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3,3′-二氯联苯胺 | 91-94-1

中文名称
3,3′-二氯联苯胺
中文别名
3,3'-二氯联苯胺;3,3-二氯联苯胺;3,3'-二氯联苯-4,4'-二胺;葡萄糖酸内酯;3,3’-二氯联苯胺;3,3"-二氯联苯胺;3,3"-二氯联苯-4,4"-二胺
英文名称
3,3'-dichlorobenzidine
英文别名
3,3'-dichloro-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine;3,3′-dichlorobenzidine;3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl;4-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroaniline
3,3′-二氯联苯胺化学式
CAS
91-94-1
化学式
C12H10Cl2N2
mdl
MFCD00043917
分子量
253.131
InChiKey
HUWXDEQWWKGHRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    132.5°C
  • 沸点:
    398.89°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.3171 (rough estimate)
  • 闪点:
    10 °C
  • 溶解度:
    溶于乙醇、苯和冰醋酸(Windholzetal.,1983)
  • 物理描述:
    3,3'-dichlorobenzidine is a gray to purple crystalline powder. Insoluble in water. Very toxic. Used in the dye industry, curing agent for isocyanate terminated resins.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Needles from alcohol or benzene
  • 蒸汽压力:
    4.1X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
  • 自燃温度:
    350 °C
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits very high toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxides./
  • 解离常数:
    pKa1 = 1.6; pKa2 = 3.2
  • 保留指数:
    2416.64;2406.1
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    有毒,最低毒性投放量(TDL)为6.5mg/kg(间隔44周)。它能刺激皮肤和黏膜,并具有过敏性风险,还有可能引起膀胱癌。因此,生产设备必须保持密闭状态,并确保车间内有良好的通风条件。操作人员应穿戴适当的防护装备。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    3.5
  • 重原子数:
    16
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    2.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    52
  • 氢给体数:
    2
  • 氢受体数:
    2

