Regio- and Stereospecific <i>C</i>- and <i>O</i>-Allylation of Phenols via π-Allyl Pd Complexes Derived from Allylic Ester Carbonates
作者:Christopher A. Discolo、Alexander G. Graves、Donald R. Deardorff
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.6b02608
日期:2017.1.20
for the C- and O-allylation of phenols via a common π-allyl Pd complex. While O-allylation of phenols by this method is a well-recognized reaction of general utility, the associated para-selective C-allylation reaction is still in its infancy. Cationic π-allyl Pd intermediates, derived from allylic ester carbonates and palladium(0) catalyst, were found to undergo the Friedel–Crafts-type para-selective
Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Vinylation of Activated Ketones and Imines
作者:Yuan Huang、Rui-Zhi Huang、Yu Zhao
DOI:10.1021/jacs.6b02372
日期:2016.5.25
We present here an unprecedented cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective vinylation of α-ketoesters, isatins, and imines to deliver a range of synthetically usefulallylicalcohols and amines in high enantiopurity. This method employs commercially available and easy to handle catalysts and reagents and exhibits a high degree of practicality. The efficiency, selectivity, and operational simplicity of this
Aldehydes are asymmetrically acylated by a two step sequence that is initiated by a homologation step to 1,1-heterodisubstituted alkenes followed by asymmetric dihydroxylation. Thus, ketene O,S-acetals are efficiently prepared from aldehydes by a Peterson olefination with lithiated methoxy-phenylthiotrimethylsilyl methane 14 as the C-1 source. Although they are dihydroxylated with the Sharpless catalyst with moderate to good enantioselectivity (62-80% ee), the process is not efficient owing to the low chemical yields of the desired alpha-hydroxy methyl esters (7-37%). Use of the corresponding sulfoxide 24 or sulfon 25 led to an improved chemical yield of alpha-hydroxy methyl ester 19, but the stereoselectivity was diminished. In contrast, intermediate ketene O,O-acetals are prepared by a Horner-Wittig reaction with phosphine oxide 31 and are dihydroxylated both with good chemical and stereochemical yield. The concept is applicable to aromatic, aliphatic, and chiral aldehydes. For example, this short sequence allows exclusive and independent preparation of both diastereomeric heptoses 69a and 69b.
Asymmetric reduction of alkyl 2-oxo-4-arylbutanoates and -but-3-enoates by Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330: assignment of the absolute configuration of ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-(p-methylphenyl)but-3-enoate by 1H NMR
Enantioselective bioreduction of alkyl 2-oxo-4-arylbutanoates and 2-oxo-4-arylbut-3-enoates mediated by Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 resulted in the formation of the corresponding (S)-2-hydroxy compounds in high enantiomeric excesses (93-99%) and good isolated yields (58-71%). The absolute configuration of enantiomerically pure ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-(p-methylphenyl)but-3-enoate obtained by the reduction of the corresponding keto ester was assigned by H-1 NMR using Mosher's method. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Stereoselective reduction of C=X by a chiral 1,4-dihydropyridine (NADH-MIMIC) in a self-immolative process