Pulmonary cryptococcosis and Capillaria aerophila infection in an FIV-positive cat
摘要:
A 12‐year‐old, FIV‐positive, domestic longhair cat was presented with a history of sneezing and coughing during the previous seven months. On thoracic radiographs, a prominent bronchial pattern and three focal, opacified nodules were seen. Cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated spherical, capsulate, narrow‐necked, budding yeasts within macrophages. Culture of the fluid yielded a heavy growth of Cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans. The serum latex cryptococcal antigen agglutination test titre was 158. The cat was treated with itraconazole and the cough resolved over a 5‐month period but then recurred. Repeat thoracic radiographs showed resolution of the pulmonary nodules but a persistent bronchial pattern. Adult nematodes and ova with morphology characteristic of Capillaria aerophila were seen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and no yeasts were cultured from the fluid. The cryptococcal titre was zero. The lungworm infection was treated successfully with abamectin and the cough resolved. Immunosuppression related to FIV infection may have predisposed this cat to sequential respiratory tract infections.
Asymmetric Aza-Mannich Reactions of Sulfinimines: Scope and Application to the Total Synthesis of a Bromopyrrole Alkaloid
作者:James C. Lanter、Hongfeng Chen、Xuqing Zhang、Zhihua Sui
DOI:10.1021/ol0525258
日期:2005.12.1
[reaction: see text] An asymmetric intermolecular aza variant of the Mannich reaction is reported utilizing chiral sulfinimine anions as the nucleophile and N-sulfonyl aldimines as the electrophilic component. A wide range of nucleophiles and electrophiles are tolerated by the reaction conditions, delivering the condensation products in good to excellent yield with a high degree of stereocontrol. Application
作者:Masashi Tokizane、Kaori Sato、Tetsuo Ohta、Yoshihiko Ito
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.11.005
日期:2008.11
The kinetic resolution of racemic 2-isoxazolines was carried out by asymmetric reduction using borane with 1,2-amino alcohols as a chiral Source. Using excess BH3-THF in the presence of (-)-norephedrine, optically active 1,3-amino alcohol derivatives were obtained with good ee but in lower yield, while the optically active substrates 2-isoxazolines were recovered with modest ee. The asymmetric reduction using 2.0 equiv of BH3-SMe2 was investigated as an alternative strategy for the synthesis of optically active products. After reduction, treatment of the resulting Mixture with Et3N was successful in providing optically active isoxazolidine derivatives in good yields and with good ee. The choice of chiral source was also shown to have a significant effect. In particular, the use of (S)-alpha,alpha-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol reversed the enantioselectivity of the recovered Substrates. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.