Unexpected Reactivity of 2-Fluorolinalyl Diphosphate in the Active Site of Crystalline 2-Methylisoborneol Synthase
作者:Mustafa Köksal、Wayne K. W. Chou、David E. Cane、David W. Christianson
DOI:10.1021/bi400797c
日期:2013.8.6
The crystal structure of 2-methylisoborneol synthase (MIBS) from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has been determined in its unliganded state and in complex with two Mg2+ ions and 2-fluoroneryl diphosphate at 1.85 and 2.00 angstrom resolution, respectively. Under normal circumstances, MIBS catalyzes the cyclization of the naturally occurring, noncanonical 11-carbon isoprenoid substrate, 2-methylgeranyl diphosphate, which first undergoes an ionization-somerization-ionization sequence through the tertiary diphosphate intermediate 2-methyllinalyl diphosphate to enable subsequent cyclization chemistry. MIBS does not exhibit catalytic activity with 2-fluorogeranyl cliphosphate, and we recently reported the crystal structure of MIBS complexed with this unreactive substrate analogue [Koksal, M., Chou, W. K. W., Cane, D. E., Christianson, D. W. (2012) Biochemistry SI, 3011-3020]. However, cocrystallization of MIBS with the fluorinated analogue of the tertiary allylic diphosphate intermediate, 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate, reveals unexpected reactivity for the intermediate analogue and yields the crystal structure of the complex with the primary allylic diphosphate, 2-fluoroneryl diphosphate. Comparison with the structure of the unliganded enzyme reveals that the crystalline enzyme active site remains partially open, presumably due to the binding of only two Mg2+ ions. Assays in solution indicate that MIBS catalyzes the generation of (1R)-(+)-camphor from the substrate 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate, suggesting that both 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate and 2-fluorolinalyl diphosphate follow the identical cyclization mechanism leading to 2-substituted isobomeol products; however, the initially generated 2-fluoroisoborneol cyclization product is unstable and undergoes elimination of hydrogen fluoride to yield (1R)-(+)-camphor.