非奈西林 | 147-55-7

• 物质功能分类: 原料药 - 抗生素类药物 - 青霉素类药
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 非奈西林
• 英文名称: phenethicillin
• 英文别名: Feneticilina；pheneticillin；penicillin B；6β-((Ξ)-2-phenoxy-propionylamino)-penicillanic acid；(2S,5R,6R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(1-oxo-2-phenoxypropyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid；α-Phenoxyethyl-penicillin；(2S,5R,6R)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-(2-phenoxypropanoylamino)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
• CAS: 147-55-7
• 化学式: C₁₇H₂₀N₂O₅S
• 分子量: 364.422
• InChiKey: NONJJLVGHLVQQM-JHXYUMNGSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  673.9±55.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.41±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.2
• 重原子数：
  25
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.47
• 拓扑面积：
  121
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  6

ADMET

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

所有类型的皮疹...接触性皮炎...口腔病变...发热...嗜酸性粒细胞增多...间质性肾炎可能由青霉素引起。在患有潜在肾脏疾病的病人中，青霉素可能会导致异常尿沉渣或急性肾小球肾炎的肾病。/青霉素/

SKIN RASHES OF ALL TYPES...CONTACT DERMATITIS...ORAL LESIONS...FEVER... EOSINOPHILIA...INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS MAY...BE PRODUCED BY PENICILLINS. ... IN PT WITH UNDERLYING RENAL DISEASE, PENICILLIN MAY PRODUCE NEPHROPATHY WITH ABNORMAL URINE SEDIMENT OR ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. /PENICILLINS/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

大多数严重的超敏反应...包括血管神经性水肿、血清病、过敏性休克和亚急性现象。...急性过敏性或类过敏性反应...构成与使用它们相关的最重要的直接危险。/青霉素类/

MOST SERIOUS HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS...ARE ANGIOEDEMA, SERUM SICKNESS, ANAPHYLAXIS, & ARTHUS PHENOMENON. ... ACUTE ANAPHYLACTIC OR ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS...CONSTITUTE MOST IMPORTANT IMMEDIATE DANGER CONNECTED WITH THEIR USE. /PENICILLINS/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

过敏反应...突然的、严重的低血压和迅速死亡。...伴有严重哮喘的支气管收缩，或腹部疼痛、恶心和呕吐，或极度虚弱和血压下降，或腹泻和紫癜样皮肤疹... /青霉素类/

ANAPHYLAXIS...SUDDEN, SEVERE HYPOTENSION & RAPID DEATH. ...BRONCHOCONSTRICTION WITH SEVERE ASTHMA, OR ABDOMINAL PAIN, NAUSEA, & VOMITING, OR EXTREME WEAKNESS & FALL IN BLOOD PRESSURE, OR DIARRHEA & PURPURIC SKIN ERUPTIONS... /PENICILLINS/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

对于系统给药的青霉素反应很少影响眼睛，除非是继发于颅内压增加，这可能导致视乳头水肿。/青霉素/

REACTIONS TO SYSTEMICALLY ADMIN PENICILLIN HAVE RARELY AFFECTED EYES EXCEPT SECONDARILY TO INCR INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE, WHICH HAS PRODUCED PAPILLEDEMA. /PENICILLIN/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

食物延缓吸收，从而延长化合物的作用持续时间。口服给药后大约1小时达到血浆峰浓度。

FOOD RETARDS ABSORPTION & THEREBY PROLONGS DURATION OF ACTION OF CMPD. PEAK PLASMA CONCN OCCUR ABOUT 1 HR AFTER ORAL ADMIN OF DRUG.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

口服给药时，药物吸收良好，并能逃逸酸性胃内容物的破坏；尽管如此，肠吸收仍不完全。在等量口服剂量下，它产生的血浆浓度比青霉素G或青霉素V更高。

GIVEN ORALLY, DRUG IS WELL ABSORBED & ESCAPES DESTRUCTION IN ACIDIC GASTRIC CONTENTS; DESPITE THIS FACT, INTESTINAL ABSORPTION IS INCOMPLETE. IN EQUAL ORAL DOSES, IT PRODUCES HIGHER PLASMA CONCN THAN DOES PENICILLIN G OR PENICILLIN V.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

青霉素的半衰期在人类血清中从年轻成年人大约25分钟增加到老年人2小时，并且被肾脏小管主动分泌的药物显著增加。新生儿的血清青霉素水平比儿童和成人接受等效剂量后更高且持续时间更长。

PENICILLIN T/2 IN HUMAN SERUM INCR FROM ABOUT 25 MIN IN YOUNG ADULTS TO 2 HR IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS & IS ALSO MARKEDLY INCR BY DRUGS WHICH ARE ACTIVELY SECRETED BY KIDNEY TUBULES. SERUM PENICILLIN LEVELS IN NEW-BORN INFANTS ARE HIGHER & MORE PROLONGED THAN IN CHILDREN & ADULTS AFTER EQUIV DOSES. /PENICILLIN/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

