Elusive Metal-Free Primary Amination of Arylboronic Acids: Synthetic Studies and Mechanism by Density Functional Theory
摘要:
Herein, we disclose the first metal-free synthesis of primary aromatic amines from arylboronic acids, a reaction that has eluded synthetic chemists for decades. This remarkable transformation affords structurally diverse primary arylamines in good chemical yields, including a variety of halogenated primary anilines that often cannot be prepared via transition-metal-catalyzed amination. The reaction is operationally simple, requires only a slight excess of aminating agent, proceeds under neutral or basic conditions, and, importantly, can be scaled up to provide multigram quantities of primary anilines. Density functional calculations reveal that the most likely mechanism involves a facile 1,2-aryl migration and that the presence of an ortho nitro group in the aminating agent plays a critical role in lowering the free energy barrier of the 1,2-aryl migration step.
Development of progesterone receptor antagonists from 1,2-dihydrochromeno[3,4-f]quinoline agonist pharmacophore
作者:Lin Zhi、Josef D Ringgenberg、James P Edwards、Christopher M Tegley、Sarah J West、Barbara Pio、Mehrnouch Motamedi、Todd K Jones、Keith B Marschke、Dale E Mais、William T Schrader
DOI:10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00256-7
日期:2003.6
A series of 1,2-dihydrochromeno[3,4-f]quinoline derivatives was synthesized and tested in biological assays to evaluate the nonsteroidal progesterone receptor modulator pharmacophore (4) as antiprogestins. A number of potent analogues were identified by modification of the substituents at the D-ring. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.