N^α-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-D-valylleucine benzyl ester | 84559-70-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: N^α-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-D-valylleucine benzyl ester
• 英文别名: Boc-D-Val-Leu-OBzl；Boc-DVal-Leu-OBzl；benzyl (2S)-4-methyl-2-[[(2R)-3-methyl-2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]butanoyl]amino]pentanoate
• CAS: 84559-70-6
• 化学式: C₂₃H₃₆N₂O₅
• 分子量: 420.549
• InChiKey: JKNMSRWIFKOBPA-RBUKOAKNSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  4.8
• 重原子数：
  30
• 可旋转键数：
  12
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.61
• 拓扑面积：
  93.7
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  N^α-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-D-valylleucine benzyl ester 在 重铬酸吡啶 N-甲基吗啉 、 sodium hydroxide 、 氢气 、 氯甲酸异丁酯 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 、 丙酮 为溶剂， 反应 3.25h， 生成 Nα-(tert-buthoxycarbonyl)-D-valylleucyl-Nε-(tert-buthoxycarbonyl)lysine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Plasmin-activated prodrugs for cancer chemotherapy. 1. Synthesis and biological activity of peptidylacivicin and peptidylphenylenediamine mustard

  摘要：

  Many tumors contain elevated levels of plasminogen activator and thus produce elevated levels of the protease plasmin in the milieu of the tumor. We have hypothesized, therefore, that it should be possible to prepare peptidyl prodrug derivatives of anticancer drugs that would be locally activated by tumor-associated plasmin. As an initial test of this hypothesis, we synthesized the peptidyl prodrugs of the anticancer drugs (alpha S, 5S)-alpha-amino-3-chloro-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazoleacetic acid (acivicin, AT-125) and N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-p-phenylenediamine (phenylenediamine mustard) by mixed anhydride coupling of the parent drug with the protected tripeptide, Boc-D-Val-Leu-Lys(Boc)-OH, followed by deprotection with trifluoroacetic acid. The prodrugs showed an increased selective in vitro cytotoxicity for Rous sarcoma virus transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts (which produce elevated levels of plasminogen activator) compared to nontransformed fibroblasts (which produce low levels of plasminogen activator). In the presence of the plasmin inhibitor, p-nitrophenyl p'-guanidinobenzoate at 2 micrograms/mL, the selectivity of the phenylenediamine mustard prodrug was reduced, but there was no effect on the cytotoxicity of the free drug. Furthermore, the prodrug analogue D-valylleucyl-D-lysylphenylenediamine mustard (in which L-Lys has been replaced by D-Lys) was inactive. Finally, the prodrug derivative of acivicin did not display selective toxicity for transformed cells when the cells were cultured in plasminogen-free medium. These results suggest that plasmin hydrolysis is necessary for the activation of the prodrugs. The prodrugs were tested in vivo for antitumor activity. The prodrug of acivicin, like acivicin itself, was inactive against the B16 melanoma, a murine tumor that produces high levels of plasminogen activator. This prodrug was active against the M5076 carcinoma, a tumor that displays only moderate levels of plasminogen activator; however, despite the fact that the prodrug was 2- to 3-fold less toxic on a molar basis than acivicin, there was no evidence of an increased therapeutic index. The prodrug of phenylenediamine mustard was also slightly less toxic than the parent drug, but again there was no evidence for an improved therapeutic index against the B16 tumor.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm00359a003
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  Boc-D-缬氨酸 、 L-亮氨酸苄酯对甲苯磺酸盐 在 TEA 、 1-羟基苯并三唑 、 盐酸-N-乙基-Nˊ-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 以98.6%的产率得到N^α-(t-butoxycarbonyl)-D-valylleucine benzyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  环状五肽内皮素A受体拮抗剂的构效关系。

