Macroscopic gelatinous colonies of freshwater cyanobacterium Aphanothece sacrum, a luxury ingredient for Japanese cuisine, were found to contain a new oxylipin-derived macrolide, sacrolide A (1), as an antimicrobial component. The configuration of two chiral centers in 1 was determined by a combination of chiral anisotropy analysis and conformational analysis of different ring-opened derivatives. Compound 1 inhibited the growth of some species of Gram-positive bacteria, yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fungus Penicillium chrysogenum, and was also cytotoxic to 3Y1 rat fibroblasts. Concern about potential food intoxication caused by accidental massive ingestion of A. sacrum was dispelled by the absence of 1 in commercial products. A manual procedure for degrading 1 in raw colonies was also developed, enabling a convenient on-site detoxification at restaurants or for personal consumption.
淡水蓝藻Aphanothece sacrum的宏观胶状菌落是日本料理中的奢华食材,发现其中含有一种新的由氧脂素衍生的大环内酯物质,命名为sacrolide A(1号),作为抗微生物成分。1号中的两个手性中心的构型是通过手性各向异性分析和不同环开放衍生物的构象分析相结合来确定的。化合物1号抑制了一些革兰氏阳性细菌、酵母菌Saccharomyces cerevisiae和真菌Penicillium chrysogenum的生长,并且对3Y1大鼠成纤维细胞具有细胞毒性。对于担心因意外大量摄入A. sacrum而导致食物中毒的担忧,商业产品中不存在1号成分来消除。还开发了一种手动程序,用于降解原始菌落中的1号,从而实现在餐厅或个人消费时方便地进行现场解毒。