4-(3-methylbutanoyl)benzonitrile

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 英文名称: 4-(3-methylbutanoyl)benzonitrile
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₃NO
• 分子量: 187.241
• InChiKey: REFBHFOUCHNVMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.5
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.33
• 拓扑面积：
  40.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  4-甲基-2-氧代戊酸 、 4-溴苯腈 在 氯化镍二甲氧基乙烷 、 2-氯噻吨酮 、 lithium carbonate 、 4,4'-二叔丁基-2,2'-二吡啶 作用下， 以 水 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 以46%的产率得到4-(3-methylbutanoyl)benzonitrile
  参考文献：
  名称：

  使用羰基光催化剂从α-酮酸制得的酰基自由基：光氧化还原催化的酮合成。

  摘要：

  在可见光照射下，使用廉价且可商购的2-氯-噻吨酮-9-作为光氧化还原催化剂，已由α-酮酸生成了酰基基团。这些反应性物质通过联吡啶基稳定的Ni（II）催化剂添加到烯烃中或与芳基卤化物偶合，可轻松获得各种酮。这种可靠，原子经济且环保的协议可与多种官能团兼容。

  DOI：

  10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02351

文献信息

• DABCO-promoted photocatalytic C–H functionalization of aldehydes
  作者：Bruno Maia da Silva Santos、Mariana dos Santos Dupim、Cauê Paula de Souza、Thiago Messias Cardozo、Fernanda Gadini Finelli

  DOI：10.3762/bjoc.17.205

  日期：——

  Herein we present a direct application of DABCO, an inexpensive and broadly accessible organic base, as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) abstractor in a photocatalytic strategy for aldehyde C–H activation. The acyl radicals generated in this step were arylated with aryl bromides through a well stablished nickel cross-coupling methodology, leading to a variety of interesting aryl ketones in good yields. We also performed computational calculations to shine light in the HAT step energetics and determined an optimized geometry for the transition state, showing that the hydrogen atom transfer between aldehydes and DABCO is a mildly endergonic, yet sufficiently fast step. The same calculations were performed with quinuclidine, for comparison of both catalysts and the differences are discussed.

  在这里，我们提出了一种直接应用DABCO的方法，DABCO是一种廉价且广泛可获得的有机碱，作为光催化策略中醛的C-H活化的氢原子转移（HAT）抽取剂。在这一步骤中生成的酰基自由基通过一种成熟的镍交叉偶联方法与芳基溴化物芳基化，产生各种有趣的芳基酮，收率良好。我们还进行了计算计算，以阐明HAT步骤的能量学，并确定了过渡态的优化几何构型，表明醛和DABCO之间的氢原子转移是一个轻微的能量吸收过程，但足够快速。为了比较两种催化剂，我们还对喹啉进行了相同的计算，并讨论了它们之间的差异。
• PANICINOTAM DERIVATIVE, PREPARATION METHOD AND USE THEREOF
  申请人：OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

  公开号：US20210008045A1

  公开（公告）日：2021-01-14

  Provided are penicinotam derivatives, a tautomer, a stereoisomer, a racemate, a nonequal mixture of enantiomers, a geometric isomer, a solvate, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the derivatives. Also provided herein is use of the derivatives and the pharmaceutical compositions in treating diseases caused by inflammation, immune system disorders.

  提供了青霉素衍生物、一个互变异构体、一个立体异构体、一个消旋体、一个非对映异构体的不等混合物、一个几何异构体、一个溶剂合物、一个药学上可接受的盐或其前药，以及包含这些衍生物的药物组合物。本文还提供了这些衍生物和药物组合物在治疗由炎症、免疫系统紊乱引起的疾病中的用途。
• Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Aryl Iodides with Alkenylaluminum Reagents
  作者：Bo Chen、Xiao-Feng Wu

  DOI：10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02923

  日期：2019.9.20

  A highly reactive catalytic system for the carbonylative coupling of aryl iodides with alkenylaluminum reagents has been developed. Various β-substituted γ,δ-unsaturated ketones were produced under mild conditions in good to excellent yields even under ppm level of palladium catalyst. Notably, this also represents the first example on carbonylative transformation of alkenylaluminum compounds. Additionally

  已经开发出用于芳基碘化物与链烯基铝试剂的羰基化偶联的高反应性催化体系。即使在钯催化剂的ppm水平下，在温和的条件下也以良好至优异的产率产生了各种β-取代的γ，δ-不饱和酮。值得注意的是，这也代表了烯基铝化合物的羰基化转化的第一个实例。另外，通过添加锌盐，可以改变产物的选择性。
• Bicycle pyrazole derivative
  申请人：Nakahira Hiroyuki

  公开号：US20070082908A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-12

  A compound represented by the following formula (I), a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of either. These are compounds having high DPP-IV inhibitory activity and improved in safety, nontoxicity, etc. (I) [In the formula, R 1 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, etc.; the solid line and dotted line between A 1 and A 2 indicate a double bond (A 1 =A 2 ), etc.; A 1 represents a group represented by the formula C(R 2 ), etc.; A 2 represents a group represented by the formula C(R 4 ), etc.; R 2 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, etc.; R 4 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, etc.; R 6 represents hydrogen, optionally substituted aryl, etc.; and —Y represents, e.g.; a group represented by the formula (A): (A) (wherein m1 is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and R 7 is absent, or one or two R 7 's are present and each independently represents optionally substituted alkyl, etc.).]

  以下化合物的公式（I）或其前药，或者是任何一种药学上可接受的盐。这些化合物具有高DPP-IV抑制活性和改善安全、无毒性等特点。（I）[在公式中，R1代表氢，可选取代的烷基等；A1和A2之间的实线和虚线表示双键（A1=A2），等等；A1代表由公式C（R2）等表示的基团；A2代表由公式C（R4）等表示的基团；R2代表氢，可选取代的烷基等；R4代表氢，可选取代的烷基等；R6代表氢，可选取代的芳基等；而—Y代表例如由公式（A）表示的一个基团：（A）（其中m1为0、1、2或3；R7不存在，或者存在一个或两个R7，每个独立地代表可选取代的烷基等）。]
• Novel condensed imidazole derivative
  申请人：Nakahira Hiroyuki

  公开号：US20070105890A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-05-10

  Disclosed is a compound represented by the formula (1) below which has a high DPP-IV inhibitory activity and is improved in safety, toxicity and the like. Also disclosed is a prodrug of such a compound and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of them. (In the formula, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like; R 2 and R 3 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like; R 4 and R 5 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like: R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted aryl group or the like; and —Y—NH 2 , represents a group represented by the following formula (A): (wherein m is 0, 1 or 2; and R 7 may not exist or one or two R 7 may exist and independently represent an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like) or the like.]

  公开了一种化合物，其表示为以下式（1），具有较高的DPP-IV抑制活性并且在安全性、毒性等方面得到改善。还公开了这种化合物的前药和它们的药学上可接受的盐。（在该式中，R1表示氢原子，可选择性取代的烷基或类似物; R2和R3独立地表示氢原子，可选择性取代的烷基或类似物; R4和R5独立地表示氢原子，可选择性取代的烷基或类似物：R6表示氢原子，可选择性取代的芳基或类似物; 而—Y—NH2表示由以下式（A）表示的基团：（其中m为0、1或2；而R7可能不存在或一个或两个R7可能存在且独立地表示可选择性取代的烷基或类似物）或类似物。）