ADMET

代谢
单次口服给予大鼠U-14(C) 3,3'-二氯联苯胺(20 mg/kg)剂量后,导致该化合物与肝脏脂质发生体内共价结合。超过70%的脂质3,3'-二氯联苯胺加合物存在于微粒体中。从总肝脏或内质网中丢失与脂质结合的3,3'-二氯联苯胺残基至少发生两个阶段,一个初始的快速阶段和一个最终的慢速阶段。在体外研究中,使用含有针对特定p450同工酶的抗体的肝脏微粒体,在化学抑制剂的存在下,确定激活3,3'-二氯联苯胺至脂质结合衍生物的酶,涉及到细胞色素p450依赖性。在Ames试验中,3,3'-二氯联苯胺结合的微粒体脂质对Salmonella TA98不具有诱变性。结果表明,3,3'-二氯联苯胺与膜脂质之间的加合形成可能提供了3,3'-二氯联苯胺活化的衡量指标。
Administration of a single oral dose (20 mg/kg) of U-14(C) 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine to rats resulted in the in vivo covalent binding of the compound to hepatic lipids. More than 70% of the lipid 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine adducts were accounted for in microsomes. Loss of the lipid bound 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine residues from either total liver or endoplasmic reticulum occurred in at least two phases an initial fast phase and a terminal slow phase. In vitro studies with hepatic microsomes in the presence of antibodies to specific p450 isozymes and chemical inhibitors to determine the enzymes that activate 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine to the lipid binding derivative(s) implicated cytochrome p450 dependent The 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine bound microsomal lipids were not mutagenic to Salmonella TA98 in the Ames test. The results suggest that adduct formation between 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine and membrane lipids may provide a measure of 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine activation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
对雌性Wistar大鼠口服给药后,研究了联苯胺及其一些同类物质与血红蛋白的共价结合。在碱性条件下水解血红蛋白加合物,并通过高效液相色谱法分析芳香胺。对联苯胺而言,观察到了三种裂解产物,主要成分为单乙酰联苯胺。这表明4-亚硝基-4'-N-乙酰氨基联苯是红细胞中的主要活性代谢物。此外,还鉴定出了联苯胺和4-氨基联苯。对于3,3'-二氯联苯胺二盐酸、3,3'-二甲氧基联苯胺和3,3'-二甲基联苯胺,观察到了两种裂解产物,母体二胺的量超过了或与单乙酰衍生物的量相当。对于3,3',5,5'-四甲基联苯胺,未发现血红蛋白加合物。当给动物施用偶氮染料直接红28时,发现了典型的联苯胺三种裂解产物,表明联苯胺在偶氮化合物的还原裂解后变得生物可利用。在这种情况下,4-氨基联苯的比例大于联苯胺后的比例。建议使用分析人类血液中血红蛋白加合物的方法来控制个体接触这些致癌化学物质的暴露,作为生化效应监测的一部分。
Covalent binding of benzidine and some congeners to hemoglobin was studied in female Wistar rats after oral administration. Hemoglobin adducts were hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions, and the arylamines analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. With benzidine, three cleavage products were observed, the major component being monoacetylbenzidine. This indicates that 4-nitroso-4'-N- acetylaminobiphenyl is the major reactive metabolite in erythrocytes. In addition benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl were identified. With 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine and 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine two cleavage products were observed, the parent diamines being present in excess to or in amounts comparable to the monoacetyl derivative. With 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine a hemoglobin adduct could not be found. When the azo dye direct red 28 was administered to the animals, the three cleavage products typical for benzidine were found, indicating that benzidine became bioavailable after reductive cleavage of the azo compound. In this case the fraction of 4-aminobiphenyl was greater than after benzidine. It is proposed to use the analysis of hemoglobin adducts in human blood to control the exposure of individuals to these carcinogenic chemicals in the course of biochemical effect monitoring.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在给猴子施用联苯胺后的最初几小时内,其在尿液中的代谢物主要被检测到,而3,3'-二氯联苯胺几乎全部以未改变的母体形式排出。尿液中标记有(14)C的联苯胺代谢物似乎是N-乙酰化化合物。
... During the first few hours after administration of benzidine to monkeys, its metabolites were primarily detected in the urine, whereas 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine was excreted almost entirely as the unchanged base. The urinary (14)C-labeled benzidine metabolites appeared to be N-acetylated cmpds.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