从体内迅速消除，主要通过肾脏，但小部分通过胆汁和其他途径。新生儿的清除值显著较低，因为肾脏功能未完全发育。/青霉素G/

...RAPIDLY ELIMINATED FROM BODY, MAINLY BY KIDNEY BUT IN SMALL PART IN BILE & BY OTHER CHANNELS. ... CLEARANCE VALUES ARE CONSIDERABLY LOWER IN NEONATES & INFANTS, BECAUSE OF INCOMPLETE DEVELOPMENT OF RENAL FUNCTION... /PENICILLIN G/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

大量出现在肝脏、胆汁、肾脏、精液、淋巴和肠道中。当脑膜正常时，青霉素不易进入脑脊液。/青霉素G/

SIGNIFICANT AMT APPEAR IN LIVER, BILE, KIDNEY, SEMEN, LYMPH, & INTESTINE. ... PENICILLIN DOES NOT READILY ENTER CSF WHEN MENINGES ARE NORMAL. /PENICILLIN G/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  非奈西林 在 potassium permanganate 作用下， 生成 1,1-dioxo-6β-((Ξ)-2-phenoxy-propionylamino)-1λ⁶-penicillanic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Penicillin Sulfones

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo01042a523
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  6-氨基青霉烷酸 、 2-苯氧基丙酰氯 在 sodium carbonate 作用下， 以 丙酮 为溶剂， 生成 非奈西林
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Derivatives of 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid. I. Partially Synthetic Penicillins Prepared from α-Aryloxyalkanoic Acids

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja01500a036

文献信息

• Kappa agonist compounds and pharmaceutical formulations thereof
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20030144272A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-07-31

  Compounds having kappa opioid agonist activity, compositions containing them and method of using them as analgesics are provided. The compounds of formulae I, II, IIA, III, IIIA, IIIB, IIIB-i, IV and IVA have the structure: 1 2 wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ; and X, X 4 , X 5 , X 7 , X 9 ; Y, Z and n are as described in the specification.

  提供具有kappa阿片受体激动剂活性的化合物，含有这些化合物的组合物以及使用它们作为镇痛剂的方法。 具有以下结构的化合物I、II、IIA、III、IIIA、IIIB、IIIB-i、IV和IVA： 1 2 其中 R 1 ，R 2 ，R 3 ，R 4 ；和 X，X 4 ，X 5 ，X 7 ，X 9 ； Y，Z和n如规范中所述。
• Carboxamide and amino derivatives and methods of their use
  申请人：Dolle E. Roland

  公开号：US20050113294A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-05-26

  Carboxamide and amino derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods for their pharmaceutical use are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the carboxamide derivatives are ligands of the δ opioid receptor and are useful, inter alia, for treating and/or preventing pain, anxiety, gastrointestinal disorders, and other δ opioid receptor-mediated conditions.

  Carboxamide和氨基衍生物，含有这些化合物的药物组合物，以及其药用方法被披露。在某些实施例中，Carboxamide衍生物是δ阿片受体的配体，可用于治疗和/或预防疼痛、焦虑、胃肠道疾病和其他δ阿片受体介导的疾病。
• COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR DRUG RELEASE
  申请人：INTERFACE BIOLOGICS, INC.

  公开号：US20160038651A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-02-11

  The invention relates to compounds that include biologically active agents (e.g., compounds according to any of formulas (I) and (I-A) that can be used for effective drug release, e.g., as coatings for medical devices. Use of these compounds in the coating of surfaces can allow for long-term drug release as well as imparting uniform coatings with little phase separation compared to, e.g., the parent biologically active agent.

  这项发明涉及包括生物活性剂（例如，根据任何公式（I）和（I-A）的化合物）的化合物，可用作有效的药物释放，例如，作为医疗器械的涂层。在表面涂层中使用这些化合物可以实现长期药物释放，并且与原生生物活性剂相比，可以实现均匀涂层且几乎没有相分离。
• Prodrug derivatives of acids using alcohols with homotopic hydroxy groups and methods for their preparation and use
  申请人：deLong A. Mitchell

  公开号：US20070254920A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-11-01

  This invention relates to novel homotopic prodrugs and medicaments and methods for their preparation, testing and use. In one embodiment, the homotopic prodrug has the general formula wherein is a biologically-active moiety comprising a carboxylic acid functional group, and R b is a homotopically-symmetrical alcohol bonded to the biologically-active moiety through the carboxylic acid functional group to form an ester linkage, as well as optical isomers, enantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, biohydrolyzable amides, esters, and imides thereof and combinations thereof.

  这项发明涉及新型同位素前药、药物以及其制备、测试和使用方法。在一个实施例中，同位素前药具有一般公式 其中 是包含羧酸官能团的生物活性基团，而 R b 是通过羧酸官能团与生物活性基团形成酯键的同位对称醇，以及其光学异构体、对映异构体、药用可接受盐、生物水解酰胺、酯、亚酰胺及其组合物。
• Treatment of genitourinary tract disorders
  申请人：——

  公开号：US20030170286A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-09-11

  Genitourinary system disorders are treated with therapeutic agents, and optionally further with radiation treatments.

  生殖泌尿系统疾病可以用治疗性药物进行治疗，必要时还可以进一步进行放射治疗。