Controlled Synthesis of Polyglutamates with Low Polydispersity and Versatile Architectures
申请人:Fundacion de la Comunidad Valenciana "Centro De Investigaciones Principe Felipe
公开号:US20150087788A1
公开(公告)日:2015-03-26
Polyglutamates are well known to be highly biocompatible, biodegradable and multifunctional polymers, which have been already used as building blocks in polymer drug conjugates and polymeric micelles. Those systems have been applied to various medical applications ranging from therapy to molecular imaging. Furthermore a polyglutamic acid (PGA) paclitaxel conjugate has already entered clinical studies (Opaxio™ PGA-PTX conjugate currently in phase III of Clinical trials).
In this context, a synthetic pathway to a plethora functional polyglutamates (homopolymers, block-co-polymers, triblocks) with well-defined structure, adjustable molecular weight (Mw) and low dispersity (D=Mw/Mn<1.2) applying the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCA) has been developed. Additionally, the acid moieties of the polyglutamates can be activated with 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium (DMTMM) and various functionalities can be easily introduced by “post-polymerization modification” yielding a set orthogonal reactive attachment sides. The reactive moieties, such as azides, maleimides, thiols, alkynes (linear or cyclic) offer the opportunity of specific conjugation of the drugs, targeting moieties or markers. Besides introducing reactive groups the functionalization strategy was also used for PEGylation of PGA reducing charge induced interactions and therefore pharmacological properties, such as blood circulation time may be adjusted.
In summary, a tool kit of various polyglutamates has been developed enabling the synthesis of a variety of polymer drug conjugates or polymer based imaging agents. The functional polymeric precursors developed will allow us to functionalize and therefore adjust the polymer properties to a desired application.
多聚谷氨酸被广泛认为是高度生物相容性、可生物降解和多功能聚合物,已经被用作聚合物药物共轭物和聚合物微胞的构建模块。这些系统已被应用于从治疗到分子成像等各种医疗应用中。此外,一种聚谷氨酸(PGA)紫杉醇共轭物已经进入临床研究阶段(Opaxio™ PGA-PTX 共轭物目前处于临床试验的第三阶段)。在这种背景下,已经开发了一种合成途径,用于制备各种功能性多聚谷氨酸(同聚物、嵌段共聚物、三嵌段)具有明确定义的结构、可调节的分子量(Mw)和低分散度(D=Mw/Mn<1.2),应用 N-羧酸酐(NCA)的环开聚合(ROP)。此外,多聚谷氨酸的酸基团可以用 4-(4,6-二甲氧基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-4-甲基吗啉(DMTMM)激活,并且各种功能基易于通过“后聚合物修饰”引入,产生一组正交反应附加侧。这些反应基团,如叠氮基、马来酰亚胺、硫醇、炔基(线性或环状),为药物、靶向基团或标记物的特异性共轭提供了机会。除了引入反应基团外,功能化策略还用于 PGA 的 PEG化,减少了电荷诱导的相互作用,从而可以调整药理学性质,例如血液循环时间。总之,已开发了各种多聚谷氨酸的工具包,使得能够合成各种聚合物药物共轭物或基于聚合物的成像试剂。开发的功能性聚合物前体将使我们能够对聚合物性质进行功能化调整,以适用于所需的应用。