1,2,3,6-tetrahydrobenzaldehyde appears as a colorless liquid. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used to make fabrics water resistant, and to make other chemicals.
颜色/状态:
Liquid
折光率:
MAXIMUM ABSORPTION (ETHANOL): 231 NM (LOG E= 4.12); INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.5005 @ 20 °C/D
Aldehydes are readily oxidized to organic acids, which, in turn, can serve as substrates for fatty acid oxidation pathways and the Krebs cycle. ... Oxidation of aldehydes is catalyzed by aldehyde dehydrogenase, which has been found in the brain, erythrocytes, liver, kidney, heart, and placenta. /Aldehydes/
... The detoxification of aldehydes can be seen to proceed basically via two routes: (1) an oxidation to yield readily metabolized acids; (2) inactivation by reaction with sulfhydryl groups, particularly glutathione. Under conditions that either deplete glutathione levels, or that result in an inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase (for example, Antabuse treatment), the acute and chronic effects of aldehyde toxicity might be more fully expressed. /Aldehydes/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
副作用
Dermatotoxin - 皮肤烧伤。
Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
毒性数据
大鼠LC50 = 2000 ppm/4小时
LC50 (rat) = 2,000 ppm/4h
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
The mucus membranes of the nasal and oral passages and the upper respiratory tract are affected, producing a burning sensation ... bronchial constriction, choking, and coughing. The eyes tear, and a burning sensation is noted on the skin of the face. /Aldehydes/
Study was conducted to determine if HCHO pretreatment would cause sensory irritation cross tolerance to other inhaled aldehydes. Male F-344 rats, weighing 190 to 210 g, were pretreated with 15 ppm HCHO, 6 hr/day for 9 days, and challenged on the 10th day with a saturated (acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and butyraldehyde), unsaturated (acrolein and crotonaldehyde), or cyclic (cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde, 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, and benzaldehyde) aldehyde. The sensory irritation response in these animals was quantified by measuring respiratory rate depression in a head-only inhalation chamber in naive (nonpretreated) animals, the concentration eliciting a 50% decrease in respiratory rate (RD50) was 23 ppm or less for unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes. For cyclic and saturated aliphatic aldehydes, the RD50 ranged from 600 to 1000 ppm and 3000 to 6800 ppm, respectively. Formaldehyde pretreatment resulted in cross tolerance only with acetaldehyde (RD50 increased 3.5-fold) and acrolein (RD50 increased 5-fold the development of cross tolerance following HCHO pretreatment is not a general phenomenon.
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
From aldehydes to nitriles, a general and high yielding transformation using HOF·CH3CN complex
作者:Mira Carmeli、Neta Shefer、Shlomo Rozen
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.10.014
日期:2006.12
N,N-Dimethylhydrazones of aldehydes undergo a rapid oxidative cleavage to form nitriles in very high yields on reaction with HOF·CH3CN under mild conditions. The reaction is chemoselective and proceeds rapidly without racemization. The nitriles were resistant to further oxidation, even when a large excess of the reagent was employed.
A Facile Microwave and SnCl2 Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones
作者:Nicholas S. O'Brien、Adam McCluskey
DOI:10.1071/ch20101
日期:——
An elegantly simple, facile, and robust approach to a scaffold of biological importance, 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones, is reported. A catalytic 1 % SnCl2/microwave-mediated approach afforded access to pure material, collected by cooling and filtration after 20-min microwave irradiation at 120°C. A total of 41 analogues were prepared in isolated yields of 17–99 %. This process was highly tolerant
Synthesis of α-Deuterioalcohols by Single-Electron Umpolung Reductive Deuteration of Carbonyls Using D2O as Deuterium Source
作者:Yuxia Hou、Zemin Lai、Lei Ning、Yixuan Li、Jie An、Hengzhao Li、Ailing Li
DOI:10.1055/a-1523-3336
日期:2021.7
Deuteriumincorporation can effectively stabilize the chiral centers of drug and agrochemical candidates that hampered by rapid in vivo racemization. In this work, the synthetically challenging chiral-center deuteration of alcohols has been achieved via a single-electron umpolung reductive-deuteration protocol using benign D2O as deuterium source and mild SmI2 as electron donor. The broad scope and
Designing the synthesis of catalytically active Ti-β by using various new templates in the presence of fluoride anion
作者:Manickam Sasidharan、Asim Bhaumik
DOI:10.1039/c1cp21013k
日期:——
Crystallization of large-pore Ti-β by using a variety of diquaternary ammonium derivatives of dibromoalkane and amines such as triethylamine, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO), and quinuclidine as structure-directing agents (SDA) is described. The size of hydrophobic bridging alkyl-chain length of the template [R3N+â(CH2)xâN+R3](OHâ)2 directs the final crystalline product: Ti-β, Ti-ZSM-12, Ti-nonasil or Ti-ZSM-5, as x gradually changes from 6 to 1, in the fluoride medium under hydrothermal conditions. A dense phase such as Ti-nonasil (clathrasil type) is crystallized as the size of hydrophobic bridging alkyl-chain length decreases. The use of Fâ anions as a mineralizer and Ti4+ as a heteroatom in the synthesis gel also influences the selectivity of final crystalline product. The phase purity and incorporation of Ti4+ into the lattice of β (BEA) and ZSM-12 frameworks are confirmed using XRD, UV-visible, FT-IR, 29Si NMR spectroscopes, elemental analysis (ICP), surface area measurements and catalytic test reactions. The morphology of Ti-β samples is dependent on the nature of the structure-directing agent as revealed by the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations. The catalytic activity in the epoxidation of 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene is increased with the amount of tetrahedral Ti4+ atoms in the framework. The new templates can be effectively used for preparation of catalytically active Ti-β with the minimum number of framework defect sites.