  摘要：

  天然产物内皮素A（ETA）受体拮抗剂的类似物环（-D-Trp1-D-Glu2-Ala3-D-Val4-Leu5-）（1）和环（-D-Trp1-D-Glu2-Ala3-D -alloIle4-Leu5-）（2）的制备和测试对[125I]内皮素（ET-1）与蛋白质ETA受体结合的抑制活性。天然产物的DDLDL手性序列似乎对于抑制活性至关重要，因为D-Trp或D-Glu（或两者）在1中转化为相应的L-异构体消除了该特性。在天然产物的每个位置上的系统修饰阐明了结构-活性关系，并导致了高效和选择性的ETA受体拮抗剂。D-Trp1和Leu5多数被其他氨基酸替代导致抑制活性的显着降低。相反，用D-Asp2替代D-Glu2增强了活性。关于Ala3的位置，所有具有亚氨基酸的类似物，无论是环状的还是无环的，都比氨基酸类似物具有更高的亲和力。另外，大多数在其侧链中具有各种官能团的氨基酸替代物并未显着改变ETA结合亲和力。D-Val4

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm00021a021

文献信息

• MACROCYCLIC ANTAGONISTS OF THE MOTILIN RECEPTOR FOR TREATMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL DYSMOTILITY DISORDERS
  申请人：Marsault Eric

  公开号：US20100093720A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-04-15

  The present invention provides conformationally-defined macrocyclic compounds that bind to and/or are functional modulators of the motilin receptor including subtypes, isoforms and/or variants thereof. These macrocyclic compounds, at a minimum, possess adequate pharmacological properties to be useful as therapeutics for a range of disease indications. In particular, these compounds are useful for treatment and prevention of disorders characterized by hypermotilinemia and/or gastrointestinal hypermotility, including, but not limited to, diarrhea, cancer treatment-related diarrhea, cancer-induced diarrhea, chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, radiation enteritis, radiation-induced diarrhea, stress-induced diarrhea, chronic diarrhea, AIDS-related diarrhea, C. difficile associated diarrhea, traveller's diarrhea, diarrhea induced by graph versus host disease, other types of diarrhea, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (emesis) and post-operative nausea and vomiting and functional gastrointestinal disorders. In addition, the compounds possess utility for the treatment of diseases and disorders characterized by poor stomach or intestinal absorption, such as short bowel syndrome, celiac disease and cachexia. The compounds also have use for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, such as inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and pancreatitis. Accordingly, methods of treating such disorders and pharmaceutical compositions including compounds of the present invention are also provided.

  本发明提供了与胃动素受体及其亚型、异构体和/或变体结合和/或是功能调节剂的构象定义明确的大环化合物。这些大环化合物至少具有足够的药理特性，可用作治疗一系列疾病指示的治疗药物。特别是，这些化合物对于治疗和预防以高胃动素血症和/或胃肠道高蠕动性为特征的疾病非常有用，包括但不限于腹泻、癌症治疗相关腹泻、癌症诱导腹泻、化疗诱导腹泻、放射性肠炎、放射性腹泻、压力诱导腹泻、慢性腹泻、艾滋病相关腹泻、C. difficile相关腹泻、旅行者腹泻、移植物宿主病引起的腹泻、其他类型的腹泻、消化不良、肠易激综合征、化疗诱导的恶心和呕吐（呕吐）以及术后恶心和呕吐和功能性胃肠道疾病。此外，这些化合物对于治疗以胃或肠道吸收不良为特征的疾病和疾病也具有用途，例如短肠综合征、乳糜泻和虚弱。这些化合物还可用于治疗胃肠道炎症性疾病和疾病，如炎症性肠病、溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病和胰腺炎。因此，本发明还提供了治疗此类疾病的方法和包括本发明化合物的药物组合物。
• Endothelin antagonistic cyclic pentapeptides
  申请人：Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

  公开号：US05114918A1

  公开（公告）日：1992-05-19

  Cyclic pentapeptides of the formula: cyclo (-X.sup.1 -X.sup.2 -X.sup.3 -X.sup.4 -X.sup.5 -) (I) wherein X.sup.n (n=1-5) represents amino acid residues. These compounds are useful as hypotensive drugs.

