Full-Scale Evaluation of Mercury Control with Sorbent Injection and COHPAC at Alabama Power E.C. Gaston
摘要:
The overall objective of this project was to determine the cost and impacts of leg control using sorbent injection into a Compact Hybrid Particulate Collector (COHPAC) at Alabama Power's Gaston Unit 3. This test is part of a program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) to obtain the necessary information to assess the costs of controlling Hg from coal-fired utility plants that do not have scrubbers for SO2 control. The economics will be developed based on various levels of Hg control.Gaston Unit 3 was chosen for testing because COHPAC represents a cost-effective retrofit option for utilities with existing electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). COHPAC is an EPRI-patented concept that places a high air-to-cloth ratio baghouse downstream of an existing ESP to improve overall particulate collection efficiency. Activated carbons were injected upstream of COHPAC and downstream of the ESP to obtain performance and operational data.Results were very encouraging, with up to 90% removal of Hg for short operating periods using powdered activated carbon (PAC). During the long-term tests, an average Hg removal efficiency of 78% was measured. The PAC injection rate for the long-term tests was chosen to maintain COHPAC cleaning frequency at less than 1.5 pulses/bag/hr.
Oxidation of 2-Substituted Cycloalkanones with Cerium(IV) Sulfate Tetrahydrate in Alcohols and Acetic Acid
作者:Liangyou He、C. Akira Horiuchi
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.72.2515
日期:1999.11
The reaction of 2-substituted cycloalkanones with cerium(IV) sulfate tetrahydrate (CS) in alcohols and acetic acid gave the corresponding alkyl esters of oxo acids (80—96%) and oxo acids (78—96%), respectively, by oxidative cleavage of the C(R)–C=O bond. In the case of 2-iodocycloalkanones in methanol, the dimethyl ester was obtained in good yield. A treatment of 5α-cholestan-3-one with CS in methanol