申请人:BASF SE
公开号:US08309751B2
公开(公告)日:2012-11-13
The present invention relates to a process for preparing β-ketonitriles of the general formula I
in which
R1 is, inter alia, C1-C12-alkyl, C2-C12-alkenyl, C2-C12-alkinyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, phenoxy-C1-C4-alkyl or benzyloxy-C1-C4-alkyl;
R2 is, inter alia, hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl, C2-C12-alkenyl, C2-C12-alkinyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, phenoxy-C1-C4-alkyl or benzyloxy-C1-C4-alkyl,
which comprises reacting a nitrile of the formula II
in which R1 has one of the meanings given above with a carboxylic ester of the formula III
in which R2 has one of the meanings given above and R3 is C1-C12-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy -C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl-C1-C4-alkyl, phenoxy -C1-C4-alkyl or benzyloxy-C1-C4-alkyl,
where the reaction is carried out in the presence of a potassium alkoxide and at least 80% of the nitrile of the formula II are added to the reaction under reaction conditions.
本发明涉及一种制备一般式I中的β-酮腈的方法,其中R1包括C1-C12-烷基,C2-C12-烯基,C2-C12-炔基,C3-C8-环烷基,C3-C8-环烷基-C1-C4-烷基,苯基-C1-C4-烷基,苯氧基-C1-C4-烷基或苄氧基-C1-C4-烷基;R2包括氢,C1-C12-烷基,C2-C12-烯基,C2-C12-炔基,C3-C8-环烷基,C3-C8-环烷基-C1-C4-烷基,苯基,苯基-C1-C4-烷基,苯氧基-C1-C4-烷基或苄氧基-C1-C4-烷基。该方法包括将具有上述所述含义之一的一般式II的腈与具有上述所述含义之一的一般式III的羧酸酯反应,其中R3为C1-C12-烷基,C1-C4-烷氧基-C1-C4-烷基,C3-C8-环烷基,C3-C8-环烷基-C1-C4-烷基,苯基-C1-C4-烷基,苯氧基-C1-C4-烷基或苄氧基-C1-C4-烷基,在反应条件下,在钾醇存在下进行反应,并且至少80%的一般式II的腈被添加到反应中。