Unexpected Reactivity of 2-Fluorolinalyl Diphosphate in the Active Site of Crystalline 2-Methylisoborneol Synthase
摘要:
The crystal structure of 2-methylisoborneol synthase (MIBS) from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has been determined in its unliganded state and in complex with two Mg2+ ions and 2-fluoroneryl diphosphate at 1.85 and 2.00 angstrom resolution, respectively. Under normal circumstances, MIBS catalyzes the cyclization of the naturally occurring, noncanonical 11-carbon isoprenoid substrate, 2-methylgeranyl diphosphate, which first undergoes an ionization-somerization-ionization sequence through the tertiary diphosphate intermediate 2-methyllinalyl diphosphate to enable subsequent cyclization chemistry. MIBS does not exhibit catalytic activity with 2-fluorogeranyl cliphosphate, and we recently reported the crystal structure of MIBS complexed with this unreactive substrate analogue [Koksal, M., Chou, W. K. W., Cane, D. E., Christianson, D. W. (2012) Biochemistry SI, 3011-3020]. However, cocrystallization of MIBS with the fluorinated analogue of the tertiary allylic diphosphate intermediate, 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate, reveals unexpected reactivity for the intermediate analogue and yields the crystal structure of the complex with the primary allylic diphosphate, 2-fluoroneryl diphosphate. Comparison with the structure of the unliganded enzyme reveals that the crystalline enzyme active site remains partially open, presumably due to the binding of only two Mg2+ ions. Assays in solution indicate that MIBS catalyzes the generation of (1R)-(+)-camphor from the substrate 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate, suggesting that both 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate and 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate follow the identical cyclization mechanism leading to 2-substituted isobomeol products; however, the initially generated 2-fluoroisoborneol cyclization product is unstable and undergoes elimination of hydrogen fluoride to yield (1R)-(+)-camphor.
Unexpected Reactivity of 2-Fluorolinalyl Diphosphate in the Active Site of Crystalline 2-Methylisoborneol Synthase
摘要:
The crystal structure of 2-methylisoborneol synthase (MIBS) from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has been determined in its unliganded state and in complex with two Mg2+ ions and 2-fluoroneryl diphosphate at 1.85 and 2.00 angstrom resolution, respectively. Under normal circumstances, MIBS catalyzes the cyclization of the naturally occurring, noncanonical 11-carbon isoprenoid substrate, 2-methylgeranyl diphosphate, which first undergoes an ionization-somerization-ionization sequence through the tertiary diphosphate intermediate 2-methyllinalyl diphosphate to enable subsequent cyclization chemistry. MIBS does not exhibit catalytic activity with 2-fluorogeranyl cliphosphate, and we recently reported the crystal structure of MIBS complexed with this unreactive substrate analogue [Koksal, M., Chou, W. K. W., Cane, D. E., Christianson, D. W. (2012) Biochemistry SI, 3011-3020]. However, cocrystallization of MIBS with the fluorinated analogue of the tertiary allylic diphosphate intermediate, 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate, reveals unexpected reactivity for the intermediate analogue and yields the crystal structure of the complex with the primary allylic diphosphate, 2-fluoroneryl diphosphate. Comparison with the structure of the unliganded enzyme reveals that the crystalline enzyme active site remains partially open, presumably due to the binding of only two Mg2+ ions. Assays in solution indicate that MIBS catalyzes the generation of (1R)-(+)-camphor from the substrate 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate, suggesting that both 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate and 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate follow the identical cyclization mechanism leading to 2-substituted isobomeol products; however, the initially generated 2-fluoroisoborneol cyclization product is unstable and undergoes elimination of hydrogen fluoride to yield (1R)-(+)-camphor.
Alternative Synthesis of the Colorado Potato Beetle Pheromone
作者:Juan A. Faraldos、Robert M. Coates、José-Luis Giner
DOI:10.1021/jo4017056
日期:2013.10.18
involves a 6-endo epoxide ring-opening with ester participation that simultaneously inverts the 3R-configuration of the (3R)-2,3-epoxy-2-fluoroprenyl acetate intermediate and installs the ketone functionality of the semiochemical. Extensive NMR studies validate the proposed 6-endo mechanism of the featured rearrangement, which under anhydrous conditions resulted in the formation of two bicyclic 1,3-dioxan-5-ones
雄性科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫分泌的信息素的简明制剂[即。(3 S )-1,3-二羟基-3,7-二甲基-6-辛烯-2-one]从2-氟橙花醇或2-氟香叶醇开始,分四步完成。合成中的关键步骤涉及酯参与的 6-内环氧化物开环,同时反转(3 R )-2,3-环氧-2-氟异戊二烯乙酸酯中间体的 3 R-构型并安装符号化学。广泛的 NMR 研究验证了所提出的特征重排的 6-endo 机制,该机制在无水条件下通过前所未有的分子内 Prins 环化形成两个双环 1,3-二恶烷-5-酮。
Solvolytic Ring-opening of Alkoxychlorofluorocyclopropanes: A Ready Access to Fluorinated α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones
Alkoxychlorofluorocyclopropanes are easily prepared by chlorofluorocarbene addition to en-ethers in a two-phase system and converted by simple heating in an aqueous solvent mixture to 2-fluoro-2-alkenals which can be reduced to the corresponding alcohols.