Synthesis of Salvinorin A Analogues as Opioid Receptor Probes
作者:Kevin Tidgewell、Wayne W. Harding、Anthony Lozama、Howard Cobb、Kushal Shah、Pavitra Kannan、Christina M. Dersch、Damon Parrish、Jeffrey R. Deschamps、Richard B. Rothman、Thomas E. Prisinzano
DOI:10.1021/np060094b
日期:2006.6.1
Several neoclerodanes, such as salvinorin A (1) and herkinorin (3), have recently been shown to possess opioid receptor activity in vitro and in vivo. To explore the structure-affinity relationships of this interesting class of compounds, we have synthesized a series of analogues from 1 isolated from Salvia divinorum. Here, we report the semisynthesis of neoclerodane diterpenes and their structure-affinity
Herkinorin Analogues with Differential β-Arrestin-2 Interactions
作者:Kevin Tidgewell、Chad E. Groer、Wayne W. Harding、Anthony Lozama、Matthew Schmidt、Alfred Marquam、Jessica Hiemstra、John S. Partilla、Christina M. Dersch、Richard B. Rothman、Laura M. Bohn、Thomas E. Prisinzano
DOI:10.1021/jm701162g
日期:2008.4.1
Salvinorin A is a psychoactive natural product that has been found to be a potent and selective kappa opioid receptor agonist in vitro and in vivo. The activity of salvinorin A is unusual compared to other opioids such as morphine in that it mediates potent kappa opioid receptor signaling yet leads to less receptor downregulation than observed with other kappa agonists. Our initial chemical modifications of salvinorin A have yielded one analogue, herkinorin (1c), with high affinity at the mu OR. We recently reported that 1c does not promote the recruitment of beta-arrestin-2 to the mu OR or receptor internalization. Here we describe three new derivatives of 1c (3c, 3f, and 3i) with similar properties and one, benzamide 7b, that promotes recruitment of beta-arrestin-2 to the mu OR and receptor internalization. When the important role mu opioid receptor regulation plays in determining physiological responsiveness to opioid narcotics is considered,mu opioids derived from salvinorin A may offer a unique template for the development of functionally selective mu opioid receptor-ligands with the ability to produce analgesia while limiting adverse side effects.