Iron(II) citrate | 23383-11-1

• 物质功能分类: 有机原料 - 有机金属盐
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: Iron(II) citrate
• 英文别名: 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;iron(2+)
• CAS: 23383-11-1
• 化学式: C12H10Fe3O14
• 分子量: 545.73
• InChiKey: PFKAKHILNWLJRT-UHFFFAOYSA-H

物化性质

• 熔点：
  decomposes under H2 at 350℃ [CRC10]
• LogP：
  -1.721 (est)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -10.51
• 重原子数：
  29
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  281
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  14

ADMET

毒理性

• 副作用

职业性肝毒素 - 第二性肝毒素：在职业环境中的毒性效应潜力是基于人类摄入或动物实验的中毒案例。

Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 相互作用

为了研究枸橼酸铁钠复合物（枸橼酸亚铁）对单独服用或与维生素C同时服用时环丙沙星相对生物利用度的影响，首先3名健康志愿者单独服用600毫克环丙沙星或同时服用100毫克口服枸橼酸铁钠复合物，然后2名健康志愿者单独服用600毫克环丙沙星，或单独服用100毫克口服枸橼酸铁钠复合物，或同时服用枸橼酸铁钠复合物和1500毫克口服维生素C；频繁采集血液样本并分析药代动力学参数。与枸橼酸铁钠复合物联合用药时，Cmax和血清浓度-时间曲线下面积显著降低。相对生物利用度为33.1%。在第二个研究中，当同时给予维生素C时，两名志愿者的曲线下面积有所改善。然而，生物利用度没有显著变化。

To investigate the effects of sodium ferricitrate complex (sodium ferrous citrate) on the relative bioavailability of ciprofloxacin taken alone or with ascorbic acid, 3 healthy volunteers first received a single oral dose of 600 mg of ciprofloxacin alone or with 100 mg of oral sodium ferricitrate complex, and then 2 healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of 600 mg of ciprofloxacin alone, with 100 mg of oral sodium ferricitrate complex alone, or with sodium ferricitrate complex and 1500 mg of oral ascorbic acid; blood samples were taken frequently and analyzed for pharmacokinetic parameters. Cmax and area under the serum concentration-time curve decreased significantly with coadministration of sodium ferricitrate complex. Relative bioavailability was 33.1%. In the second study, area under the curve for both volunteers was improved with concomitant administration of ascorbic acid. However, the bioavailability did not significantly change.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

普通婴儿食品，即过滤后的梨子，对从人乳中吸收铁（Fe）的影响进行了测量。首先，五名成年受试者被喂食了含有添加的柠檬酸铁59Fe的1分升人乳；随后，同样的受试者被喂食了人乳和一罐婴儿食品。从人乳中摄入的59Fe进入红细胞的平均比例约为所摄入铁的四分之一。当牛奶与婴儿食品结合时，摄入量显著降低。在哺乳婴儿的饮食中添加补充食品会降低人乳中铁的生物利用率。

The effect of a common baby food, strained pears, on the absorption of Fe from human milk was measured. Five adult subjects were initially fed 1 dL of human milk that contained added ferrous citrate 59Fe; the same subjects were later fed human milk and one jar of baby food. Incorporation of 59Fe into red blood cells averaged approximately 1/4 of the administered Fe from the human milk. When the milk was combined with the baby food, incorporation was significantly decreased. The addition of a supplemental food to the diet of the breast-fed infant impairs the bioavailability of the Fe from human milk.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

实验室动物：神经毒性/ ...在当前研究中，向黑质内输注较低剂量的锰（4.2纳米摩尔）并未显著改变大鼠纹状体中的多巴胺水平。此外，锰完全抑制了由向黑质内输注柠檬酸亚铁（4.2纳米摩尔）引起的急性脂质过氧化和慢性黑质纹状体神经元的变性。

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Neurotoxicity/ ...Intranigral infusion of lower dose manganese (4.2 nmol) in the present study did not significantly alter dopamine levels in rat striatum. Moreover, manganese completely suppressed both acute lipid peroxidation in substantia nigra and chronic degeneration of the nigrostriatal neurons induced by intranigral infusion of ferrous citrate (4.2 nmol).