混种狗(性别不限)口服1克3,3'-二氯联苯胺悬浮于槐树胶中,在粪便中排泄少于2%,在尿液中作为原形化合物排泄少于0.2%。因此,3'3-二氯联苯胺可能在体内迅速降解。... 从猴子尿液中获得的一种代谢物(静脉给药后)/与单一乙酰联苯胺共同色谱分析,是猴子体内联苯胺的尿液代谢物。
Mongrel dogs (sex unspecified) given 1 g 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine ip as suspension in gum tragacanth excreted less than 2% in feces & less than 0.2% in urine as parent cmpd. Thus, 3'3-dichlorobenzidine is probably degraded rapidly in vivo. ... One metabolite obtained from monkey urine /following iv admin/ co-chromatographed with monoacetyl benzidine, a urinary metabolite of benzidine in monkeys.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
3,3'-二氯联苯胺可通过口服、吸入和皮肤接触途径被吸收。其主要代谢途径被认为是通过肝脏的N-乙酰转移酶进行N-乙酰化,产生如N-乙酰-3,3’-二氯联苯胺和N,N-二乙酰-3,3’-二氯联苯胺等代谢物。3,3'-二氯联苯胺还可能通过某些细胞色素P-450单加氧酶被激活为有毒的中间产物。代谢物主要通过尿液排出,其次通过粪便排出。(L124)
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine is absorbed via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal routes. The major path of metabolism is believed to be N-acetylation via hepatic N-acetyltransferases, producing metabolites such as N-acetyl-3,3’-dichlorobenzidine and N,N-diacetyl-3,3’-dichlorobenzidine. 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine may also be activated to toxic intermediates by certain cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases. Metabolites are excreted primarily in urine and to a lesser extent in faeces. (L124)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:3,3'-二氯联苯胺(DCB)是一种灰色至紫色的结晶固体。在美国,它主要用于制造印刷油墨、纺织品、纸张、油漆、橡胶和塑料的颜料,以及作为含有异氰酸酯的聚合物和固体聚氨酯塑料的固化剂。人类暴露和毒性:皮肤接触3,3'-DCB 基质已在染料工人中引起皮炎。在仅接触3,3'-DCB的染料制造工人中发现了血液细胞癌(主要是白血病)的显著增加。DCB能够在HepG2细胞中诱导DNA损伤和一些细胞应激反应。它在人类成纤维细胞中引起了非计划性DNA合成。通过监测血红蛋白加合物和尿液中DCB排泄的斑点采样,实现了有效的生物监测。DCB被合理地预期为人类致癌物。动物研究:DCB或其二盐酸盐在多种实验动物中通过多种暴露途径和多个不同组织部位引起了肿瘤。饮食摄入DCB在雌雄大鼠中引起了乳腺癌(腺癌),在雄性大鼠中引起了粒细胞白血病和耳下腺癌(癌),在仓鼠和雌性狗中引起了膀胱癌(移行细胞或乳头状移行细胞癌),在雌性狗中引起了肝癌(肝细胞癌)。大鼠的皮下注射DCB引起了皮肤和乳腺肿瘤。小鼠在胚胎期暴露于DCB引起了淋巴白血病,饮食暴露在雄性中引起了肝癌(肝细胞癌)。纯净级和工业级DCB对沙门氏菌TA1538具有一定的直接致突变活性,但通过激活可增加50倍以上。DCB以低浓度注射到小鼠体内会增加,在高浓度时,会减少骨髓细胞中姐妹染色单体交换的频率。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine (DCB) is gray to purple, crystalline solid. It is used in the United States primarily in the manufacture of pigments for printing ink, textiles, paper, paint, rubber, and plastics and as a curing agent for isocyanate-containing polymers and solid urethane plastics. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Dermal exposure to 3,3'-DCB base has caused dermatitis in dye workers. A significant increase in cancer of the blood cells (mostly leukemia) was found among dye-manufacturing workers exposed only to 3,3'-DCB. DCB is capable of inducing DNA damage and some cellular stress responses in HepG2 cells. It has caused unscheduled DNA synthesis in human fibroblasts. Effective biological monitoring was achieved by a combination of monitoring hemoglobin adducts with spot samplings of urinary DCB excretion. DCB is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. ANIMAL STUDIES: DCB or its dihydrochloride caused tumors in several species of experimental animals, at several different tissue sites, and by several different routes of exposure. Dietary administration of DCB caused mammary-gland cancer (adenocarcinoma) in rats of both sexes, granulocytic leukemia and Zymbal-gland cancer (carcinoma) in male rats, urinary-bladder cancer (transitional-cell or papillary transitional-cell carcinoma) in hamsters and in female dogs, and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) in female dogs. Subcutaneous injection of DCB caused skin and mammary-gland tumors in rats. Prenatal exposure to DCB in mice caused lymphoid leukemia, and dietary exposure caused liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) in males. Purified and technical grade DCB had some direct mutagenic activity toward Salmonella typhimurium TA1538, but this was increased over 50-fold by activation. DCB injected ip into mice at low concentration increased, and at high concentration, decreased the sister chromatid exchange frequency in bone marrow cells.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