  公式为cyclo(-X.sup.1 -X.sup.2 -X.sup.3 -X.sup.4 -X.sup.5-) (I)的环状五肽，其中X.sup.n (n=1-5)代表氨基酸残基。这些化合物可用作降压药物。
• Structure-Activity Relationships of Cyclic Pentapeptide Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists
  作者：Takehiro Fukami、Toshio Nagase、Kagari Fujita、Takashi Hayama、Kenji Niiyama、Toshiaki Mase、Shigeru Nakajima、Takahiro Fukuroda、Toshihiko Saeki

  DOI：10.1021/jm00021a021

  日期：1995.10

  D-heteroarylglycine was preferable at this position. Among synthesized cyclic pentapeptides, compound 36 (BQ-518) was the most potent ETA receptor antagonist, with a pA2 of 8.1 against ET-1-induced vasoconstriction in isolated porcine coronary arteries. This compound also showed the greatest selectivity between ETA and ETB receptors (IC50 for human ETA = 1.2 nM, IC50 for human ETB = 55 microM). In contrast, compound

  天然产物内皮素A（ETA）受体拮抗剂的类似物环（-D-Trp1-D-Glu2-Ala3-D-Val4-Leu5-）（1）和环（-D-Trp1-D-Glu2-Ala3-D -alloIle4-Leu5-）（2）的制备和测试对[125I]内皮素（ET-1）与蛋白质ETA受体结合的抑制活性。天然产物的DDLDL手性序列似乎对于抑制活性至关重要，因为D-Trp或D-Glu（或两者）在1中转化为相应的L-异构体消除了该特性。在天然产物的每个位置上的系统修饰阐明了结构-活性关系，并导致了高效和选择性的ETA受体拮抗剂。D-Trp1和Leu5多数被其他氨基酸替代导致抑制活性的显着降低。相反，用D-Asp2替代D-Glu2增强了活性。关于Ala3的位置，所有具有亚氨基酸的类似物，无论是环状的还是无环的，都比氨基酸类似物具有更高的亲和力。另外，大多数在其侧链中具有各种官能团的氨基酸替代物并未显着改变ETA结合亲和力。D-Val4
• Plasmin-activated prodrugs for cancer chemotherapy. 1. Synthesis and biological activity of peptidylacivicin and peptidylphenylenediamine mustard
  作者：Prasun K. Chakravarty、Philip L. Carl、Michael J. Weber、John A. Katzenellenbogen

  DOI：10.1021/jm00359a003

  日期：1983.5

  Many tumors contain elevated levels of plasminogen activator and thus produce elevated levels of the protease plasmin in the milieu of the tumor. We have hypothesized, therefore, that it should be possible to prepare peptidyl prodrug derivatives of anticancer drugs that would be locally activated by tumor-associated plasmin. As an initial test of this hypothesis, we synthesized the peptidyl prodrugs of the anticancer drugs (alpha S, 5S)-alpha-amino-3-chloro-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazoleacetic acid (acivicin, AT-125) and N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-p-phenylenediamine (phenylenediamine mustard) by mixed anhydride coupling of the parent drug with the protected tripeptide, Boc-D-Val-Leu-Lys(Boc)-OH, followed by deprotection with trifluoroacetic acid. The prodrugs showed an increased selective in vitro cytotoxicity for Rous sarcoma virus transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts (which produce elevated levels of plasminogen activator) compared to nontransformed fibroblasts (which produce low levels of plasminogen activator). In the presence of the plasmin inhibitor, p-nitrophenyl p'-guanidinobenzoate at 2 micrograms/mL, the selectivity of the phenylenediamine mustard prodrug was reduced, but there was no effect on the cytotoxicity of the free drug. Furthermore, the prodrug analogue D-valylleucyl-D-lysylphenylenediamine mustard (in which L-Lys has been replaced by D-Lys) was inactive. Finally, the prodrug derivative of acivicin did not display selective toxicity for transformed cells when the cells were cultured in plasminogen-free medium. These results suggest that plasmin hydrolysis is necessary for the activation of the prodrugs. The prodrugs were tested in vivo for antitumor activity. The prodrug of acivicin, like acivicin itself, was inactive against the B16 melanoma, a murine tumor that produces high levels of plasminogen activator. This prodrug was active against the M5076 carcinoma, a tumor that displays only moderate levels of plasminogen activator; however, despite the fact that the prodrug was 2- to 3-fold less toxic on a molar basis than acivicin, there was no evidence of an increased therapeutic index. The prodrug of phenylenediamine mustard was also slightly less toxic than the parent drug, but again there was no evidence for an improved therapeutic index against the B16 tumor.