptation to its high intracellular salinity. Previous phylogenetic analysis of 16S RNA suggested that M. kandleri belonged to a very deep branch, close to the root of the archaeal tree. However, genome comparisons, using both trees constructed from concatenated alignments of ribosomal proteins and trees based on gene content, indicate that M. kandleri consistently groups with other archaeal methanogens. M. kandleri shares the set of genes implicated in methanogenesis and, in part, its operon organization with Methanococcus jannaschii and Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus . These findings indicate that archaeal methanogens are monophyletic. A distinctive feature of M. kandleri is the paucity of proteins involved in signaling and regulation of gene expression: Also, M. kandleri appears to have fewer genes acquired via lateral transfer than other archaea. These features might reflect the extreme habitat of this organism.

  我们测定了富含 GC 的甲壳虫基因组 1 694 969 个核苷酸的完整序列。 Methanopyrus kandleri 采用了一种新方法。该方法基于用 ThermoFidelase 版本的 的 ThermoFidelase 版本解开基因组 DNA 拓扑异构酶 V 和 2′修饰寡核苷酸（Fimers）引导的循环测序。3.3 倍的测序冗余足以组装基因组，每 40 kb 的误差小于 1。通过序列数据库搜索和编码潜能预测相结合的方法，确定了 1692 个蛋白质编码基因和 39 个结构 RNA 基因。 M. kandleri 蛋白质显示出异常高的带负电荷氨基酸含量，这可能是为了适应其细胞内的高盐度。先前的 16S RNA 系统进化分析表明，M. 属于一个非常深的分支 属于一个很深的分支，靠近古菌树的根部。然而，利用核糖体蛋白质的连接排列构建的树和基于基因含量的树进行的基因组比较表明，M. kandleri 与其他古甲烷菌一致。 M. kandleri 与其他古甲烷菌有相同的甲烷发生基因集，其操作体组织也部分与 和 和 热自养甲烷杆菌 .这些发现表明，古甲烷菌是单系的。坎德勒氏甲烷菌的一个显著特点是 Kandleri 的一个显著特点是缺乏参与信号传导和基因表达调控的蛋白质：另外、 此外，M. 通过横向转移获得的基因似乎少于其他古细菌。这些特征可能反映了这种生物的极端生境。