3,3’-二氯联苯胺的毒性机制主要源于其代谢物与DNA的结合。在代谢过程中形成亚硝基衍生物,与红细胞中的血红蛋白形成亚磺酸酰胺,这被认为是这种加合物形成的一种机制。3,3’-二氯联苯胺可以作用于芳基烃受体,诱导细胞色素p-450酶的活性,这些酶将3,3’-二氯联苯胺以及其他多卤代芳香族化合物代谢成它们的毒性中间体。(L124, A89, A90)
3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine's mechanism of toxicity derives mainly from the adduction of DNA by its metabolites. The formation of nitroso derivatives during metabolism, yielding a sulfinic acid amide with hemoglobin in erythrocytes, is suggested to be a mechanism for this adduct formation. 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine can act on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor to induce the activity of cytochrome p-450 enzymes, which metabolize 3,3’-dichlorobenzidine, along with other polyhalogenated aromatics, into their toxic intermediates. (L124, A89, A90)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
分类:B2;可能的人类致癌物。分类依据:基于在大鼠、小鼠和狗中统计显著增加的肿瘤发生率。进一步的支持来自遗传毒性和与已知的人类膀胱致癌物联苯胺的结构相关性证据。人类致癌性数据:不足。动物致癌性数据:充分。
CLASSIFICATION: B2; probable human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on statistically significantly increased tumor incidence in rats, mice and dogs. Additional support is provided by positive evidence of genotoxicity and structural relationship to the known human bladder carcinogen benzidine. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
人类致癌性证据不足。动物致癌性证据充分。总体评估:2B组:该物质可能对人类致癌。
Inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. OVERALL EVALUATION: Group 2B: The agent is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
A3; 已确认的动物致癌物,对人类的相关性未知。
A3; Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
... 实验动物通过肠道或皮肤吸收3,3'-二氯联苯胺;口服给药或皮肤应用后出现全身毒性表明这些途径有一定程度的吸收。
... intestinal or dermal absorption of 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine in experimental animals; the appearance of systemic toxicity following oral admin or dermal application indicates some degree of absorption by way of these routes.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
从职业接触3,3'-二氯联苯胺的工人的尿液中分离出了与3,3'-二氯联苯胺共同色谱成分。在一项工人被这种化合物在水中的泥浆浸湿的研究中,尿液排泄率大约增加了10倍,高于其他工人观察到的速率。
Constituents that co-chromatographed with 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine were isolated from urine of workers occupationally exposed to 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine. In one worker drenched with a slurry of this cmpd in water, urinary excretion was incr approx 10-fold over the rate observed in other workers.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
3,3'-二氯联苯胺可通过胎盘进入小鼠体内,这一点通过对怀孕期间接受3,3'-二氯联苯胺处理的BALB/c小鼠胚胎移植肾脏的生长变化以及暴露于3,3'-二氯联苯胺的子代肿瘤发生率增加得到证实...
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine crosses the placenta of mice as demonstrated by growth changes in explanted kidneys of embryos from BALB/c mice treated during pregnancy ... & by incr tumor incidences in offspring /exposed in utero to 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine/. ...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在给狗静脉注射14(C)-标记的联苯胺或3,3'-二氯联苯胺四小时后,尿液和膀胱中的放射性水平分别比3,3'-二氯联苯胺高30%和42%。总的来说,排泄率相似,治疗一周后几乎同时停止排泄。
Four hr after iv admin of 14(C)-labeled benzidine or 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine to dogs, radioactivity levels in urine & bladder were 30 & 42% higher, respectively, for benzidine than for 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine. In general, the excretion rates were similar, with excretion practically ceasing simultaneously 1 wk after treatment.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    IRRITANT
  • 危险品标志:
    F,T,N
  • 危险类别码:
    R45
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 3077 9/PG 3
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • RTECS号:
    DD0550000
  • 海关编码:
    2921590032
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险类别:
    6.1
  • 安全说明:
    S45,S53,S60,S61
  • 储存条件:
    使用内衬塑料袋的外用铁桶进行包装,并在阴凉、干燥的库房中密封保存。需要注意防热、防潮,并且要将这类物品与其他碱类物品分开存放。运输和储存时应按照有毒化学品的规定来进行。