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，如有必要，协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测休克并视需要进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用生理盐水连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能够吞咽，有强烈的呕吐反射，且不流口水，则用水冲洗口腔，并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释。/铁及其相关化合物/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. /Iron and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

胃肠对铁的吸收是充足的...然而...从柠檬酸亚铁的吸收低于硫酸亚铁、富马酸亚铁、葡萄糖酸亚铁、琥珀酸亚铁、谷氨酸亚铁和乳酸盐亚铁。

Gastrointestinal absorption of iron is adequate ... /yet/ ... lower from ferrous citrate ... /than ferrous sulfate, fumarate, gluconate, succinate, glutamate, and lactate/.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

这项研究表明，抗胆碱能药物减少了人和动物对铁的吸收。六名正常男性在禁食一夜后，被给予了含有250毫克硫酸亚铁的10Ci 59Fe硫酸亚铁溶液。四小时后进行全身计数，并作为基线研究。在给予放射性铁之前60分钟，受试者接受了62.5毫克六氢环磷酰胺甲磺酸盐（Tral）的剂量。六小时后重复剂量。在摄入放射性铁后四小时进行全身计数。在此后的15天内，每隔5天，所有受试者的体内放射性活度达到一个平台。从最终计数到初始计数计算吸收百分比，并进行校正。在大鼠中用硫酸阿托品进行了类似的实验。在这两个实验中，抗胆碱能药物导致铁吸收减少。当铁通过胃管给药时，阿托品的效果持续存在，但通过十二指肠给药时则不然。另一组实验显示，当放射性铁在脱蛋白化的酸性胃液中或0.1N HCl中通过十二指肠给药时，铁吸收减少，但当与中和胃液混合时则不会减少。

This study demonstrated that anticholinergic agents decreased iron absorption in man and animals. Six normal males were given 10 Ci of 59Fe ferrous citrate dissolved in water containing 250 mg of ferrous sulfate after an overnight fast. Whole body counts were done 4 hours later and used as baseline studies. Sixty minutes before the administration of radioiron, the subjects received a dose of 62.5 mg of hexocyclium methosulfate (Tral). The dose was repeated 6 hours later. Four hours after ingestion of radioiron, whole body counting was done. Every 5 days thereafter, for 15 days, a plateau of body radioactivity was reached in all subjects. Percentage absorption was calculated from the final to initial counts, after correction. Similar experiments were done in rats with atropine sulfate. In both experiments, the anticholinergic agent produced a decrease in iron absorption. The effect of atropine persisted when the iron was delivered intragastrically, but not intraduodenally. Another set of experiments showed that iron absorption decreases when radioiron is intraduodenally given in deproteinized acid gastric juice, or in 0.1N HCl, but not when mixed with neutralized gastric juice.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

研究了孕期大鼠在有无4-二甲氨基芪（DS）诱导的肉瘤肿瘤情况下对柠檬酸铁59Fe的摄取。... 胚胎显示出较高的59Fe浓度。... 铁负荷仅影响胚胎肝脏。肿瘤和胎盘对59Fe的摄取有所不同。

The uptake of ferrous citrate 59Fe was studied in pregnant rats with or without a 4-dimethylamino-stilben(DS)-induced sarcoma tumor. ... The embryo showed higher concentrations of 59Fe. ... Iron loading only affected the embryo liver. Tumors and the placenta showed a different incorporation of 59Fe.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

制备方法与用途

鉴别试验

10%试样液的柠檬酸盐试验（IT-13）和亚铁盐试验（IT-19）均呈阳性。

含量分析

(亚铁) 准确称取约0.4g试样，溶于(16～100)rnl稀硫酸液中，加入5ml 85%磷酸，用水稀释至约50ml，再加正二氮杂菲试液(TS-162)，立即用0.1mol/L硫酸高铈滴定。同时进行空白滴定并作必要校正。每mL 0.1mol/L硫酸高铈相当于Fe 5.585mg。

使用限量

GB 14880-94 (mg/kg)：
谷类及其制品：24～48；
饮料：10～20；
乳制品、婴幼儿食品：60～100；
食品、夹心糖：600～1200（均以Fe计）。

化学性质

微灰绿色粉末或白色结晶。

用途

柠檬酸亚铁在食品工业中用作营养增补剂，可用于乳制品等。

类别

有毒物质

可燃性危险特性

可燃；火场排出含氧化铁辛辣刺激烟雾。

储运特性

库房低温、通风、干燥。

灭火剂

水、二氧化碳、干粉、砂土。

职业标准

TWA 1毫克(铁)/立方米； STEL 2毫克(铁)/立方米。