SDS

SDS:9f067e7b5f5ce60061a0c908306a03b3
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第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称: 3,3′-二氯联苯胺
化学品英文名称: 3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine;4,4′-Diamino-3,3′-dichlorobiphenyl
中文俗名或商品名:
Synonyms:
CAS No.: 91-94-1
分子式: C 12 H 10 Cl 2 N 2
分子量: 253.14
第二部分:成分/组成信息
纯化学品 混合物
化学品名称:3,3′-二氯联苯胺
有害物成分 含量 CAS No.
第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径: 吸入 食入 经皮吸收
健康危害: 对动物有强致癌作用,对人为可疑致癌物。接触本品可引起皮炎。
环境危害: 对环境有危害。
燃爆危险: 本品可燃。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触: 用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。就医。
眼睛接触: 拉开眼睑,用流动清水冲洗15分钟。就医。
吸入: 脱离现场至空气新鲜处。就医。
食入: 误服者,饮适量温水,催吐。洗胃。就医。
第五部分:消防措施
危险特性: 遇明火、高热可燃。受高热分解放出有毒的气体。
有害燃烧产物:
灭火方法及灭火剂: 泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉、水。
消防员的个体防护:
禁止使用的灭火剂:
闪点(℃):
自燃温度(℃):
爆炸下限[%(V/V)]:
爆炸上限[%(V/V)]:
最小点火能(mJ):
爆燃点:
爆速:
最大燃爆压力(MPa):
建规火险分级:
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理: 隔离泄漏污染区,周围设警告标志,建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器,穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物,小心扫起,避免扬尘,倒至空旷地方深埋。用水刷洗泄漏污染区,经稀释的污水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏,收集回收或无害处理后废弃。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项:
储存注意事项:
第八部分:接触控制/个体防护
最高容许浓度: 中 国 MAC:未制订标准前苏联 MAC:未制订标准美国TLV—TWA:未制订标准
监测方法:
工程控制: 严加密闭,提供充分的局部排风。
呼吸系统防护: 可能接触其蒸气时,应该佩戴防毒口罩。紧急事态抢救或逃生时,佩戴自给式呼吸器。
眼睛防护: 戴安全防护眼镜。
身体防护: 穿相应的防护服。
手防护: 戴防化学品手套。
其他防护: 工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作后,淋浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服,洗后再用。实行就业前和定期
第九部分:理化特性
外观与性状: 棕褐色针状结晶,易氧化。
pH:
熔点(℃): 132~133
沸点(℃):
相对密度(水=1):
相对蒸气密度(空气=1): 8.73
饱和蒸气压(kPa):
燃烧热(kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃):
临界压力(MPa):
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值:
闪点(℃):
引燃温度(℃):
爆炸上限%(V/V):
爆炸下限%(V/V):
分子式: C 12 H 10 Cl 2 N 2
分子量: 253.14
蒸发速率:
粘性:
溶解性: 微溶于水,溶于醇、醚、稀酸。
主要用途: 用作偶氮染料中间体和颜料苯胺黄的重要原料。
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性: 在常温常压下 稳定
禁配物: 强氧化剂。
避免接触的条件:
聚合危害: 不能出现
分解产物: 一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氮氧化物、氯化氢。
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性: LD50:4740mg/kg(大鼠经口)(MLD) LC50:
急性中毒:
慢性中毒:
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:
第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法:
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
UN编号:
包装标志:
包装类别:
包装方法:
运输注意事项: 储存于阴凉、通风仓间内。远离火种、热源。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、酸类、食用化工原料分开存放。操作现场不得吸烟、饮水、进食。搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。分装和搬运作业要注意个人防护。
RETCS号:
IMDG规则页码:
第十五部分:法规信息
国内化学品安全管理法规:
国际化学品安全管理法规:
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献: 1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
填表时间: 年月日
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息: 5
MSDS修改日期: 年月日

制备方法与用途

化学性质
灰色至紫色固体结晶

用途
用作染料、颜料中间体

生产方法
将邻硝基氯苯在碱性条件下与锌偶联还原,然后在酸性条件下使还原产物发生重排得到3,3’-二氯联苯胺盐酸盐。

类别
有毒物品

毒性分级
中毒

急性毒性
口服:大鼠 LD50: 3820 毫克/公斤;小鼠 LD50: 2464 毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性
可燃;受热会放出有毒的氯化氢和氮氧化物气体

储运特性
应存放在通风、低温干燥的库房中,并与氧化剂及食品分开储存运输

灭火剂
干粉、砂土、泡沫或二氧化碳

上下游信息

  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Linoleic acid amplifies polychlorinated biphenyl-mediated dysfunction of endothelial cells
    摘要:
    Selected dietary lipids may increase the atherogenicity of environmental chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), by cross-amplifying mechanisms leading to dysfunction of the vascular endothelium. To investigate this hypothesis, cultured endothelial cells were treated with 90 mu M linoleic acid (18:2n-6), followed by either one of two PCBs, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77) or 2,2'4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153). These PCBs were selected for their varying binding activities with the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor and differences in their induction of cytochrome P450. PCB 77 disrupted endothelial barrier function by allowing an increase in albumin transfer across endothelial monolayers. Prior cellular enrichment with 18:2 before CB treatment further diminished endothelial barrier function, as compared tee cells treated only with the PCB. This phenomenon appears to be mediated by increased oxidative stress, which is supported by enhanced 2,7-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, activation data of the oxidative stress-sensitive nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), as well as an observed decrease in vitamin E content in the culture media. Similar to the endothelial permeability data, pre-enrichment of cells with 18:2 further increased the PCB-mediated induction of cytochrome P450 1A. In contrast to PCB 77, PCB 153 (or 18:2 plus PCB 153) had little or no effect on endothelial barrier function. Our results suggest that certain unsaturated fatty acids can potentiate PCB-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction and that oxidative stress and activation of the cytochrome P450 1A subfamily may be, in part, responsible for these metabolic events. These findings have implications for understanding the involvement of certain environmental contaminants in. diseases that involve dysfunction of the vascular endothelium. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    DOI:
    10.1002/(sici)1099-0461(1999)13:2<83::aid-jbt4>3.3.co;2-z
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Cohn,P., Chemische Berichte, 1900, vol. 33, p. 3552
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    四丁基锡 、 (E)-1-(2-methylbutylthio)-1-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]propene 在 1,10-菲罗啉3,3′-二氯联苯胺 作用下, 以 乙腈 为溶剂, 反应 18.0h, 以52%的产率得到1-(2-methylbutylthio)-1-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-2,3,3-trimethylbutane
    参考文献:
    名称:
    乙烯酮二硫缩醛S,S-二氧化物的光化学烷基化。羰基化烯烃官能化的一个例子
    摘要:
    某些烯酮二硫缩醛S,S-二氧化物的自由基烷基化未能通过氢化锡促进的链式过程完成,但通过化学计量的光化学引发成功地进行了,无论是电子转移还是氢提取。在第一种情况下,烷基是通过自由基阳离子裂解从四烷基锡烷(t-Bu-,i-Pr-,n-Bu-SnR(3))产生的,而在第二种情况下,它们是从烷烃(环己烷,金刚烷)产生的)二苯甲酮三联体。当涉及庞大的自由基(t-Bu,金刚烷基)时,加成反应具有完全的非对映选择性。
    DOI:
    10.1021/jo990817e
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文献信息

  • [EN] AZO DYES<br/>[FR] COLORANTS AZOÏQUES
    申请人:KEMIRA OYJ
    公开号:WO2012072634A1
    公开(公告)日:2012-06-07
    The present invention relates to new azo dyes, a process for their preparation, and their use for dyeing or printing fibrous materials, to produce materials with brownish shades.
    本发明涉及新的偶氮染料,其制备过程,以及它们用于染色或印花纤维材料以产生棕色调材料的用途。
  • [EN] PHOTOALIGNING MATERIAL<br/>[FR] MATÉRIAU DE PHOTOALIGNEMENT
    申请人:ROLIC AG
    公开号:WO2013017467A1
    公开(公告)日:2013-02-07
    The present invention relates to a copolymer for the photoalignment of liquid crystals comprising a photoreactive group as given below in formula (I), compositions thereof, and its use for optical and electro optical devices, especially liquid crystal devices (LCDs).
    本发明涉及一种共聚物,用于液晶的光调向,包括如下所示的具有光反应性基团的化合物(I)的公式,以及其组合物,以及其在光学和电光设备,特别是液晶设备(LCD)中的使用。
  • Pigment compositions for solvent and water-based ink systems and the methods for producing them
    申请人:HOECHST CELANESE CORPORATION
    公开号:EP0592907A1
    公开(公告)日:1994-04-20
    This invention is an azo pigment composition containing a water insoluble metal salt of a water soluble polymer; a method of preparing said composition and ink compositions prepared from said azo pigment compositions.
    这项发明是一种含有水不溶性金属盐的水溶性聚合物的偶氮颜料组合物;一种制备该组合物的方法以及由该偶氮颜料组合物制备的油墨组合物。
  • [EN] SITE-SPECIFIC RADIOFLUORINATION OF PEPTIDES WITH 8-[18F]-FLUOROOCTANOIC ACID CATALYZED BY LIPOIC ACID LIGASE<br/>[FR] RADIOFLUORATION SPÉCIFIQUE DE SITE DE PEPTIDES AVEC DE L'ACIDE 8-[18F]FLUOROOCTANOÏQUE CATALYSÉE PAR UNE ACIDE LIPOÏQUE LIGASE
    申请人:UNIV CALIFORNIA
    公开号:WO2017095806A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-06-08
    New methodologies for site-specifically radiolabeling proteins with the PET isotope [18F] are required to generate high quality radiotracers for imaging in both the preclinical and clinical settings. The enzymatic radiofluorination overcomes many of the limitations encountered to date with purely chemical approaches. The bacterial enzyme lipoic acid ligase was used to conjugate [18F]-fluorooctanoic acid to both a small peptide and a Fab antibody fragment. Labeling was site-specific and highly efficient under mild aqueous conditions using small amounts of peptide/protein (1-10 nmol). The labeled construct retained full epitope binding affinity and was stable in mouse serum. Using an optimized reaction scheme, mCi quantities of [18F]-Fab were generated, an amount sufficient for human imaging.
    用PET同位素[18F]对蛋白质进行特异性标记的新方法对于在临床前和临床环境中生成高质量放射示踪剂是必需的。酶促放氟反应克服了迄今为止纯化学方法所遇到的许多限制。细菌酶硫辛酸连接酶被用于将[18F]-氟辛酸与小肽和Fab抗体片段结合。在温和水性条件下,使用少量的肽/蛋白质(1-10 nmol),标记是特异性的且高效的。标记的构建物保留了完整的抗原结合亲和力,并在小鼠血清中稳定。使用优化的反应方案,产生了足够进行人体成像的mCi数量的[18F]-Fab。
  • Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of small-azo-dyes as potent Vesicular Glutamate Transporters inhibitors
    作者:Franck-Cyril Favre-Besse、Odile Poirel、Tiphaine Bersot、Elodie Kim-Grellier、Stephanie Daumas、Salah El Mestikawy、Francine C. Acher、Nicolas Pietrancosta
    DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.056
    日期:2014.5
    and dicarboxylic quinolines (DCQs). Their ability to block vesicular glutamate uptake was evaluated. Several compounds displayed low micromolar inhibitory potency when size related compounds are thirty to forty times less potent (i.e. DCQ). We then confirmed the VGLUT selectivity by measuring the effect of the series on vesicular monoamine transport and on metabotropic glutamate receptor activity.
    囊泡谷氨酸转运蛋白(VGLUT)允许装载突突前谷氨酸囊泡,因此在谷氨酸能突触传递中起关键作用。事实证明,VGLUT参与了几种主要的神经病理学,并且与阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏病的临床痴呆症直接相关。因此,VGLUT代表用于神经病理学治疗或诊断的关键生物学靶标或生物标志物。然而,尽管VGLUT具有举足轻重的作用,但它们的药理作用似乎十分有限。已知的竞争性抑制剂仅限于某些染料,如锥虫蓝(TB)和谷氨酸盐模拟物。缺乏药理学工具严重阻碍了VGLUT的研究。在这里,我们报告了一种结合了结核病和二羧酸喹啉(DCQs)优点的小分子的快速获得方法。评价了它们阻断水泡谷氨酸摄取的能力。当与尺寸相关的化合物的效价低三十至四十倍时(即DCQ),几种化合物的微摩尔抑制力低。然后,我们通过测量该系列对囊泡单胺转运和代谢型谷氨酸受体活性的影响,证实了VGLUT的选择性。这些抑制剂仅需两个步骤即可合成,并且属于VGLUT研究的最佳药理工具。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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